导学案：被动语态(共2页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上被动语态【语言感知】将下列句子译成汉语The Great Wall was built more than 2000 years old. A new bridge is being built across the Changjiang River. The project will (is going to) be finished next month. Many trees have been planted around the lake. Old people should be taken care of/looked after. Books cant

2、 be taken out of the library.A gift was given to me on my birthday.What are the shirts made of ? Are they made of cotton? Where were they made?As far as I know, tea plants are grown on the sides of mountains.The painting isnt made from grass.【合作探究】一、英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者, 或者只需强调动作的承受者时，

3、要用被动语态.二、基本结构：be + 过去分词(PP) + (by )不同时态下的被动语态时态助动词be例句一般现在时am/is/are + PPThe student is made to stand there for half an hour. 一般过去时was/were + PPA new pen was given to her by her mother yesterday.现在进行时am/is/are being + PPA lot of things are being done by people to save the little girl now. 过去进行时was/w

4、ere being + PPThe little boy was being beaten by a tall man when I came here.现在完成时have/has been + PPHow many trees have been planted this year? 过去完成时had /been + PPOur homework had been finished before we went home.一般将来时will/shall be + PPThe play will be put on next Sunday.am/is/are going to be + PPA

5、 party is going to be held next month.过去将来时would/should be He said that the books would be put away soon.was/were going to be + PP情态动词情态动词+ be + PPThe old people should be taken care of.注意：see, watch, hear, notice, feel, make, listen to, look at等动词/短语后作宾语补语的不定式都不带to；但改成被动语态后必须带to。常用结构Be seen to do,

6、be made to do, be heard to do, be watched to do。He is often heard to play the guitar.三、主动式表被动的几种特殊情况：1.动词 (表示主语的属性特征) + 副词 (well/ badly/easily/smoothly),用主动式表被动义。 read, write, sell, wash, clean, wear, lock, open, cook, shut, dry, eat, drink, The books sell well This kind of cloth washes easily2.不定式在

7、某些形容词后作状语,且和句子的主语(或宾语)构成动宾关系时,用主动式表被动义。difficult, easy, hard, fit, pleasant, good, comfortable, light, heavy, safe,The fish is not fit to eat (eat)We find English is hard _ (learn)The article is difficult _ (understand).3.不定式作后置定语,与被修饰的名词构成动宾关系,又和该句主语(或宾语)构成主谓关系时,用主动式表被动义。I have a lot of homework _(

8、do)Ill give him some books _ (read)4.表示状态特征的连系动词+adj./n.,用主动式表被动义。 (look, sound, feel, smell, taste, prove, appear, make,.)The steel feels cold5.表示“开始、结束、运动”的动词用主动式表被动义。(begin, open, start, stop, end, finish, shut, move, run,.)The shop opens at 6 am. every day6.作“需要”讲的want/need/require后接动名词作宾语时，用主动式

9、表被动义；当然也可接不定式的被动式作宾语。Your jacket needs washing/ to be washedThe book is worth reading.【当堂检测】一、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。（110=10分）(请注意时态和语态两个方面)1.Its said(据说) that the long bridge_（build）in two months 2.Where to have the meeting _ （discuss）now 3.Which language _the most widely_（speak）in the world？ 4.The lost b

10、oy_（not find）so far 5.Last year a large number of trees_（cut）down 6. The students _ often _(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs. 7. The old man is ill. He _ (must send) to the hospital. 8. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_ (sell) in this shop. 9. What _ knives _ (make) of ? They_(make) of metal(

11、金属) and wood. 10. Can the magazine _ (take) out of the library?11. The room _ (clean) by me every day. 12. The stars cant _ (see) in the daytime. 13. Some flowers _ (water) by Li Ming already. 14. This kind of shoes _ (sell) well. 15. How long _ your uncle _(be) in the city? 16. The food _ (smell) d

12、elicious.17.We find English isnt hard _ (learn).三、按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。 1.Is tea grown in South China？（改为主动语态） _ people _ tea in South China？ 2.I am given a birthday present by my parents every year（同义句转换） A birthday present _ _ _ _by my parents every year 3.The work is going to be finished in two days. (

13、对划线提问)How_ _ the work going to be finished ? 4. The children will sing an English song. (改为被动语态) An English song _ _ _ by the children. 5. You neednt do it now. (改为被动语态) It _ _ _ by you now. 答案：一、1.will be built 2. is being discussed 3. is spoken 4. hasnt been found 5. were cut 6.are told 7. must be sent 8. are sold 9.are made , are made 10. be taken 11.is cleaned 12. be seen 13. have been watered 14. sells 15. has been 16. smells 17.to learn二、1.Do, grow 2. is given to me 3.soon is 4. will be sung 5. neednt be done 专心-专注-专业