初中英语完整不定代词的用法讲解及练习题(共9页).doc

《初中英语完整不定代词的用法讲解及练习题(共9页).doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《初中英语完整不定代词的用法讲解及练习题(共9页).doc（9页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上不定代词的用法1. some，any(1) some多用于肯定句，修饰复数可数名词和不可数名词，作“一些”解。它还可修饰单数可数名词，作“某一”解。如：H-5 avian influenza first broke out in some Asian countries.H-5型禽流感首先在亚洲爆发。Some people are early risers. 有些人起得很早。(2) any通常用于否定句、疑问句或条件句，修饰单数或复数可数名词以及不可数名词。If there are any new magazines in the library, take some

2、 for me.图书馆如果来了新杂志，替我借几本。Are there any stamps in the drawer? 抽屉里有邮票吗？Is there any money with you? 你身上带钱了吗？(3) any还可以用于肯定句，作“任何的”解。You can come here any time. 你什么时候来都行。You can get it at any shop. 你可以在任何一家商店买到它。2. either，both，all(1) either表示“两者中的任何一个”。Either of the brothers is selfish. 两兄弟都非常自私。Either

3、 will do. 两个都行。(2) both“两个都”，修饰可数名词，统指两者。Tom and Jack both made some progress. 汤姆和杰克两个都有所进步。Both of them should make concessions. 他们双方都应做出让步。(3) all“全部，所有的”，修饰可数名词和不可数名词，指两个以上的人或物。All the students contributed to the fund.所有的学生都为基金会捐了款。All of the money has been spent. 钱都花完了。We are all for you. 我们都支持你

4、。Say all you know and say it without reserve. 知无不言，言无不尽。3. no，neither，none(1) no“不”，可修饰单数和复数可数名词以及不可数名词。Time and tide wait for no man. 时不我待。There are no clouds in the sky. 天上没有云。I have no money for such things. 我没钱买这些东西。(2) neither“两者中哪个都不”，其所指范围是两个人或物。Neither answer is correct. 两个答案都不对。Neither of t

5、he two countries is satisfied with the result of the talk.两个国家都不满意会谈的结果。(3) none“没有一个人或东西”，它既可指可数名词（其所指范围是两个以上的人或物），又可指不可数名词。All of the trees were cut down, and none was were. left.所有的树都被砍了，一棵也不剩。None of the students failed the examination. 没有一个学生考试不及格。None of this money is his. 这笔钱没有一点儿是他的。4. few,

6、a few，little, a little(1) few的意思是“没有几个”； a few的意思是“少数”， “几个”； 修饰可数名词； a few表示肯定意义， few表示否定意义。The problem is so difficult that few people can solve it.这个问题太难了，几乎没人能做出来。Only a few people can solve this problem. 只有几个人能解决这个问题。Few of them want to go. 他们中几乎没有人想去。A few of them want to go. 他们中有几个人想去。(2) lit

7、tle“没有多少”，a little“少量”，修饰不可数名词；a little表示肯定意义，little表示否定意义。如：There is little rainfall this spring. 今年春季雨水很少。Although it did not rain for the whole month, there is a little water in the pond.虽然整整一个月没下雨了，但池塘里还有一点水。5. many， much， most(1) many用于修饰可数名词。Many of the problems have been solved. 大部分问题已经解决了。Ma

8、ny think that the situation will change soon. 很多人认为局势会很快改变。(2) much用于修饰不可数名词。Much of the money has been spent. 这笔钱的大部分已经被花掉了。They have finished much of the work. 他们已经完成了大部分的工作。6. another，other，the other，others，the others(1) another指同类中多个东西中的“另一个” （即one more）。This watch doesnt work, I must get anothe

9、r one. 这块表坏了，我该另买一块了。He went back to work too soon，and was laid up for another three months.他回去上班过早，结果又病倒三个月。但要注意： other与物主限定词连用也可指余下的另一个或全部。如：Use your other hand. 用你的另一只手。Mary is older than me but my other sisters are younger.玛丽比我大，其余的都是我妹妹。(2) other单独使用时指其他的、另外的人或物。There must be some other reason

10、for him refusing to help. 他不予帮助一定另有原因。I saw Tom with some other fellow students. 我看见汤姆和其他一些同学在一起。(3) the otherone/ones.指同类中余下的另一个或另一些。Ill have to use our duplicate key. I lost the other one.我不得不用我们的备用钥匙了，我把那一把丢了。Where are the other students? 其他学生去哪儿了？One of the murderers was caught, but the other is

11、 still at large.一个凶手被抓住了，另一个却依然逍遥法外。(4) others是other的复数形式，指其他的、另外的人或物。We should not think only of our children, there are others to be cared for also.我们不应该只想到自己的孩子，还有别的孩子也需要照顾。Others may object to this plan. 别人可能会反对这个计划。(5) the others表示同类中余下的全部。The search party was divided into two groups. Some went

12、 to the right, the others went to the left. 搜寻小组一分为二，一部分人向右，另一部分向左。Jenny is cleverer than any of. the others in her class.珍妮比班上的其他（任何）人都聪明。7. 复合不定代词someone somebody, something, anyoneanybody, anything, no onenobody, nothing, everyone everybody, everything(1) someone, somebody某人和 something某物Someone i

13、s asking to see you. 有人要见你。Someone suggests putting off the meeting. 有人建议推迟会议。Theres something wrong with the machine. 机器出了毛病。Something strange happened last night. 昨晚发生了件奇怪的事。(2) anyone, anybody任何人和 anything任何事情Anybody can do this work. Its very simple. 这事太简单了，人人都能做。Did you meet anyone on your way

14、home? 你回家的路上碰到什么人了吗？He faltered：Is anything wrong？ 他支支唔唔地说：“有什么错吗？”He did not say anything after that. 这以后他再也没说什么。(3) no one, nobody没有人.和 nothing（没有东西）。Im not somebody. Im nobody. 我不是重要人物，我是个无名小卒。No one wants to do that. 没人愿做那种事。Nobody is absent. 没有人缺席。Thats nothing. 那没有什么。He said he knew nothing ab

15、out it. 他说他对那事一无所知。(4) everyone, everybody（每个人）和 everything（每样东西，一切事物）。She said good-bye to everyone. 她和每个人告别。Everybodys business is nobodys business. 事关大家无人管。Everything is ready for the experiment. 实验的一切都准备好了。This news means everything to us. 这个消息对我们至关重要。复合不定代词用法大盘点复合不定代词是由some-，any-，no-，every-加上-o

16、ne，-body，-thing等所组成的不定代词。复合不定代词包括 something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, no one, everything, everybody, everyone 等十二个。这些复合代词具有名词性质，在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语，但不能用作定语。使用时注意以下几点：一、复合不定代词的指代对象1、含-body和-one的复合代词只用来指人，含-body的复合不定代词与含-one的复合不定代词在功能和意义上完全相同，可以互换。只是用-body时显得较通俗些，多用于口语

17、中，用-one时显得较文雅些，更常见于正式场合及书面语中。如：Someone/Somebody is crying in the next room.有人在隔壁房间哭。No one/Nobody is stupid. 没有谁是愚蠢的。2、含-thing的复合不定代词只用来指事物。如：Are you going to buy anything?你会去买东西吗？I can hear nothing but your vioce. 我只听到了你的声音。二、复合不定代词的属格1、含-one和-body等指人的复合代词可有-s属格形式。如：Everybodys business is nobodys b

18、usiness.大家的事情没人管。Is this anybodys seat? 这儿有人坐吗？2、含-one和-body等指人的复合代词后跟else时，-s属格应加在else之后。如：Can you remember someone elses name? 你还记得其他人的姓名吗？3、含-thing等指事物的复合不定代词没有-s属格形式。三、复合不定代词的数1、复合不定代词都具有单数的含义，因此通常被看成是单数第三人称。当它们充当句子的主语时，其后的谓语动词用单数形式。如：Is everyone here today? 今天，大家都到齐了吗？Nothing is difficult if yo

19、u put your heart into it. 世上无难事，只怕有心人。2、当要对一群人讲话时，可使用以复合不定代词作主语的祈使句，句中的动词用原形。如：Nobody move！= Don anybody move！ 都别动！Everyone lie down! 统统趴下！四、复合不定代词的替代问题由于复合不定代词都具有单数的含义，所以在正规的英语中用来替代它们的代词也应该是单数形式。1、含-one和-body等指人的复合代词，其代词应该是he/she, him/her,其-s属格形式的代词应该是his/her, his/hers。如：Everyone has his/her own wo

20、rds. 每个人都有他（她）自己的说辞。但是，这样一来就会因为性别的差异而使得在代词的运用上具有不确定性，所以为了避免这种别扭的情况，我们一般都是用they/them/their/theirs,尤其是在口语中以及非正式场合下。如：No one gave you a ticket, did they? 没人给你票，是吗？Someone came in, but I didnt know who they were. 有人进来了，但我不知道是谁。2、含-thing等指事物的复合不定代词，不会因性别上的差异而使得在代词的运用上产生不确定性，因此我们就使用it。如：Something goes wro

21、ng, doesnt it?出问题了，是吗？五、复合不定代词的定语复合不定代词的定语必须后置，即放在复合不定代词的后面。如：Can you tell something interesting? 你能讲些有趣的事情吗？Is there anybody important here? 这儿有大人物吗？Would you like something to eat? 要来些吃的东西吗？六、含some-和any-的复合不定代词间的用法区别由some-和any-所构成的复合不定代词（即something和anything；someone和anyone；somebody和anybody）之间的区别跟so

22、me和any的区别一样。1、something，someone，somebody通常用于肯定句中，而anything，anyone，anybody一般用于否定句，疑问句或条件状语从句中。如： He found something strange but interesting.他发现了一些奇怪但却有趣的事情。Doyouhaveanythingtosay？你有话要说吗？I cant meetanybodyontheisland. 在岛上，我没遇见任何人。2、在表示请求、邀请、提建议等带有委婉语气的疑问句，和希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句，以及表示反问的问句中，也用something，someone

23、，somebody等复合不定代词。如:Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat？要些吃的东西吗？Isnt there something wrong with you? 难道你没问题吗？3、当anything表示“任何事（物），无论何事（物）”，anyone，anybody表示“无论谁，任何人”等意义时，它们也可以用于肯定句中。如：Anything is OK. 什么都行。Anybody knows the answer.任何人都知道答案。七、复合不定代词的否定1、“not every-”表示的是部分否定，意为“并非都，不都”。例如：Not everything will go w

24、ell. 并非一切都会那么顺利。The teacher didnt call everyones name. 老师并没有点所有人的名。2、“not any-”和no-均表示全否定。例如：He listened, but heard nothing.他听了听，但什么也没听到。= He listened, but didnt hear anything.You havent called anyone/anybody up, have you? 你没给谁打过电话，是吗？= You have called no one/nobody up, have you?八、复合不定代词作名词复合不定代词可以充

25、当名词用，表示“的事情（东西或人）”。1、someone/somebody, anyone/anybody的意义是“重要人物，大人物”，everyone/everybody意为“最重要的人”，no one/nobody则意指“无关紧要的人，小人物”。例如：2、something，anything的意义是“重要事情（东西）”，everything表示“最重要的事情（东西）”，nothing则指“毫无趣味的事情，无关紧要的东西”。九、合与分的区别问题1、 someone，anyone，everyone都只能指人，且不和介词of连用；some one，any one，every one则既可指人又可

26、指物，可与介词of连用。例如：Anyone should be polite to every one of them.任何人都要礼貌对待他们中的每一个人。-Which toy would you like? -Any one is OK. -你要那个玩具？-随便。2、no one（=nobody）“没有人”，只用来指人，通常不和介词of连用；none“没有一个”，既可以用来指人也可用来指物。例如：No one can do it better. 没有人能做得更好。None of these questions is easy, and none of us can even answer a

27、ny one of them.这些问题没有一个是容易的，我们中没有一个人能答出其中的一题。回答who引导的特殊疑问句时用no one；回答how many引导的特殊疑问句时用none。例如：-Who was late ? -No one. -谁迟到了？-谁也没有迟到。-How many pigs do you keep? -None. -你养几头猪？-一头也没养。不定代词专项练习1He cant hear you, because there is _ noise hereAvery muchBtoo muchCmuch tooDso many2_ name is Han Meimai. AH

28、erselfBHersCSheDHer3All of us were invited, but _ of us cameAneitherBnoneCboth4The weather in Shanghai is different from _ ABaotouBBaotou weatherCthat in BaotouDthose of Baotou5There isnt _ water in the cup.AanyBmanyCsomeDthe6-Is this _ pen? -No, _ is on my desk.Ayour; myByours; myCyour; mineDyours;

29、 mine7The bottle is empty. There is _ in it.AanythingBsomethingCnothing8-Look! We have _ sugar. -Really? Lets go and buy some.AfewBa fewClittleDa little9There isnt _ milk in the fridge. Youd better buy some.AnoBanyCsome10-“There isnt _ water here. Could you get _ for me?”-“All ringht.”Asome; someBan

30、y; anyCsome; anyDany; some11Today, _ trees are still being cut down somewhere in the world.Amuch tooBtoo muchCmany tooDtoo many12There are lots of English books here, and _ of them is easy to understand.AbothBallCeveryDeach13Is the shirt on the bed _ ?AyoursByourCyou14Mr Green taught _ English last

31、year.AourBweCus15These sweaters are too small for me. Please show me _ one.AotherBothersCthe othersDanother16Mary cant go with us. _ has to look after _ mother at home.AShe; hisBShe; herCHe; herDHe; His17There isnt _ paper in the box. Will you go and get _ for me?Aany; someBany; anyCsome; someDsome;

32、 any18I often help _ .Ahe or sheBhis and herChim and herDhis and hers19There are some trees on _ side of the street.AbothBallCeitherDevery20“Which of the two dictionaries do you like better?”“I like _ , because theyre not useful.”AbothBeitherCallDneither21They were all very tired, but _ of them woul

33、d stop to take a rest.AanyBsomeCnoneDneither22There were _ people and noise in the park last Sunday.Amany; muchBmuch; muchCmuch; manyDmany; many23_ of them has a dictionary and _ one of them can look up words in the dictionary.AEach; everyBEvery; eachCEach; eachDEvery; every24Please keep together. W

34、e want _ of you to get lost.AnoneBsomeCmanyDany25There is _ water here; but there are quite _ empty glasses. Alittle; a fewBfew; littleCfew; a fewDlittle; a little26The skirt is _ . She made it _ .Ahers; herselfBher; herselfCherself; hersDherself; her27“Havent you forgotten _ ?”“ _ ,oh, I forgot my

35、bag.”Aanything; Excuse meBsomething; Excuse meCsomething; PardonDeverything; Pardon28Be quiet! I have _ to tell you.Aimportant anythingBanything importantCimportant somethingDsomething important29My father is very busy with his work. He has _ time to do the housework.AlittleBfewCa littleDa few30- _

36、of the boys in Class Four are playing games.-_.AAllBEachCThe bothDNone31The boy promised _ mother never to lie to _ again.Ahis; himBher; herCher; himDhis; her32“Would you like some milk in your tea?”“Yes, just _ .”AmuchBa littleCa fewDlittle33_ school is much larger than _ .ATheir; ourBTheir; ours C

37、Theirs; oursDTheirs; our34Put it down, Richard. You mustnt read _ letter. Aanyones elsesBanyones elseCanyone elsesDanyone else35He found _ very interesting to ride a horse. AthisBthatCitDwhich36Han Meimei, what about _ to eat?AeverythingBsomethingCnothingDanything37_ office is much smaller than _ .A

38、Ours; yours BOur; yoursCTheirs; ourDYour; their38“Help _ to some meat, Mary,”my aunt said to me.AthemselvesBourselvesCyourselfDhimself39There are twenty teachers in this gradeEight of them are women teachers and _ are men teachers.Athe otherBthe othersCothersDother40Though they had cleaned the floor

39、, there was still _ water on it.AlittleBa littleCfewDa few 不定代词专项练习参考答案1Btoo much只能修饰不可数名词， much too 修饰形容词或副词， very much可修饰动词；many只能修饰可数名词，不能修饰不可数名词。2Dher作物主代词，意为“她的”，注意her还可作she的宾格。3B句意：“我们都接到邀请，但我们谁没来。”none是all的反义词，表示“（三者以上的）没有一个（人或物）。”4Cthat作为代词。代替主语 weather. A项错误在于Baotou与前面的主语 weather不相对应，无法比较。代

40、词that既可代替不可数名词，也可代替单数可数名词。5Aany用于疑问句和否定句，some用于肯定句。6Cyour是形容词性物主代词，只能作定语修饰名词； mine是名词性物主代词，可作主语、表语和宾语，但不能作定语。 7C空白处填nothing是与前一句的 empty相呼应、吻合的。8C从后一句“去买些糖”可知“糖不多了”。little的意思是“少”，有否定含义，只能修饰不可数名词， a little是“一点”，有肯定含义。few和a few是修饰或代替可数名词，前者否定，后者肯定。9B肯定句中用some，疑问句和否定句中用any。10D前一句是否定句，故用any ；后一句是说话者恳请别人做

41、某事，希望对方同意，并认为对方能同意，故用some。11Dtoo much只能修饰不可数名词，too many只修饰可数名词；A项只修饰形容词或副词；C项本身就是错误的。12Devery和each都作“每一个”讲，但every只能作定语；each既可作定语，还可作主语、宾语、同位语等成分。both和all作主语（代替可数名词），谓语动词应用复数。13A 14C代词作宾语应用标本宾格，us是we的宾格。15Dother意为“别的、其它的”，可修饰单数名词，也可修饰复数名词。others表示“别人”或“别的事物”，是泛指的复数概念。the other是特指的“其余的（人或物）”。another是泛

42、指的“另一个（人或物）。” 16BShe在句中作主语，故用主格，her作物主代词。 17A18C代词作宾语应用宾格。 19C此处的either可换用each； both后修饰复数名词。20D后一个分句说“没有用”，当然是“两个都不喜欢。”21C前一句说“她们都累了”，后一句说“他们都不愿停下来休息”，故填none22A“人多（many）”故然“噪音大（much）”。23Aeach可作主语，而every不能，故第一空填each。every 和each 都不可作定语，但every强调全体，而each强调“个体”，故第二空填every。24A前一句说“让大家靠近些”。后一句是说希望大家谁也不要掉队，

43、故用none。25A前一空填little，表示“水很少”第二空填a few，修饰可数名词 glasses，注意quite a few的意思是“好几个”。26A注意第二句中的herself意为“亲自”。27A乙方说“Excuse me”，是表示他正在查点他的东西。28D形容词修饰something、anything之类的复合不定代词应后置。29A“我的父亲”忙于工作，故几乎没有时间做家务，故用little30A填all，表示“所有的男孩”都在做游戏。B项的each作主语，are应改为is。C项本身就是错的，the不能放在both前。因为此句没有表示否定含义（即选none的条件），故不能选之。31

44、D句意：“那个男孩向他妈妈许诺再也不对她撒谎了。”promise sb（never） to do sth向某人许诺（永远不）做某事了。 lie to sb对某人撒谎。32Bjust a little只来一点；just a few只有几个. 33B34C此题考查else的所有格形式，else修饰复合不定代词需后置，其所有格形式是在else后加s，因此在anyone后加s是没有道理的。35Cit 做形式宾语，代替在句尾作真正宾语的不定式短语to ride a horse，very interesting是形容词短语作宾语补足语。注意此句型结构：“findit名词形容词分词to do sth”36B用something表示邀请。如用 anything则非邀请，而是单纯的询问。37B38Cyourself与后面的me相对应。39B，除了八位女教师之外的“余者（the others）”是男教师40B地板上还“有点儿（a little）水”。专心-专注-专业