冠词完整学案(共9页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上专心-专注-专业第1讲 不定冠词a，an 的基本用法考点1. a, an 的选择用a还是用an, 关键是看该单词音标中第一个音素是元音音素还是辅音音素。There is _ “u” in the word “use”. 这里用a。因为字母u的读音为ju，j为辅音音素。在26个字母前：用a的有14个：b, c, d, g, j, k, p, q, t, u, v, w, y, z；用an的有12个：a, e, i, o; f, l, m, n, s, x; h, r 。分类记为： 元音字母（4个）：a, e, i, o 字母读音中第一个音素为 e（6个）： f ef,

2、l el, m em, n en, s es, x eks 字母读音中第一个音素为 eI（1个）：h eItS 字母读音中第一个音素为 A (1个)：r A an honest boy an hour an honor _ “M” _ “N” _ “L”(an) _ ugly man (an) _ university student(a) _ European car (a) _ 800-word-long composition(an) _180-metre-long road (a)1. Mr. Taylor has _ 8-year-old daughter who is _ girl

3、 for painting she has won two nation prizes.A. a; aB. an; theC. an; aD. the; a2. Susan, _ university student from Europe, teaches me _ art in her spare time.A. an; /B. a; theC. a; /D. an; the3. A little boy wrote _ “U” and _ “n” on the wall.A. a; anB. an; aC. an; anD. a; a4. Now he is _ artist. I ha

4、ve known him since he was _ one-year-old boy.A. a; anB. a; aC. an; anD. an; a5. 【2004浙江】The Wilsons live in _ A-shaped house near the coast. It is _ 17th century cottage.A. the; /B. an; theC. /; theD. an; a 考点2. a/an有表示“每一个”之意，这时不能用one 替换6. The train is running fifty miles _.A. an hourB. one hourC.

5、the hourD. a hour7. The new D-type trains can run at speeds of 200 to 250 kilometers _ hour. The trip from Shanghai to Beijing only takes 10 hours now. A. aB. anC. theD. /考点3. help, success, honor, must, wonder, failure, wonder表示具体意义时抽象名词前一般不用任何冠词，但表示具体意义的“的人或事”时是可数名词，其前用不定冠词。如：This book is a great

6、success.He is a success as a writer.He is a great help to me.This dictionary is a great help.8. Mr. Smith told us that _ gold medal his son had got was considered _ great honor to the whole family.A. the; /B. the; aC. a; aD. a; the9. Dont you think it _ surprise that a German cannot speak _ German l

7、anguage?A. /; theB. a; theC. a; /D. /; the10. 【2007福建】How about _ Christmas evening party? I should say it was _ success.A. a; a B. the; aC. a; /D. the; /11. 【2007浙江】I like _ color of your skirt. It is _ good match for your blouse. A. a; the B. a; aC. the; aD. the; the12. 【2012山东】Being able to affor

8、d _ drink would be _ comfort in those tough times. A. the; theB. a; aC. a; /D. /; a 13. _ on-going division between English-speaking Canadians and French-speaking Canadians is _ major concern of the country.A. The; /B. The; aC. An; theD. An; /考点4. 用在某些物质名词或抽象名词前表示“一种、一类、一份、一场、一阵”如：Thats a green tea.

9、 那是一种绿茶。They were caught in a heavy rain. 他们淋了一场大雨。Its a great pleasure to have a talk with you.14. What would you like, sir? _.A. Two cups coffeeB. Two cups of coffeesC. Two coffees D. Two cup of coffees考点5. 用在一些专有名词和一些本身前面要用定冠词的名词前，表示某一方面In four minutes he was met by an anxious Miss Cramb.四分钟之后，焦急

10、的克朗姆小姐向他迎来。不定冠词用于专有名词前，表示某个时期或具有某种特征的人或物。此时，专有名词常有前置修饰性定语。再如：She is now a different Miss Nancy from what she was when she was my neighbor.她现在已不是与我为邻时的那个南希小姐了。15. 【2010江苏】The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that _ people from all walks of life are working hard for _ new Jiangsu.A. /;

11、aB. /;theC. the; aD. the; the 16. 【2009安徽】We can never expect _ bluer sky unless we create _ less polluted world. A. a; aB. a; theC. the; aD. the; the考点6. 用在人名或星期前，表示“某一”， 相当于a certain不定冠词用于人名或星期几之前，表示说话者对所谈及的人或时间把握不大，不知道到底是谁或哪个星期几。此时的不定冠词相当于one或a certain。17. Can I speak to Mr. Green?Sorry. There is

12、nt _ Mr. Smith here.A. /B. aC. theD. an18. 【2005山东】I know _ John Lennon, but not _ famous one . A. /; aB. a; theC. /; theD. the; a19. 【2005 湖南】 I cant remember when exactly the Robinsons left _ city. I only remember it was _ Monday.A. The; theB. a; theC. a; aD. the; a考点7. 用在人名、地名等前面，相当于汉语中的“借代”修辞手法H

13、e is a Shakespeare in his dramatic skill.在戏剧技巧方面他可以说是莎翁再世。用于人名、地名、书名之前，表示所提及的人或物与专有名词所指的人或物具有相同的性质。20. 【2011浙江】 Experts think that _ recently discovered painting may be _ Picasso. A. the; /B. a; theC. a; /D. the; a 考点8. be of an (a) age /size /height /shape /color /weight /type /price等表示“相同的”Those w

14、indows are of a size. 这些窗户大小相同。Those windows are of the same size.They are nearly of an age. 他们基本同龄。They are nearly of the same age.21. These two Christmas trees are of _size, but the one they bought yesterday is maybe twice _size of them.A. the; theB. a; theC. a; aD. the; a第2讲 定冠词the 的基本用法考点1. 与序数词

15、和最高级连用在表达“一年级”时，我们可以说：Grade One或the first grade。可以看出：用基数词表示名称时，基数词放在名词后面，名词前面不用冠词，且名词和基数词都要大写；用序数词表示名称时，序数词放在名词前面，序数词前要用冠词，序数词和名词都小写。1. 【1999全国】Paper money was in _ use in China when Marco Polo visited the country in _ thirteenth century. A. the; /B. the; theC./; theD. /; /2. He is a student of _.A.

16、 class FirstB. the class one C. Class OneD. First Class3. We were so late getting to the theatre that we missed most of _.A. the act firstB. Act OneC. act firstD. first act4. He lived in _.A. the room 105B. the 105 roomC. the 105 of the room D. Room 105考点2. 表示乐器类名词前用定冠词球类、棋类等运动类名词前不用冠词, 而乐器类名称前要用定冠词

17、。有人想了这个办法，“搞体育的人总是衣冠不齐（没有冠词），而搞音乐的人衣冠整齐（有冠词）。5. Tina，could you please play _ piano for me while Im singing？With pleasure.A. aB. anC. theD. /6. He can play almost every kind of music instrument but he is good _.A. at the fluteB. at fluteC. at a flute D. at that flute考点3. 与形容词或分词连用, 指一类人the poor the r

18、ich the oldthe young the wounded the uneducatedthe injured the Chinese the Japanese有时也可表示具体的某个或某些。如：The wounded was a young boy.7. He wrote _ song, which turned out to be rather popular with _ young.A. the; theB. a; /C. a; theD. the; /8. The investigators found that more should be done for _ in Indi

19、a.A. those poorB. a poorC. poorD. the poor9. The young nurse is kind to _ ill in the hospital.A. aB. anC. /D. the10. The living carried away the dead and the healthy helped _. A. the illB. the woundedC. the braveD. the rich考点4. 与姓氏复数名词连用, 表示某某一家人，或某某夫妇The Whites are chatting. 怀特一家人正在聊天.11. _ usually

20、 go to church every Sunday.A. The BrownB. A BrownC. BrownsD. The Browns12. 【1998上海】Who did you spend last weekend with? _. A. PalmersB. The Palmers C. The PalmersD. The Palmers考点5. 由两个以上的普通名词组成的专有名称，一般要用定冠词沙漠河流与群山，列岛海峡与海湾, 阶级党派国家名，组织团体与机关。（可以概括为“政党定江山”，也就是说表示“政党”和“江山”一类的前面要用“定”冠词。有点琐碎，也可不记，仅用来参考。）注意

21、：the 与山脉名词连用; 在表示山或山峰的名词前一般不用冠词, 如Mount Tai 。但是在山脉的复数之前需要加the。如: the Alps （阿尔卑斯山）江河海洋：the Changjiang River, the Suez Canal, the Pacific Ocean山脉群岛：the Tianshan Mountains, the Alps, the Zhoushan Archipelago海峡海湾：the English Channel, the Taiwan Straits国名：the United States, the United Kingdom, the People

22、s Republic of China组织：the United Nations, the Ministry of Education, the No.2 Army Medical College建筑物：the National Gallery, the Peace Hotel, the Workers Gymnasium报纸、期刊：The Washington Post, the Daily Mail标牌：the No.10 bus但：街道、广场、公园、车站机场、桥梁、大学等一般不用定冠词。（可以概括为“城市设施”类。）街道：Nanjing Road, Fleet Street广场：Tian

23、anmen Square, Times Square公园：Beihai Park, Hyde Park车站、机场、桥梁：Paddington Station, Kennedy Airport, Golden Gate Bridge大学：Qinghua University, Yale University13. They sailed along _ Yellow River for two weeks before they arrived _ home.A. /; /B. the; /C. the; theD. /; the14. 【2011陕西】As is know to all, _

24、Peoples Republic of China is _ biggest developing country in the world. A. the; / B. /; theC. the; the D. /; /15. From the top of _ Empire State Building, you could see up to _ distance of 130 kilometers on a clear day.A. the; theB. /; aC. an; theD. the; a16. 【2013陕西】Marco Polo is said to have saile

25、d on _ Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in _ thirteenth century.A. the; a B. a; / C. /; theD. the; the考点6. 用在年代、朝代、时代名词前the Tang Dynasty, the Spring and Autumn Period, in the 1870s 在19世纪70年代注意：in modern times, in the old days17. 【2012四川】We are said to be living in _ Information Age, _ time of new di

26、scoveries and great changes.A. an; theB. /; theC. /; aD. the; a 18. Scientists hope to send an expedition to Mars during _.A. the 1990sB. the 1990C. 1990sD. 1990s考点7. 用在“by + the+单位名词”结构中, 表示 “以单位计”The apples are sold by the kilo. 这些苹果按公斤卖。The workers are paid by the hour. 这些工人的工资是按小时计算的。19. Apples

27、are usually sold by _ weight, and eggs are sometimes sold by _ dozen.A. the; theB. /; aC. /; theD. the; a20. How did you pay the workers?As a rule, they are paid _.A. by an yourB. by the hour C. by a hourD. by hours21. 【2011江西】Its said John will be in a job paying over $60,000 _ year.Right, he will

28、also get paid by _ week.A. the; theB. a; theC. the; aD. a; a考点8. hit/ strike /pull /seize /lead /catch+ sb. + by +the +部位The stone hit him in the face. I hit Tom on the nose/shoulder/head.He struck the thief in the eyes/face. She led the cow by the nose. I seized her by the hand/hair.22. He grabbed

29、me _ and pulled me onto the bus.A. a armB. an armC. the armD. by the arm23. I didnt know why he looked angry when I patted him _.A. on the headB. on head C. on a headD. on his head24. A bullet hit the soldier and he was wounded in _ leg. A. aB. oneC. theD. his25. 【2008浙江】 _ apple fell from the tree

30、and hit him on _ head.A. An; theB. The; theC. An; /D. The; /考点9. 表示方向的词前面用定冠词, 如：on the left, in the south26. The DMZ extends about two hundred kilometers _.A. from east to westB. from the east to westC. from the east to the westD. from eastern to western链接： the + 比较级，用于两者He is the taller of the two

31、 soldiers. 第3讲 不用冠词的情况考点1. 季节、月份、星期、节日、假日和三餐前一般不加冠词Childrens Day falls on June 1. 6月1日是儿童节。Spring comes after Winter. 冬去春来。注意：1. 中国节日，如：the Mid-Autumn Festival , the Spring Festival，the Dragon Boat Festival, the Lantern Festival等前要用冠词。 2. 如果季节、月份、星期和三餐有定语修饰时, 就要加冠词。比较：have breakfast与 have a light/bi

32、g/heavy breakfast, on Sunday 与on a Sunday of May。He left the city in the autumn of 2001. (答疑qq )他是在2001年的秋天离开那座城市的。1. I go to work very early. I dont usually have _ breakfast, but I always eat _ good supper.A. /; aB. /; /C. the; /D. /; the2. After _ quick breakfast I hurried to _ school.A. /; /B. a;

33、 /C. the; theD. the; /3. I came here in _ autumn of 2008.A. oneB. aC. anD. the4. The children all had a good time on _ Childrens Day.A. the B. theirC. aD. /考点2. 不可数名词泛指时考点3. Water is important to our life. 水对于我们的生活很重要。考点4. 球类、棋类名词前不加冠词He likes playing football/chess. 注意, 弹奏乐器要用the。如：He is playing th

34、e piano /the guitar.5. He likes playing _ piano, he doesnt like playing _ football.A. the; theB. the; /C. /; theD. /; /考点5. by+名词表示交通方式时，名词前不要冠词，名词也不用复数by car by bus by bike by train by air by sea by land （但by turns用复数）6. 【2005 全国】 If you go by _ train , you can have quite a comfortable journey, but

35、 make sure you get _ fast one.A. the; theB. /; aC. the; aD. /; /7. Mr. Black will go back to England _.A. by airB. by a planeC. by trainsD. at a train8. 【2008江苏】 We went right round to the west coast by _ sea instead of driving across _ continent.A. the; the B. /; theC. the; /D. /; /9. She went to _

36、 town on _ foot.A. the; aB. /; /C. /; theD. the; the考点6. 称呼语或表示头衔、职务的名词作表语、补语或同位语时, 一般不加冠词We elected him president of our university.Lincoln was elected President of the USA.The Vice-president was murdered.10. He was elected _ president of the USA. A. /B. oneC. aD. the11. Under no circumstances will

37、 there be wage control while I am _ of the government. A. the headB. a headC. headD. that head12. 【2011四川】Dr. Peter Spence, _ headmaster of the school, told us, “_ fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge. ”A. /; AB. /; TheC. the; TheD. a; A13. 【2012重庆】Sam has been appointed _ man

38、ager of the engineering department to take _ place of George.A. /; /B. the; /C. the; theD. /; the考点7. turn后跟名词表示“成为”时名词前不用冠词He wanted to turn teacher when he was a boy.14. His dream was to turn _ doctor. A. /B. theC. aD. one15. Dont lose heart. If you lose heart, you will not _ a successful engineer

39、.A. turnB. learnC. haveD. make考点8. kind of/sort of等表示种类时，后面名词前不用冠词kind (sort) of后面常跟单数可数名词和不可数名词（且名词前通常不用冠词）。如：I only like this kind/sort of flower /bread. 我只喜欢这种花(面包)。 What kind /sort of poem do you like best? 你最喜欢什么样的诗?注：在口语或非正式文体中有时也可在kind /sort of后接复数名词。如：What kind/sort of pictures do you like b

40、est? 你最喜欢什么样的图画?16. What _ are you planning to buy?A. make（型号）of carB. make of the car C. make of a carD. make of cars考点9. 在一些成对出现的短语中，如：day and night,young and old等，名词前不用冠词 常见的有：arm in arm, hand in hand, day after day, from door to door, from beginning to end, from morning till night等。She did exper

41、iment after experiment. 她做了一个又一个实验。English learners, old and young, gather at regular time to practice their spoken English.英语学习者，老老少少会定期聚在一起练习口语。17. The farmers went on working, _.A. hours after hoursB. a hour after a hour C. an hour after an hourD. hour after hour18. The students went out of the r

42、oom _.A. one by twoB. one by oneC. two by anotherD. one by the other 考点10. 常考的几类不可数名词I. 学科名词是不可数名词Do you study mathematics? 你学数学吗?19. She is _ newcomer to _ chemistry, but she has already made some important discoveries. A. the; theB. the; /C. a; /D. a; the20. 【2012安徽】Carl is studying _ food science

43、 at college and hopes to open up _ meat processing factory of his own one day.A. /; aB. /; theC. the; aD. the; theII. 表示疾病的名词前一般不用冠词21. According to _ review of 44 students, American researchers found that men and women who ate six key foods daily cut the risk of _ heart disease by 76%.A. a; theB. t

44、he; aC. a; /D. /; aIII. man 意为“人类”, word 意为“消息”，space意为“太空”时，其前不用冠词22. _ word comes that China has won the FIFA World Cup.A. /B. OneC. AD. The23. He left _ with my secretary that he would call again in the afternoon. He said he would keep _.A. words; his wordsB. word; his word C. word; wordD. the word; his words24. Swimming is _ in summer.A. a gre