人教版中考英语语法专题—非谓语动词教案(共5页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上人教版中考英语专题非谓语动词教案【学习目标】1.掌握动名词的构成和句法功能2.掌握动词不定式的构成和句法功能3.掌握情态动词的意义【重难点】1非谓语的固定用法2情态动词的易混点非谓语动词1. Would you mind _ in the dining hall? Of course not. A. not to smokeB. not smokingC. smokeD. not smoke2. Students should learn how problems. A. solveB. solvingC. can solveD. to solve3. My pare

2、nts often tell me too much junk food because its bad for my health.A. not eatingB. not to eatC. eatingD. to eat4. Shes not strong enough _ walking up mountains.A. to goB. goingC. goD. went5. He lost his keyIt made him in the cold to wait for his wifes returnA. to stayB. stayedC. staysD. stay 构成：（to）

3、+动词原形 动词不定式非 在句中的作用（除谓语动词外的任何成分）谓 构成：V.-ing 语 动名词动 用法（主、宾、表、定）词 构成：V. -ing / V.-ed（规则变化） 分词 用法（表、补、定、状）（一）动名词一、动名词的构成：动名词一般由“动词原形+ing”构成 二、动名词的句法功能功能例句说明主语Eating too much is bad for your health.吃得太多对你的健康有害。谓语动词用单数形式。宾语 动词宾语 介词宾语I like playing basketball very much.我非常喜欢打篮球。Stamps are used for sending

4、 letters.邮票是被用来寄信的。表示一般的习惯或抽象行为或经常性的动作。表语His hobby is collecting stamps.=Collecting stamps is his hobby.多数情况下，动名词作表语可转化成作主语。定语She is in the reading room.她在阅览室。We should improve our teaching methods.我们应该改进教学方法。只表明它所修饰的词的用途、所属关系等。置于所修饰词之前。注意：英语中有一些词后面常跟动名词作宾语。我们初中阶段常见的有：finish, mind, be worth, be busy

5、, practice, have fun, have trouble/problem（in）, spend.（in）, feel like, be used to（习惯于）, give up, keep on, consider, suggest, cant help。我们可按下面的顺口溜记忆这些词。 完成实践值得忙（finish, practice, be worth, be busy） 继续习惯别放弃（keep on, be used to, give up） 考虑建议不禁想（consider, suggest, cant help, feel like）喜欢思念要介意（enjoy, mi

6、ss, mind）【例1】 What about a rest? Lets go for a walk. A. to takeB. takeC. takingD. taken【例2】Our English teacher often says to us, “ English well is very important”. A. LearnB. LearningC. LearnedD. To learning【例3】 Would you like camping with me? Id like to. But Im busy my homework. A. to go; to doB. t

7、o go; doingC. going; to doD. going; doing【例4】 How is your grandma? Shes fine. She used to TV at home after supper. But now she is used to out for a walk.A. watch; goB. watching; goC. watching; goingD. watch; going【例5】Seeing their teacher _ into the classroom, they stopped _ at once.A. walk; tellingB

8、. entering; to speakC. enter; to tellD. walking; talking （二）动词不定式一、 动词不定式的构成不定式的基本形式为：to+动词原形，有时可以不用to，这里的to 是不定式符号，本身无词义，动词不定式的否定形式是not+（to+）动词原形。二、 动词不定式的句法功能功能例句说明主语To speak English is not easy for us=It is not easy for us to speak English. 讲英语对我们来说不容易。作主语用的不定式，常常用it作形式主语，而把不定式放在后面。表语My work is t

9、o clean the room everyday.=To clean the room every day is my work. 我的工作就是每天打扫这间屋子。多数情况下，不定式作表语，可转换作为主语。宾语What sports does he like to play?他喜欢做什么运动？He likes to play basketball.他喜欢打篮球。只能做某些动词的宾语，一般不作介词的宾语。宾补My mother made me play the piano all the time. 我妈妈让我一直弹钢琴。在make，let，see，hear，watch等使役、感官动词后，不定式

10、省略to。定语Have you got anything to say? 你有要说的吗？不定式作定语，要放在所修饰词的后面。状语Im sorry to trouble you.（表原因）很抱歉，给你添麻烦了。I went to the library to study English.（表目的）不定式作状语，其逻辑主语要和句子的主语一致。1. 不定式作主语 动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末其结构为：It+be+adj.（+ for/ of sb.）+动词不定式如：To learn English well is useful. It is useful to le

11、arn English well. Its important for us to protect the environment. 注意：在kind，good，nice，clever等表示人的品质的形容词后，不用for而用of。如： Its very kind of you to help me. 你帮助我真是太好啦。 Its very clever of you to do like that. 你那样做真是太聪明啦。2. 不定式作宾语 有些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的，如： would like, like, want, wish, hope, de

12、cide, plan, expect等。如： Would you like to see a film this evening? 你今晚想去看电影吗？ 在find, think后跟不定式作宾语时，常用it代替，而将真正的宾语放在后面。如： I find it easy to read English every day. 常见的一些不带to的动词不定式Why not do., Why dont you do., had better（not）do., would rather do, could/would/will you please（not）do.I would rather stay

13、 in the room.我宁愿待在房间里。3. 不定式作宾语补足语 不定式作宾语补足语时与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。如： Lucy asked him to turn down the radio. 露西让他关小收音机。 tell, ask, want, allow, get, would like, encourage后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。如： My mother encourages me to learn Japanese. 我妈妈鼓励我学日语。 注意：还有一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补，这时不定式要省略to。这些动词有：一感（feel）、二听（hear, listen

14、to）、三让（let, make, have）、四看（look at, see, watch, notice）。但变被动语态时，必须加上to。如： My friends were made to work the whole night by the boss. 老板让我的朋友们工作了一整夜。4. 不定式作定语 不定式作定语时，应放在名词之后。它与名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。 如果是不及物动词，且与所修饰的词之间有动宾关系，要在不定式后加上适当的介词。 There is nothing to worry about. 没有什么可担心的。5. 不定式常和疑问词what, which, when, w

15、here, how连用，相当于一个宾语从句。如： The teacher is telling the students what to do. 老师正告诉学生们做什么。He didnt know where to go. 他不知道去哪里。【例6】 Excuse me. Could you please tell me _ my car? Sure. Park it right here. Ill help you. A. how to stopB. where to parkC. where to stopD. when to park【例7】 Im new here. Dont worry

16、. Ill do what I can _ you. A. helpB. to helpC. inviteD. to invite【例8】When you move somewhere new, the first thing for you is to find a place . A. to liveB. living inC. to live inD. to living【例9】 I will go to Harbin for my summer vacation. What about you? I havent decided where _. A. goB. wentC. goin

17、gD. to go【例10】Tom，would you please _ the box? Its for your sister. A. not openB. dont openC. not to openD. to not open下列词接动名词和不定式均可，但意义不同的动词：stop to do 停下来去做 stop doing 停止做forget to do 忘记要做 forget doing 忘记做过remember to do 记得要做 remember doing 记得做过regret to do 遗憾要做 regret doing 后悔做过try to do 企图做，尽力做 t

18、ry doing 试着做go on to do 继续做（另一件事） go on doing 继续做（同一件事）mean to do 打算做 mean doing 意味做非谓语动词练习1. Jessicas parents always encourage her _ out her opinions. A. speakB. speakingC. to speakD. will speak2. The Greens used to live in London and now they _ in Beijing. A. used to liveB. are used to liveC. are

19、used to living D. are used for living3. What are you going to do when you grow up? A singer, but my parents wish me _ a teacher.A. amB. to beC. will beD. be4. I always tell my students _ on the road because its really dangerous. A. not to playB. to play notC. not playingD. not play5. He promised _ h

20、is old friend during his stay in Tianjin. A. seeB. seeingC. sawD. to see6. When I walked past the park, I saw some old people _ Chinese Taiji. A. doB. didC. doingD. are doing7. Im sleepy. I prefer _ at home to going out for a walk. A. sleepingB. to sleepC. sleptD. sleep8. At times, parents find it d

21、ifficult _ with their teenage children. A. talkB. talkedC. talkingD. to talk9. You look too tired. Why not a rest? A. stop to haveB. to stop havingC. stop having10. What a heavy rain! So it is. I prefer rather than on such a rainy day. A. to go out; stay at homeB. to stay at home; go outC. going out

22、; stay at homeD. staying at home ; go out11. Driving less, walking more is good for our health. So Id rather an hours walk to work than consider a car.A. take, driveB. take, to driveC. take, driving D. taking, driving12. The boy is often heard in the music room. He sings very well. A. practice singi

23、ngB. to practice singingC. practiced singing13. Why not your teacher for help when you cant finish _ the story by yourself. A. to ask; writeB. to ask; writingC. ask; writingD. asking; to write14. I dont know next. Youd better finish your homework first.A. what to doB. how to doC. when to do15. It is reported that it would take a person 21 days _ a good habit. A. getting intoB. get intoC. to get into专心-专注-专业