动词及动词词组辨析(共9页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上动词和动词词组辨析上海市风华初级中学 沈 洁第一部分 知识点梳理一、 动词辨析1. borrow; lend; keepborrow借入（不能与延续性时间状语连用）常用于borrow sth. from sb.I borrowed a pen from Mary yesterday.lend借出（不能与延续性时间状语连用）常用于lend sb. sth. 或lend sth. to sb.Would you lend your MP4 to me?keep保存，保留（引申为“借用”）能和表示时间段的时间状语及how long等连用How long may I keep

2、 this dictionary?2. cost; pay; spend; take(形式)主语谓语宾语补语人spendTime or moneyon sth./ (in) doing sth.物或事costmoney事taketime or money人paymoneyl Jane _ much money on pets.l This TV set _ me much money.l It _ me ten minutes to go to the post office.l Well _ you in a few days.3. carry; fetch; take; bringbrin

3、g某人从某地带来某物carry某人保持拿某物的状态fetch某人往返一趟取得某物take某人将某物从某地拿走l She _ her baby in her arms.l _ the rubbish away.l Remember to _ me an umbrella.l Go and _ the dictionary.4. invent; discover; createinvent通过想象或实验创造出以前不存在的东西Bell invented the telephone in 1876.discover发现早已存在，只是一直未被人发现或知道的东西She discovered the dog

4、 under the dog.create通过想象创造出新的人物形象或戏剧角色He created many famous characters.5. memorize; rememberremember指一件事或印象是在记忆中，多想想可以想得出Hellen could not remember when she had been so happy.memorize有意识地去“默记”或“熟记”以留下印象My English teacher asked us to memorize these new words.6. raise; riseraise举起，提起，增加（及物动词）Tom rais

5、ed his arms above his head.rise人或物从低处向高处上升，数量增加（不及物动词）Look, the sun is rising.7. look at; see; watchwatch观看某个正在或将要发生、移动或变化的事物或事件等He is watching TV.see看见某物（强调结果）It was so dark he could hardly see.look at用视线投注在某物上（强调行为）Students are looking at the teacher.8. steal; robsteal暗中偷窃别人钱财（常用steal sth. from sb

6、.）My bike has been stolen.rob用暴力抢劫别人财物(常用rob sb. of sth.)She was robbed of her ring.9. say; speak; tell; talksay说（着重于所说的话。作及物动词时，后接名词、代词、动词不定式等或that/ wh-从句作宾语）His passport says he is 29.speak说（着重开口发出的声音。多作不及物动词，如作及物动词，后接languages）I was so surprised that I could not speak.tell告诉，讲给别人听Tell you the tru

7、th.talk多作连续性的说话和交谈They are talking business.10. damage; hurtdamage常指车辆、房屋、庄稼等无生命物体受损或毁坏而失掉其价值、用途或外表His car was damaged in an accident.hurt指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上的伤害He hurt his back when he fell.11. accept; receiveaccept接受（表示接受者经过考虑，愿意接受）I accepted the invitation.receive收到（强调行为本身，不涉及收受者是否接受）I received an invi

8、tation.l Yesterday I _ a letter _ Mary.l I did _ his invitation but I didnt _ it.12. arrive; get; reacharrive到达（不及物动词，后面跟地点时，必须加介词in或at）I arrived at No.2 bus stop.get到达（后接名词要加to; 表示到家用get home）When did you get home yesterday evening?reach到达（及物动词，后面直接跟表地点的名词）They reached Los Angeles on Saturday.二、 动词

9、词组辨析1. join; take part in; attendjoin加入组织Tom joined the army when he was 18.take part in参加活动He always takes part in outdoor activities.attend出席He attended a meeting.2. be made of; be made up ofbe made of由制成（在成品中可看见原料）The table is made of wood.be made up of由组成（指各个部分组成整体）The bridge model is made up of

10、 many pieces of paper.3. be used to; used tobe used to(现在)习惯（be used to sth./ doing sth.）Im used to working with him now.used to过去常常做某事（used to do）My father used to smoke.4. happen; take placehappen（当主语为”事”）发生happen to sb.；（当主语为”人”）碰巧happen to doWhen did the earthquake happen?He happened to know the

11、 place.take place发生（指事先计划或预想到）；举行某种活动The meeting took place at 8:00 as planned.7. look for; find out; findlook for寻找（强调行动）Kitty is looking for her dog.find找到（强调结果）I cant find my car key.find out查明（具体事因，真相等）He wanted to find out what the problem was.三、 其他(1)1. looklook after照看，照料look at看look forward

12、to doing sth.期待着look like看上去像look out 注意 留神look up查寻，抬头看2. putput off延期put on穿，戴上，上演put out扑灭put up 举起，挂起3. taketake a look看一看take a message for sb.给某人捎个口信take up开始从事take away拿走take ones advice听从某人劝告take charge of负责，管理take hold of抓住take notes记笔记take off脱掉（衣服）起飞take care of照料take out取出take an undergr

13、ound (train)乘地铁4. turnturn up/down(把音量等)调高、调低turn on/off开、关掉（电灯、电视、收音机等）turn out结果是，证明是turn over翻（车、页），翻身turn into变成5. getget along/on (with)进展，与-相处get back返回get up起床get on /off上、下车get ready for为-准备get rid of摆脱get tired of对-感到厌倦get to到达get into the habit of养成-的习惯6. makemake a decision作出决定make a film

14、拍电影make a fire生火make a living谋生make a mistake犯错误 make a noise弄出声make friends with与-交朋友make fun of拿-开玩笑make money赚钱make progress取得进步make the bed整理床铺make up ones mind下决心7. gogo ahead向前走，去吧go for a swim去游泳go shopping去购物go home回家go on继续go on a diet实行节食go on a picnic去野餐go on with/ doing sth.继续做某事go out熄灭

15、go over复习go sightseeing去观光go wrong 出错go to bed就寝go to college上大学go to school上学go to sleep入睡go to the cinema/movie(s)看电影go to (the) hospital去医院（看病）8. keepkeep a diary记日记keep fit保持健康keep-from使-免于keep in touch(with)保持联系keep off阻挡，不让-接近keep quiet保持安静keep sb. busy让某人忙不停keep doing sth.继续做某事四、其他（2）1.forask

16、 for请求care for照顾、喜欢 get ready for准备leave for动身去look for寻找pay for付钱prepare for准备search for搜查 wait for等待2. awayrun away逃跑 throw away扔掉take away拿走3.ofthink of想起get rid of摆脱get tired of对-感到厌倦hear of听说run out of用完、耗尽take hold of抓住take charge of负责、管理die of因病而死dream of梦想4.fromhear from收信learn from从-学到keep

17、from阻止，使-免于protect from保护免受prevent from妨碍、阻止某人做某事stop from阻止-做tell from区分、辨别come from来自5. offget off下车keep off阻挡，不让-接近put off延期see- off送行show off炫耀6. withcommunicate with与-交流deal with处理be connected to/ with与-连接keep in touch with与-保持联系make friends with与-交朋友play with与-一起玩share with分享talk with/ to sb.与

18、-谈话7. ondepend on依赖、依靠come on快，跟我来get on上车go on继续hold on等一等（别挂电话）live on靠-生play a trick on作弄put on穿，戴上，上演rely on依靠try on试穿turn on打开8. updress up穿着打扮look up查寻，抬头看wake up醒来，叫醒grow up成长put up举起、挂起take up开始从事pick up拾起shup up住口stay up熬夜9. outpick out挑选出point out指出put out扑灭sell out售完take out取出turn out结果是、

19、证明是work out做出、算出find out查明真相go out熄灭look out注意、留神第二部分 练习一、 基础练习Choose the best answer( )1.Frank is the kind of person whom people like to make _.A friend withB friends ofC friendsD friends with( )2. How long have they _ the computer?A boughtB hadC borrowedD sold( )3.Its raining heavily outside. Reme

20、mber to _ the raincoat to him when you go there.A bringB takeC carryD buy( )4.The little boy can _ the top of the shelf.A get toB arrive atC reachD receive( )5.She _ these dogs at home when the Smiths are abroad.A looks upB looks forC looks afterD looks in( )6.We can _ water into ice or steam.A turn

21、 toB turn C turn offD turn on( )7. The plane _ here for ten minutes already.A has comeB has beenC has been toD has stopped( )8. Though the child is very young, he can already _ the time.A talkB sayC readD tell( )9.Its unnecessary for us to _ so much money on these useless books.A costB spendC takeD

22、pay( )10. Have you _ who took away my key?A foundB found outC looked forD got( )11.He _ living in the countryside to the city.A likesB prefersC enjoysD loves( )12. The earth is our home. We must _ the land, air and water clean.A changeB shareC noticeD keep( )13.Many girls enjoy _ skirts in spring.A

23、wearingB dressingC putting onD having( )14.-May I _ your dictionary? - Of course. But you mustnt _ it to others.A borrow, lendB borrow, borrowC lend, borrowD lend, lend二、 拓展练习( )1. Judy likes Chinese painting and she _ the hobby group at school.A has taken part in B has joinedC has attendedD has com

24、e into( )2. He could _neither French nor German, so I _ with him in English.A speak, talkedB talk, toldC say, spokeD tell, talked( )3. I dont know Sams telephone number. Will you please _ in your address book for me?A look up itB look it upC look for itD look at it( )4.We are very sad and angry to h

25、ear that the bad milk powder _ the death of over 30 babies.A madeB didC brought D caused( )5. The VIPs(Very Important Persons) from 21 countries will _ the APEC in Shanghai this autumn.A holdB take part inC joinD attend( )6.How magnificent the Bund looks at night when all the lights are _!A turned o

26、verB turned offC turned downD turned on( )7.Water _ after the big rain.A roseB raisedC was risenD was raised( )8.Tim _ until Betty arrived very late.A didnt stayB waitedC leftD hurried off( )9. The race will _ tomorrow morning.A happenB be happenedC take placeD be taken place( )10. A full moon _ in

27、the sky that night.A hungB was hungC handedD was hanged( )11. Im sorry to hear that you have _ these days.A caught a cold B caught coldC had a cold D had cold( )12. Wood and stones _ bridges in many countries.A used to buildB are used to buildingC are used to buildD used to building( )13.The TV _ for 10 minutes. You may watch it if you like.A has begunB has startedC has gone onD has been onKeys一、 基础练习DBBCC BBDBB BDAA二、 拓展练习BABDD DABCA CCD专心-专注-专业