译林版牛津英语8A-Unit1-friends-知识点汇总(共15页).docx
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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上译林版牛津英语8A Unit1 friends 知识点汇总Comic strip 1.Can I have something to dink?我可以喝点儿东西吗? (教材第6页)something to drink 意为“喝的东西”,动词不定式to drink作定语,修饰不定代词something。动词不定式作定语时常位于所修饰词之后。类似的表达还有something to eat,意为“吃的东西”。We are thirsty. Lets have something to drink.我们渴了。让我们喝点儿东西吧。Can you get something to
2、 eat?你能弄点儿吃的东西吗?2. Can I have some more food?我可以再吃些食物吗? (教材第6页)some more food 意为“再来一些食物”,此处more为形容词,意为“另外的,额外的”;通常与数词或some,any, many much等词连用构成“表示数量的词+more+名词结构,意为“再来.还需.。I need two more apples.我还需要两个苹果。Give me some more water.please.请再给我一些水。拓展“数词+ more+名词(复数)”可以与“another+ 数词+名词(复数)”互换。Would you lik
3、e three more cakes?=Would you like another three cakes?你想再要三个蛋糕吗?3.Maybe we can share it. 或许我们可以分着吃。(教材第6页)maybe 此处用作副词, 意为“可能,也许,通常用于句首。Maybe you are right.或许你是对的。Maybe he can work out the problem.或许他能做出这道题。拓展May be 意为“也许是“是“情态动词may+be“结构,但于主活后作谓语。有时may be可与maybe进行同义句转换。Hemaybeathome.=May be heisat
4、home.他也许在家。(2)share此处用作及物动词,意为“分享”,后面跟名词或代词。sharesth.withsb.意为“与某人分享某物”。I share a bedroom with my younger brother.我和我弟弟同住一间卧室。I have a big cake. Lets share it.我有一个大蛋糕。让我们分享它吧。Welcome to the unithonest诚实的(教材第7页)honest 形容词,意为“诚实的;正直的”,在句中可作定语或表语。其反义词为dishonest,意为“不诚实的”。Tom is an honest boy.汤姆是个诚实的男孩。H
5、e is honest.他很正直。拓展to be honest意为“老实说;坦白说”,相当于to tell the truth,作插入语。To be honest, I dont like the music at all.说实话,我一点儿也不喜欢这首音乐。be honest with sb.意为“对某人诚实”。You should be honest with your parents.你应该对你父母诚实。注意honest的读音以元音音素开头,当它与不定冠词连用时,应用不定冠词an。中考.链接The boy is so _that he never tells lies or cheats
6、people.A. careless B. stupid C.honest D.humorous 解析:我们可用“关键信息法”解答此题。careless意为“粗心的; stupid意为“愚蠢的”;honest意为“诚实的”;humorous意为“幽默的”。由句中的关键信息he never tells lies(他从不撒谎)可知他是一个诚实的男孩,故选C。 答案:Ckeep secrets保守秘密(教材第7页)(1)keep a secret 意为“保守秘密”Dont tell others .You must keep a secret .别告诉别人。你必须保守秘密。(2)secret此处用作
7、可数名词,意为“秘密”.还可意为“秘诀”。No one knows. Its a secret。没有人知道。这是一个秘密。What is the secret of her success?她成功的秘诀是什么?中考链接- -Whats your_to English learning ,Lin Tao?-I think watching English movies is helpful.A. place B. age C. time D. secret解析:我们可用“逻辑推理法”解答此题。place意为“地方;地点” ;age意为“年龄”;time意为“时间”;secret意为“秘密;秘诀”
8、。根据答语“我认为看英文电影是有帮助的”可推知,问句应意为“林涛,你的英语学习秘诀是什么?”,故选D。 答案:Dmakes me happy让我高兴(教材第7页)make 此处用作使役动词,意为“使”,主要有以下用法:make sb./sth.+形容词”意为“使某人/某物.此处就是这结构。The bad news makes him sad.这个坏消息让他很伤心。make sb. /sth. do sth.意为“使某人/某物做某事”。The boy often makes his dog jump up and down.那个男孩经常让他的狗跳上跳下。aksb. /sh. +名词意为“使某人/
9、某物成为.”We made him head of our group.我们选他当我们组的组长。4. share my joy分享我的欢乐(教材第7页)joy此处用作不可数名词,意为“欢乐,高兴;乐 趣,其同义词为happiness。I always share my joy with my friends.我总是和朋友们一起分享我的快乐。She shows us her joy.她对我们表示出了她的喜悦。拓展to ones joy意为“使某人高兴的是”。To his joy, he met his good friend again.让他高兴的是,他又见到了他的好朋友。5. Does he/
10、she care about you when you are sad?当你伤心时他/她关心你吗? (教材第 7页)care 此处用作不及物动词,意为“关心,关注,在意”,常与about或for连用。Care about意为“关心,关怀,在意”;care for意为“非常喜欢;照顾”,当意为“照顾”时相当于look after或take care of。I know my parents care about me.我知道我父母关心我。I dont care about what youll say.我不在乎你会说什么。She cares for her sick father.= She l
11、ooks after her sick father. =She takes care of her sick father.她照顾她生病的父亲。拓展 care还可以作不可数名词,意为“小心;照料”Take care!=Be careful!小心!6. Can you tell him/her everything about yourself?你能告诉他/她有关你自己的所有事吗? (教材第7页)yourself反 身代词,意为“你自己”,在此句中作介词about的宾语。反身代词与句子的主语或宾语是同一个人或物。You bought a new bike for yourself.你为自己买了
12、辆新自行车。You had better ask Tom himself.你最好问汤姆本人。拓展 help oneself to意为“随便吃”。Help yourself to some fish.随便吃些鱼。中考链接 Dad doesnt always come to you. You have to fight and save_.A. yourself B. himself C. myself D. herself解析:我们可用“语法分析法”解答此题。yourself你自己”; himself他自己”;myself我自己”;herself她自己”。四个选项都是反身代词,当句子的主语与宾语
13、同指一个人或一些人时,句子的宾语要用与主语一致的反身代词;空格所在句的主语为you,空格处的单词作save的宾语,故此处用you的反身代词yourself,应选A。空格所在句意为“你必须战斗,自己拯救自己”。答案:A7.good-looking好看的, 漂亮的(教材第7页)good-looking形容词,意为“好看的,漂亮的,既可修饰女性又可修饰男性,语气较弱。She is good-looking.她(长得)很漂亮。He is a good-looking boy.他是个漂亮的男孩。8. polite 礼貌的(教材第7页 )polite形容词, 意为“礼貌的”,其反义词为rude或impol
14、ite,意为“不礼貌的”。polite 在句中可作定语或表语。be polite to sb.意为“对某人有礼貌”。Tom is a polite student.汤姆是个有礼貌的学生。He is very polite to the old.他对老年人很有礼貌。9 . tidy爱整洁的(教材第7页) tidy此处用作形容词, 意为“爱整洁的,整洁的”,强调清洁且整理得井然有序。它的反义词是untidy。I am a tidy boy.我是个爱整洁的男孩。Our classroom is very tidy.我们的教室很整洁。10. What makes good friends, Amy?埃
15、米,什么样的人适合做好朋友呢? ( 教材第7页)(1 )what或who作主语疑问词what或who用作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式。What is very popular this year?今年什么很流行?Who teaches you English?谁教你英语?(2)make在此处用作连 系动词,意为“适合,成为”,其后常接名词性短语。This room would make a nice office.这间屋子做办公室很不错。You will make a good teacher.你将成为一名好老师。11. You can trust them because they neve
16、r tell lies.你可以信任他们,因为他们从不撒谎。( 教材第7页)lie 此处用作可数名词,意为“谎言”。tell lies 意为“撒谎”,与tell a lie同义。He likes to tell lies.=He likes to tell a lie.他喜欢撒谎。拓展 lie 还可用作不及物动词,意为“说谎;躺”。其现在分词为lying。Dont believe him. He is lying.不要相信他。他在说谎。Please lie down and rest.请躺下休息下。12. They can also tell you funny jokes他们还会给你讲有趣的笑
17、话。(教材第7页)joke 此处用作可数名词,意为“玩笑”。Tell a(funny joke意为“讲(有趣的)笑话”。Tom often tells his fiends funny jokes.汤姆经常給他的朋友们讲有趣的笑话。拓展与joke相关的短语:play joke on sb.取笑某人make a joke开玩笑13.thats true.的确是那样。(教材第7页)true 形容词,意为“确实的;的确”,强调事实、故事、消息等是真的,与客观事实致,不是假的。常用短语: come true“实现”。Its a true story.这是一个真实的故事。Your dream will
18、come true.你的梦想会实现的。拓展true的副词形式为truly,名词形式为truth。Reading 1. Betty is one of my best friends.贝蒂是我最好的朋友之一。(教材第8页)one of the/ones+形容词最高级+可数名词复数意为“(某人)最.的. 之一.”Beijing is one of the biggest cities in China.北京是中国最大的城市之一 注意:one of.作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。Tom is one of the tallest boys in our class汤姆是我们班最高的男生之一.One
19、 of my best fiends is Lily.我最好的朋友之一是莉莉。中考.链接The hotel is very old. Its one of buildings in the city.A. old B. older C.oldest D.the oldest 解析:我们可用“固定结构法”解答此题。one of the形容词最高级+名词复数”意为.“最.一”为固定结构,故选D。 答案:D2. She is willing to share things with her friends.她愿意和朋友分享东西。(教材第8页)willing 形容词,意为“乐意的;愿意的”。Be wi
20、lling to do sth.意为“乐意做某事”。She is willing to help me in any way she can.她愿意尽其所能帮助我。We: are willing to work hard.我们愿意努力工作。3. She is also helpful and ready to help people any time.她还乐于助人,在任何时候都乐意帮助人们。(教材第8页)(1)be ready to do sth.此处意为“乐意做某事”,与be willing to do sth.同义。I am ready to chat with him in Englis
21、h.我乐意跟他用英语聊天。拓展 be ready to do sth.还意为“准备好做某事”,相当于get ready to do sth.。The children are ready to have a picnic with their parents.孩子们已经准备好跟父母一起去野餐。(2) any time 副词,意为“在任何时候”,也可写为anytime ,前面不用介词。If you have problems, call me any time.如果有问题,你随时给我打电话。4. She helps me with my homework and she always gives
22、 her seat on the bus to someone in need.她帮我做作业,在公共汽车上她总是把座位让给需要的人。(教材第8页)(1 )help sb. with sth.意为“ 帮助某人做某事”。with后接名词或代词,与help sb. (to) do sth.Bob helps me with my English at school.=Bob鱼helps me (to ) learn English at school.日联 在学校,鲍勃帮助我学习英语。(2) in need 意为“需要;在困难中”,在句中作后置定语或表语。in need of意为“需要.”A fri
23、end in need is a friend indeed.患难朋友才是真朋友。They re in need of money.他们需要钱。Betty has a good voice. 贝蒂有一副好嗓音。(教材第8页)voice 可数名词,意为“嗓音”。in a low voice意为“低声地”。The voice of one man is the voice of no one.(谚语)一个人的声音没有力量。辨析: voice, noise与soundvoice 意为“嗓音” 指人或鸟等特有的嗓音noise意为“噪音”往往是不和谐的、不悦耳的声音,即吵闹声、喧哗声Voice 意为“声
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