中考语法形容词副词及比较级、最高级讲解易错题练习(共9页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上基础义务教育资料欢迎使用本资料，祝您身体健康、万事如意，阖家欢乐！愿同学们健康快乐的成长。早日为祖国的繁荣昌盛奉献自己的力量。形容词副词及比较级、最高级语法讲解一、基本概念形容词：形容词是用来修饰名词的词，一般放在所修饰的名词前面。副词：是用来说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词；一般用来修饰形容词、动词等。欢迎使用本资料，祝您身体健康、万事如意，阖家欢乐。愿同学们健康快乐的成长。早日为祖国的繁荣昌盛奉献自己的力量二、基本用法欢迎使用本资料，祝您身体健康、万事如意，阖家欢乐。愿同学们健康快乐的成长。早日为祖国的繁荣昌盛奉献自己的力量形容词：作定语：放在名词前，不定代词

2、后面；Eg. She is a good student. 她是一个好学生.欢迎使用本资料，祝您身体健康、万事如意，阖家欢乐。愿同学们健康快乐的成长。早日为祖国的繁荣昌盛奉献自己的力量 Is there anything interesting in the film? 电影里有什么有趣的内容吗？2）作表语：放在系动词之后（be feel look smell sound）欢迎使用本资料，祝您身体健康、万事如意，阖家欢乐。愿同学们健康快乐的成长。早日为祖国的繁荣昌盛奉献自己的力量Eg. His idea sounds great. 他的主意听起来很棒。3）作宾语补足语：放在宾语之后，常与mak

3、e keep leave 等动词连用。Eg. They keep the classroom clean every day. 他们每天保持教室干净。4）形容词的名词化定冠词the+(good、rich、poor、old、dead.),表一类人副词：1、分类：时间副词、地点副词、方式副词（形容词+ly）、程度副词、疑问副词等的用法；2、用法1）修饰形容词：very good, quite expensive2）修饰动词，放在后面，作状语：laugh happily3）修饰其他副词或句子：very quickly, Unluckily, he missed the train.形容词变副词：形容

4、词+ly=副词（friendly、lonely、lovely、likely、daily、lively(有生机的)）特殊形容词和副词辨析：1. sick/ill 2. alone/lonely 3. hard/hardly 4. -ing形容词和-ed形容词5. too, also, either 6. much too , too much 7. Sometimes, some times, some time, sometime 8. enough 9. how long how soon how often how far 区别形容词顺序排列： 描绘形容词-大小（长短高低）形容词-形状形容

5、词-年龄（新旧）形容词-颜色形容词-国籍形容词-材料形容词-用途（类别）形容词-名词This is a nice（好看的）small（小小的）round（圆形的）new（新的）brown（褐色的）French （法国产的）oak（橡木做的）writing desk（写字台）.形容词副词比较级和最高级变化规则:1、规则变化：单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级。1)一般单音节词未尾加-er,-est: tall taller tallest；great greater greatest2)以不发音的e结尾的单音词和少数以- le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-st: ni

6、ce nicer nicest largelarger largestable ablerablest3) 以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母再加-er，-est ：Big bigger biggest; hothotter hottest4) 以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词，改y为i，再加-er，-est ：busy busier busiest ；easy easier easiest5) 少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节词未尾加-er，-estclever cleverer cleverest；narrow narrower narrowest6) 其他双音节词和多音节

7、词，在前面加more，most来构成比较级和最高级。 important - more important - most important ；easily -more easily - most easily 2、不规则变化原级比较级最高级 good/ wellbetterbestbad / illworseworstoldolder/elderoldest/eldestelder，eldest 只用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系。 much/manymoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest * farther，further

8、. 在英语中两者都可指距离。在美语中，father表示距离，further表示进一步。I have nothing further to say.比较级和最高级常见句型 1、比较级形容词： A + am / are / is + 形比 + than + B.I am taller than you. Pasta is more delicious than pizza.副词： A + 行为动词 + 副比 + than + B.Cheetahs run faster than goats. He studies better than me.2、最高级1）A + am / are / is +

9、the + 形最高级 + 比较范围（of + 人/物，in +地方）.I am the tallest in the class. Pasta is the most delicious food of the three.2）A + 行为动词 + 副词最高级 + 比较范围（of + 人/物，in + 地方）.Cheetahs run fastest in the world. It is the largest island in Europe.易错点：1）要避免重复使用比较级。 (错) He is more cleverer than his brother. (对) He is more

10、 clever than his brother. (对) He is clever than his brother.2）要避免将主语含在比较对象中。(错) China is larger than any country in Asia.(对) China is larger than any other countries in Asia.(错)Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.(对)Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.3）要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。The population of

11、Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.4）要注意冠词的使用，后有名词的时候，前面才有可能有名词。 比较：Which is large, Canada or Australia?Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?She is taller than her two sisters.She is the taller of the two sisters.比较级拓展句型：1. 在which., .

12、or.?句中，表示两者比较：Which is bigger, the sun or the moon?2. 比较级+and+比较级，越来越：Its getting darker and darker. He is getting more and more interested in sports.3. The more., the more.：越*就越*： The more you eat, the more you want. The busier he is, the happier he feels. 4. more than : He read more than ten books

13、 last term. 上学期他看了十几本书。5. 形容词比较级前可受用much, far, a lot, still, no, a little, even, any 修饰，表示超出的程度：We have a much better life now. 我们现在的日子好得多了。The buildings look far uglier in London than here. 伦敦的建筑比这儿的难看得多。This story is even more interesting than that one. 这个故事比那个更有趣。I made a lot more mistakes than y

14、ou (did). 我犯的错误比你多多了。My sister is two years younger than me. 我妹妹比我小两岁。You are an inch taller than Tom. 你比汤姆高一寸。最高级拓展句型：1. 形容词最高级前面Its second largest city is Osaka. 它的第二大城市是大阪。The third largest city is Los Angeles. 第三大城市是洛杉矶She was by far the most active member in our group. 她是我们小组最积极的成员。2. 形容词最高级短语S

15、he is ten years old at most. 她至多十岁。 Well do our best. 我们将尽力而为。形容词副词及比较级、最高级易错题练习一用所给单词或汉语提示填空1.He walks _(slow) than me.2.-What do you think of Toms speaking? -No one does_(good) in our class.3.Mrs. Scott was worried about both of her sons, especially her _(young) one.4.That _(生病的) boy was seen to w

16、alk in the garden just now.5.Everyone was _with the _journey to Yunnan.(please)二单项选择( ) 1. In China it is a custom to give kids lucky money_ during the Spring Festival. A. finally B. luckily C. simply D. especially ( ) 2.-_ will your father be back?-In two months.A. How long B. How soon C. How often

17、 D. How many( ) 3.The shop owner suddenly stopped talking with his mouth_ like a big “O”. It was President!A. tight closed B. tightly closed C. wide open D. widely open( )4.-What a clear blue sky it is ! -Yes. I have never seen _ sky.A. a more beautiful B. a most beautiful C. the more beautiful D. t

18、he most beautiful( )5. Peter speaks Chinese well indeed, but of course not _ a local speaker in China.A. so fluently as B. more fluent than C. as fluent as D. much fluently than( ) 6. He said he would come to see us_ the next afternoon.A. sometime B. some time C. sometimes D. some times( ) 7.Dear st

19、udents, please read every sentence carefully. _ you are, _ mistakes youll make.A. The more carefully, the fewer B. The more careful, the lessC. The more carefully, the less D. The more careful, the fewer( ) 8. Mrs. Smith has a cute baby. It often smiles at people _. A. friendly B. lovely C. happily

20、D. lively( ) 9. China is developing _ of all the countries in the world.A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the most fast( ) 10. -The electric fan can _ blow away the terrible smell in the room, can it?-Its hard to say, but you may have a try.A. easily B. hardly C. quickly D. finally( ) 11. She is _ int

21、erested in physics. She often works at it until _ into the night.A. deeply, deep B. deep, deep C. deep, deeply D. deeply, deeply ( ) 12. -The Internet service fees are too high, and the speed is too slow. -Thats why Premier Li Keqiang asks operator(运营商) to provide_ Internet.A. many cheaper and quick

22、er B. very cheaper and quickerC. more cheaper and quicker D. much cheaper and quicker( )13. The park is far away from here indeed. Its about a _ walk.A. three-hoursB.three hoursC.three hoursD.three-hour( ) 14.Its really _ to see such an _ film.A. interesting; amazingB.interested; amazedC.interested;

23、 amazing D.interesting;amazed( ) 15.This program is a _ TV show so you can call the TV station directly to vote for your favorite singer.A. aliveB.livelyC.liveD.living( ) 16.-How do you like the book? -Very useful. Community safety is _ introduced in it.A. probablyB.naturallyC.usually D.specially( )

24、 17.A little wine will not be _ to your health. Just dont drink too much.A. helpfulB.helplessC.harmfulD.harmless( ) 18.-Judy is a thoughtful and organized girl.-Yes. I think she is _ plan everything well.A. talented enough toB.too talented toC.so talented thatD.such a talented girl that( ) 19.Where

25、did you go on holiday this winter? France? -You are _. We went on a seven-day tour to London.A. funnyB.rightC.coolD.close( ) 20.-The math exam is coming! - Yes, our teacher tells us we cant be _ careful while taking exams.A. tooB.veryC.quiteD.so( ) 21.-I dislike music that I cant sing along with. -M

26、e, _.A. noneB.tooC.neitherD.either( ) 22.He has _ little money that he cant even afford to buy _ little sheep.A. so; soB.such; suchC.so; suchD.such; so( ) 23.-Do you think the weather today is suitable for an outgoing?-It will be _ fine and sunny, with a few drops of rain in the afternoon.A. mostB.a

27、lmostC.mostlyD.possibly( ) 24.The old lady feels _ bad at the moment because she was caught in the _ rain just now.A. terribly; heavyB.terrible; heavilyC.terribly; heavyD.terribly; heavily( ) 35.Yesterday afternoon I left my key _ in the shop before I went back home, but I cant find it _ now.A. some

28、where; anywhereB.somewhere; everywhereC.anywhere; everywhereD.everywhere; anywhere参考答案及解析一.填空1.答案:more slowly解析:因为所填词修饰动词 walks,所以用副词 slowly;有时标词 than，可知用比较级; 以 ly 结尾的副词的比较级为more+副词，所以答案为more slowly.2.答案:better解析:固定句型:否定词+比较级=最高级, no one does better=Tom does best.“没有人比他做得更好了”就是“他做的最好”的意思。3.答案:younge

29、r解析 :根据标志词both of her sons可知Mrs. Scotts 有两个孩子，这里的意思是她的“小儿子”，两者中比较小的，用比较级，所以填younger。4.答案:sick解析:本题容易错填 ill.辨析 ill 和 sick 的不同:表示“生病的”，ill 放在系动词(如 be) 后面，sick 放在名词前系动词后;ill 表示“邪恶的，坏的”可以放在名词前。本题放在名词 boy 前，又表示“生病的”，所以只能用 sick.5.答案:pleased; pleasing/pleasant解析:ed 结尾的形容词修饰人，ing 结尾的形容词修饰物。第一个空说每个人是满意的， 用 p

30、leased,第二个空说是令人满意的旅程，用 pleasing/pleasant.同时积累词组:be pleased with. 对满意。二.单项选择 1.答案:D解析:副词词义辨析。finally最后; luckily幸运地; simply 简单地; especially尤其，特别地。根据句意“在中国，给孩子压岁钱是一种习俗，_ 在春节的时候。”可知填 “especially 尤其”最为恰当。2.答案:B解析:副词词组辨析。How long 多长，问距离和时间段;How soon 多久之后，用于将来时，答句固定为 in+时间段，表示“.时间之后”;How often 多久一次，问频率，答句常

31、为 “once a week”之类;How many 多少个，问数量。根据答句 in+two months 可知填 How soon. 3.答案:C解析:wide和widely辨析。wide形容词或副词，表示“宽的(地)”;widely 副词，表示“广泛地”。根据句意“店主突然停止讲话，同时嘴巴_像个 O 形。竟然是总统!”，可知店主很惊讶，所以应该是嘴巴张大成 O 形，所以排除 A、B; C、D中的open 均为形容词“(嘴巴、眼睛等)睁着的”的意思，所以可以用wide/widely 副词来修饰，因为wide才表示“宽地”的意思，所以用wide。积累搭配:with ones mouth wi

32、de open,嘴巴张得大大的。 4.答案:A解析:固定结构:否定词+a +比较级+n.=最高级+n。所以“never +a +more beautiful+sky=the most beautiful sky”。“天空多蓝啊!”“是啊，这是我见过的最蓝的天空”。5.答案:A解析:所填的词修饰speak Chinese,所以用副词 fluently 流利地。所以排除B、C, 又因为D本身就是错误结构，比较级应为 more fluently than,所以也排除。所以”not so.as.不如.”符合结构，翻译为“Peter 的中文说得的确很棒，但是当然不如当地的中国人说得流利”。6.答案:A解

33、析:关于 time 的词组辨析。Sometime 某个时候;some time 一段时间;sometimes 有时候;some times 几次，根据句意“他说他明天下午的某个时候来看我们”可知用 sometime. 7.答案:D解析:固定句型:the+比较级，the+比较级“越.就越.”.这个句型类似于倒装，应该是 you are more careful and youll make fewer mistakes.所以第1个空填the more careful,第二个空填 the fewer.8.答案:C解析:考查ly结尾的形容词。ABD虽然都是ly结尾的形容词，只有happily是副词，

34、“高兴地”，空中要填的词是用来修饰动词smile的，所以用副词happily修饰。“他总是高兴地冲着人们微笑”。9.答案:C解析:因为句中有of all the countries in the world这一个大的范围，可知用最高级，又因为fast 的最高级为fastest，所以选C。注意这里的fast是副词，修饰动词develop,副词最高级前的the可以省略。10.答案:B解析:本题看似考查副词辨析，关键点却在于反义疑问句。根据反义疑问句的“前肯后否、 前否后肯”原则，can it? 代表前半句应为否定句，句中没有否定词，所以只能填hardly“几乎不”这个否定意义的词来否定句子，所以选

35、 hardly.11.答案:A解析:本题考查 deep和deeply的区别。Deeply形容“(情感上)深深地”，如 he is deeply moved 他被深深打动;deep 形容“(深度上)深地”，如 he dig deep a pit. 他挖了一个深坑。根据题意，第一个空 is deeply interested in 对.深深地感兴趣，形容情感上的。Deep into the night 形容深夜，是深度上，也可当做固定搭配记。12.答案:D解析:本题其实十分简单。只有“a lot,far,much; a little, a bit; even; any”可以修饰比较级，所以只能选

36、D. 13.答案:D解析:本题容易错选C。但是注意题目中有a. 而“三小时的步行路程”a three-hour walk=three hours walk，所以只能选 D.14.答案:A解析:首先 ing 结尾的形容词修饰物、事情;ed 结尾的修饰人;第二个空所填词修饰 film, 所以填amazing令人赞叹的;句中的it指代的是to do不定式，也就是说正常的语序为“to see such an amazing film is really_”因为所填的词修饰“看电影”这件事，所以也要填 ing 结尾的形容词，即 interesting.15.答案:C解析:考查词形相近的词的词义辨析。Al

37、ive 活着的;lively 生动的，活泼的;live 直播的;living 居住的。根据题意“这个节目是一个_ 表演，所以你可以直接直接给电视台打电话投票支持自己喜欢的歌手”，填“直播的”最合适。16.答案:D解析:副词词义辨析。Probably可能，也许;naturally自然地;usually通常地;specially专门地。根据题意“-你觉得这本书怎么样?-很有用。书里_介绍了社区的安全问题”，可知填“专门地”最合适。17.答案:C解析:形容词辨析。helpful 有帮助的，乐于助人的;helpless,无助的;harmful有害的;harmless 无害的。根据题意“一点点红酒对你的

38、健康并不会_.只是不要喝太多。”可知填“harmful”最佳。千万不要做题太快，错选D.18.答案:A解析:词组辨析。A选项 She is talented enough to plan everything well.“她足够有才能能够把一切计划的很好符合题意”;B 选项 She is too talented to plan everything well.“她太有才能而无法把一切计划的很好”逻辑不符合;C、D 想用 so/such.that.“如此.以致于.”这一结构，但是that后面要加完整的句子，这题目中plan everything well不是句子，所以不对。 19.答案:D解析

39、:形容词辨析。funny滑稽的，有趣的;right正确的;cool 酷的;clos接近的。根据题意“-今年冬天你们去哪里度假了?法国吗?- 你说得很接近了。我们去伦敦玩了 7 天”，可知选 close。20.答案:A解析:固定搭配:cant .too.再.都不为过。九A课本unit1课本中就有，“As a doctor, you cant be too careful.作为医生，再怎么仔细也不为过”。类似，“-数学考试快到了!-是 的，数学老师告诉我们再怎么仔细都不为过”。21.答案:B解析:none 强调数量一个也没有;too 用于肯定句句末;neither 两者中的任何一个都不; eith

40、er 用于否定句句末。因为dislike只是带有否定前缀的词，不能否定句子，所以原句还是肯定句，所以用 too.22.答案:C解析:so+adj/adv;such+名词短语。但是有特殊情况，little 表示“少”的意思时，前用so 来修饰，不管 little 后面有无名词;表示“小”的意思时，当做普通形容词来处理。根据题意“他有如此少的钱以致于他买不起如此小的绵羊”，所以第一个用 so,第二个表示“小”， 而且后面有名词 sheep,所以用 such.23.答案:C解析:副词词义辨析。most,最，非常;almost 几乎;mostly 主要地，多半地;possibly 大概地。根据题意“-你觉得今天天气适合远足吗?-今天天气主要是晴朗的，下午会下几滴雨”，可知填 mostly 最恰当。24.答案:C解析:第一个空跟在bad 前修饰形容词bad,所以用副词，所以用terribly非常地，极度; 第二空在rain 前修饰名词rain,所以用形容词 heavy. heavy rain 大雨。25.答案:A解析:somewhere某处，放在肯定句;everywhere,到处;anywhere某处，放在否定和疑问句，否定词+anywhere表示nowhere.根据题意“昨天下午回家前我把钥匙落在店里的某个地方了，但现在哪里都找不到”所以选 A.专心-专注-专业