人教版八年级英语下册单元语法归纳及练习全套(共40页).docx

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上人教版八年级英语下册单元语法归纳及练习全套Unit 1 重点语法教学目标：掌握情态动词should的用法 掌握反身代词的用法1. 情态动词should的用法( 1 ) 情态动词should后接动词原形，变为一般疑问句时将should提前，变为否定句时在should后面加not。We should listen to our teacher carefully in class.Should I tell him the news right now?We shouldnt come late to school.( 2 ) should常用于以下两种情况： 提出建议、

2、观点或看法。You loo tired. You should lie down and rest. 表示推测，意为“该，按理应当”。Wait a minute. I thin he should come in a moment.2. 反身代词( 1 ) 反身代词的构成反身代词是表示或强调自身的代词，有人称和数之分。第一、二人称反身代词由“形容词性物主代词 + self ( 单数 )或selves ( 复数 )”构成；第三人称则由“宾格人称代词 + self ( 单数 )或selves ( 复数 ) ”构成。详见下表：人称单数复数（-selves）第一人称myself 我自己ourselve

3、s 我们自己第二人称yourself 你自己yourselves 你们自己第三人称himself 他自己themselves他/ 她/ 它们自己herself 她自己itself 它自己( 2 ) 反身代词的用法 做宾语You must loo after yourself well and eep healthy.The child can dress himself. 做同位语He didnt often go shopping himself.= He himself didnt often go shopping. 做主语在现代英语中，反身代词一般不能独立用作主语，但是它可以借助and

4、, or, nor等连词与其他名词一起构成并列主语（且位于并列主语的后部），以及用于某些特殊结构（如as.as等）。My brother and myself went there yesterday.He was as anious as myself.Jims sister and himself get up at si every day.( 3 ) 含反身代词的短语小结by oneself 独自，单独for oneself 亲自teach oneself 自学learn.by oneself 自学enjoy oneself 玩得开心say to oneself 自言自语dress o

5、neself 穿衣服help oneself to. 随意吃/ 喝点.I am able to do it by myself.I teach myself English in my spare time.They enjoyed themselves at the party.基础巩固1. - Many people play with mobile phones all day instead of reading boos. - Thats too bad. Everyone _ be a boo lover. Reading is more enjoyable.A. may B. s

6、hould C. would2. - Your uncle is very good at cooing! How did he learn it ? - He learned it by _.A. Him B. himself C. her D. herself专项提升一、 单句语法填空1. We should _ ( learn ) to study by ourselves.2. After coming bac from the storm, she felt she was not _ ( she ).3. “Youre old enough, boy. Youd better do

7、 it _ ( you ).” my father said to me.4. Its too dangerous for the young children to play near the river by _ ( they ).5. My brother is always strict with _ ( he ).二、 根据汉语意思完成句子6. 你应该听你父母的话。 You _ _ _ your parents.7. 他们不应该在走廊里跑。 They _ _ in the hallway.8. 昨天他们在聚会上玩得很开心。 They _ _ at the party yesterda

8、y.9. 没有人教她，她自学了英语。 Nobody taught her and she _ English _ _.10. 我们应该做什么？ _ _ we do?能力提升单项填空1. Lina and itty will go to Greenery Theme Par by _ net Sunday.A. they B. them C. their D. themselves2. Dogs _ run through soccer games at the par. Its dangerous!A. should B. shouldnt C. need D. neednt3. Lucily

9、, he didnt hurt _ terribly yesterday, and he will be better soon.A. he B. themselves C. himself D. they4. To my surprise, he sold _ house at such a low price.A. he B. him C. his D. himself5. - Did you mae the ite _, ids? -No, our uncle made it for us.A. yourselves B. yourself C. themselves6. As midd

10、le school students, we _ be afraid of difficulties if we want to mae our dreams come true.A. must B. shouldnt C. need7. Peter doesnt feel sure of _ in his new school.A. he B. him C. his D. himself答案：基础巩固1-2 BB专项提升1. learn 2. herself 3. yourself 4. themselves 5. himself 6. should listen to 7. shouldn

11、t run 8. enjoyed themselves/ had fun 9. learned; by herself 10. What should能力提升1-5 DBCCA 6-7 BDUnit 2 重点语法教学目标：掌握不定式几种重要用法1. 动词不定式动词不定式的基本结构为“to + 动词原形”（有时可不加to）。在句中除了不能充当谓语外，其他成分都可以充当，如：主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等。此处主要讲做宾语补足语和状语的用法。( 1 ) 做宾语补足语。动词不定式做宾语补足语，放在宾语的后面，表示宾语是什么或怎么样。有to do和to be两种形式。The doctor

12、advised him to tae a good rest.I find English to be very easy.注意：在as, tell, encourage, get, wish, want, would lie, find, advise, teach 等动词或短语之后，常接带to的不定式做宾语补足语。We ased him to sing a pop song at the party.我们请他在聚会上唱一首流行歌曲。动词不定式做宾语补足语时，不定式符号to在使役动词 ( have, mae, let )、感官动词 ( feel, hear, watch, see, noti

13、ce等 ) 的后面时要省略。但它们变为被动语态时，不定式符号to不能省略。The boss made the worers wor over ten hours a day in the past. = The worers were made to wor over ten hours a day by the boss in the past.动词help接不定式做宾语补足语时，不定式符号to 可省略也可不省略。He often comes to help us ( to ) do some farm wor.拓展动词不定式在listen to, loo at后做宾语补足语时，常省略to。

14、I listened to him sing. 我听到他唱歌。动词不定式在had better等词组后做宾语时，省略to。Youd better go home at once.( 2 ) 做状语 表目的：不定式可放在句子的前面也可放在句子的末尾。但在句中前面时，不定式常与句子用逗号隔开；而在句子末尾时，一般不用逗号隔开。To get there on time, we set out at five in the morning.We set out at five in the morning to get there on time. 表结果：不定式做结果状语，一般位于句子末尾。I we

15、nt to the classroom, to discover it empty.2. 动词短语动词短语是指动词和介词或副词等搭配而成的短语，如clean up, give out, cheer up, put off, set up, thin up, tae after, fi up, give away, put up, hand out等。动词短语主要有以下四种构成形式： ( 1 ) 动词 + 介词这类动词短语主要有：agree with, as for, arrive at / in, begin with , come from, get to , get on, get off

16、, hear of, noc at / on, laugh at, loo at, loo after, loo for, listen to, wait for, tae after等。注意：这类动词短语后面的宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。I am looing for my pen. I have been looing for it for two hours.( 2 ) 动词 + 副词这类动词短语主要有：find out, get bac, give out, loo up, put on, put up, put off, pass on, turn on / off,

17、tae out, write down, wae up, wor out, put away, thin up 等。注意：这类动词短语后面的宾语是名词时，名词可放在副词之前，也可放在副词之后；宾语是代词时，代词只能放在副词之前。Please pic up the pen. = Please pic the pen up.Can you pic it up?( 3 ) 动词 + 名词 + 介词这类动词短语有：have a loo at, mae friends with, pay attention to, tae care of, loo forward to等。注意：在这类动词短语中，宾语都

18、放在介词之后。You should pay more attention to your pronunciation.( 4 ) 动词 + 形容词 + 介词这类动词短语主要有：be angry with, be busy with, be good / bad for, be different from, be late for, be interested in, be famous for , be good at等。Dont be angry with him. He is only a child.基础巩固1. These people dress themselves in blo

19、ody shar suits. They tell people _ shar fins in order to protect shars.A. eat B. to eat C. not eat D. not to eat2. Alan often goes to the old peoples home _ up the old and loo after them.A. to cheer B. cheer C. cheers3. No one can be right all the time. When people mae mistaes, we shouldnt _ them.A.

20、 wait for B. send for C. noc at D. laugh at4. - Alice, dont put your things here. _. - O, I will.A. Put away them B. Put on them C. Put them away D. Put them on5. Yunnan is beautiful and Im _ visiting it again.A. eeping clear of B. suffering fromC. looing forward to D. running away from6. - Hainan _

21、 its blue sy and fresh air. - So it is. Thats why more and more visitors spend their holidays here.A. is wea in B. is famous for C. is use to 专项提升单句语法填空1. He wants _ ( put ) up some signs asing for old toys.2. Maria plans _ ( be ) a teacher because she loves children.3. I want to learn more about ho

22、w _ ( care ) for animals.4. They will get together _ ( discuss ) this question.5. We need to mae more young people _ ( learn ) shadow puppet（木偶） plays so that it wont disappear in China.6. That is the only way we can imagine _ ( reduce ) the waste of water in the bathroom.7. Last year, she decided _

23、 ( try ) out for a volunteer after-school reading program.8. Would you lie _ ( go ) and have a picnic with us tomorrow?9. She hopes _ ( be ) a volunteer during this summer vacation.10. Please promise _ ( not tell ) lies any more, will you?能力提升单项填空1. The girl was made _ her brothers clothes.A. to was

24、h B. wash C. washing2. My sister with my parents _ dumplings when I got home yesterday evening.A. are maing B. is maing C. was maing D. were maing3. - Who _ your pet dogs while you were out for a holiday? - My neighbor, a warm-hearted woman.A. put on B. looed after C. gave up D. turned off4. Our tea

25、cher _ a booshelf at the bac of our classroom to mae a small reading corner.A. piced up B. put up C. too up D. got up5. The light went out suddenly. It was very dar and _ could be seen clearly.A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything6. - How do you lie this speech? - I lie it very much and

26、it can _ me _ to achieve my dream.A. cheer; up B. connect; with C. let; down D. tae; up7. On my way home, I saw a granny（奶奶） fall down. I offered help first and then _ the police.A. called up B. cared for C. cheered up D. found out 答案：基础巩固：1-6 DADCCB专项提升：1. to put 2. to be 3. to care 4. to discuss 5

27、. learn 6. to reduce 7. to try 8. to go 9. to be 10. not to tell能力提升：1-5 ACBBC 6-7 AAUnit 3 重点语法教学目标：掌握Could you please.?句型的用法Could you please.?句型( 1 ) 请求别人帮忙做某事时通常用此句型，也可以说：Can you .please? 情态动词could或can 在这里均表示请求，在意思上无区别，但是用could比can在语气上更显得委婉、客气、诚恳。在日常生活中常使用Could you / I.? 若在句末加上please，则显得更礼貌。Could

28、 you please help me find my boo, please?你能帮我找到我的书吗？( 2 ) 对Could you / I.?的问句做出肯定回答，常用“Sure/Certainly/Of course.”等；如果做否定回答，常用“Sorry./ Oh, please dont.”一般不用no开头，用no显得语气生硬、不礼貌。-Could you give me a bottle of orange juice, please?-Sure. Here you are.- Could you carry the bo for me?- Sorry, I cant. Im bus

29、y now.( 3 ) 表示请求的其他句式：Would you please lie to do sth.?Would you mind doing sth.?Lets do sth.Shall I / we do sth.?Please do sth. 典型例题基础巩固1. - Hi, Jac! Could you come to our English party? - Sorry, I _. I have to loo after my little sister at home.A. must B. could C. cant2. - Jeff, could you tell me h

30、ow to order a tai through “Didi”? - _.A. Youre welcome B. Sure C. Tae it easy D. It doesnt matter3. - Could I borrow your bie please? - _.A. Of course you can B. It doesnt matter C.Yes, Id love to D. No, than you4. - Could you please sweep the floor? Im going to coo dinner? - _. Ill do it at once, M

31、om.5. - Could I use your pencil for a moment, please? - _.A. Sure B. Really C. Right D. It doesnt matter专项提升 用cant , could, must 与have to填空6. - _ you lend me some money? - Sure. How much do you need?7. - _ you please clean the living room、 - Sorry, I _. I _ do my homewor now.8. Li Yundi _ play the p

32、iano very well then he was 7 years old.9. - Could I go out for dinner、 - No，you _ do your homewor.10. - What about seeing a new film this evening? - I am afraid I _. I _ finish my math eercises this evening.答案：1-5 CBADA 6. Could 7. Could; cant; have to/ must 8. could 9. have to / must 10. cant; have

33、 to/ mustUnit 4 重点语法教学目标：掌握表达建议的常考句型。掌握连词until, so that及although引导的状语从句的用法1. 提建议的常用表达( 1 ) 常用表达 Why dont you do sth.? 相当于Why not do sth.? 意为“你为什么不做某事呢？”。Why dont you tal to your parents? = Why not tal to your parents? What/ How about ( doing ) sth.? 意为“（做）某事怎么样/ 好吗？”。What/ How about having dinner wi

34、th me? Lets do sth. 意为“咱们做某事吧”。Lets mae a birthday card for her. You should ( not ) do sth. 意为“你（不）应该做某事”。You should ( not ) do more eercise. Youd better ( not ) do sth. 意为“你最好（不）做某事”。Youd better ( not ) go out. Would you lie sth. / to do sth.? 意为“你想要某物/ 做某事吗”。Would you lie to have a try? You could

35、do sth. 意为“你可以做某事”。You could write to her.( 2 ) 常用答语肯定回答Good idea! / Thats a good idea! O. / All right. / Great. / Yes. Please./ Id love to.No problem./ Sounds good/ great./ I agree with you.否定回答I dont thin so.Id love/ lie to, but I have to.That sounds boringIm afraidSorry, I cant./ Sorry, but.2. 连词

36、until, so that及although引导的状语从句( 1 ) not. until.的用法until意为“直到.”。单独使用时，until和till通常可以互换使用，但要注意的是till一般只用于句中，而until即可以放在句首，也可以放在句末。The noise of the street didnt stop until midnight.He lived with his parents until/ till he graduated from college.注意： 当主句的动词为非延续性动词时，要用not.until.结构；当主句的动词为延续性动词时，可用till 或un

37、til。( 2 ) so that引导的目的或结果状语从句 so that意为“以便”，引导目的状语从句时，一般放在主句后，且不用逗号隔开。目的状语从句表示动机（即一种可能性），而非事实。因此，从句中常含有can, will, could, would, should等情态动词。He too a tai so that he could get there earlier. so that意为“以致于；结果”，引导结果状语从句，陈述的是客观事实，常常不带情态动词。I studied English hard so that I passed the English eam.( 3 ) alth

38、ough conj. 虽然 做连词时，although和though通常可以相互转换。Although/ though she smiled, she was angry. although 常放在从句的开头，当用连接词语或短语时，though更为常用且位置灵活，不仅局限在开头。Wiser though poorer 尽管穷一些但更有头脑 以下情况只用though。a. 与even连用时用though表示强调，这里的even though = even if，意为“即使.也.”。b. 当让步状语从句指某种假设情况时，通常用though，而不用although。Though all the wo

39、rld were against me, I should still hold to my opinion.就算全世界都反对我，我还是坚持我的观点。c. Though可以独立用作副词，常放在句末，意为“还是，仍然，可是，然而”.Its hard wor. I enjoy it, though. though引导让步状语从句时可以倒装，而although引导的让步状语从句则不能。Bravely though they fought, they had no chance of winning.注意：although和though在句中不能与but连用，但可与副词yet连用。即句中用了altho

40、ugh或though就不能再使用but了。Although it was so cold, he went out without an overcoat.基础练习1. - _ invite Tom and Sally to the party tonight? -Good idea. Ill give them a call right now.A. Why B. Why not C. What about2. - We can invite Nic and Nora to Shanghai Disneyland with us. - _? Ill give them a call righ

41、t now.A. Why not B. What for C. Why D. What3. The group had to wait _ after 12 to chec in at the hotel.A. from B. until C. for D. at4. The little boy is saving every coin _ he can buy his mother a present on Mothers Day.A. even if B. so that C. as soon as5. “A white elephant” means something that is

42、 useless, _ it may cost a lot of money.A. unless B. until C. since D. although6. - Did you win the game yesterday? - Not really. _ we all tried our best, we lost it.A. If B. Though C. Unless专项提升用适当的连词填空1. _ they may not succeed, they will try their best.2. He will come here right away _ he hears the

43、 news.3. Tom new nothing about it _ his sister told him.4. The teacher speas very loudly _ all the students can hear her.5. We can easily become unhappy _ we wor out our problems in our daily life.能力提升1. - What a fine day! Lets go fishing. -_. When shall we go?A. Very well B. Good idea C. Well done D. My pleasure2. -How do you lie your new school, ate? -It is very clean and beautiful _ it is a bit small.A. if B. since C. unless D. although3. I didnt accept his help _ I wanted to try it myself.A. because B. though C. until D. unless4. I looed through my test paper again and again _