《2022年形容词的原级比较级和最高级的用法讲解和练习.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《2022年形容词的原级比较级和最高级的用法讲解和练习.pdf(9页珍藏版)》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。
1、形容词原级、比较级、最高级的用法讲解及练习形容词的概述(一)形容词的定义及位置形容词原级(原形)的用法说明人或事物的特征、性质或状态,常用来修饰名词或某些代词的词叫做形容词。形容词一般放在名词前,在句子中可作定语、表语宾语补足语等1、作定语,放在名词之前,不定代词之后。如:The beautiful girl is my sister。I have something important to tell he.。2、作表语,放在系动词之后。如:Our school is big and clean.I felt terrible this morning.3、作宾语补足语,放在宾语之后。如:y
2、ou must keep your hands open.I find it hard to travel around the mountain. 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - 4、某些形容词放在定冠词之后,变成名词,表示一类人。常见的有good/bad; rich/poor ; young/old;deaf/blind; black/white ; living/dead等。如:The rich should help th
3、e poor. The young should be polite to the old.知识拓展:有表示绝对概念的副词very, so, too, enough, quite 等修饰时用形容词原级。如:The boy is too young. 这个男孩太小。(二)形容词的种类形容词可以表示质量、大小、新旧、形状、颜色、产地、温度等。(1)表示质量: a beautiful coat;(2)表示大小: a big pig; a small cap; a little goat等。(3)表示新旧: a new bag; an old bike等。(4)表示形状: a round chair;
4、 a tall building 等。(5)表示颜色: blue sky; a white cat; a red skirt等。(6)表示产地: a Japanese jeep; a Chinese car 等。(7)表示温度: the low temperature; a cool day 等。(三)形容词的构成精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - (1)名词+ful 。 help -helpful; care-careful 等。(
5、2) 名词+y 。 rain-rainy;wind-windy cloud-cloudy; sun-sunny等。(3)名词+ing 。interest-interesting; surprise-surprising 等。(4)wool-woolen; friend-friendly; hundred-meter(race);kind-hearted 等。形容词的比较级最高级变化规则及其应用(一)形容词比较级、最高级的规则变化1大多数形容词一般在词尾直接加er,est ,如:shortshortershortest;talltallertallest;2以字母 e 结尾的形容词加 r,st
6、,如:nicenicernicest latelaterlatest; largelargerlargest3以辅音字母加y 结尾的形容词变y 为 i 再加-er ,-est, 如:earlyearlierearliestheavy heavierheaviest; busy busierbusiest4以重读闭音节以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾,应双写末尾的辅音字母再加 er,est, 如:bigbiggerbiggest; fatfatterfattest;hothotter hottest; thin thinnerthinnest;redredderreddest精品资料 - - -
7、 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - (二)形容词比较级和最高级的不规则变化1不规则的形容词的比较级最高级:如:many/muchmoremost good/wellbetterbestbad/badlyworseworst little less least ffarfartherfarthest2多音节的形容词的比较级最高级加more,most,如;beautifulmore beautifulmost beautifulinterestingmore
8、 interestingmost interestingpopularmore popularmost popular知识拓展:副词的比较级1形容词与副词的区别(有 be 用形,有形用 be;有动用副,有副用动 )在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be 动词之后副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后2副词比较级最高级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级最高级相同 (不规则变化: well-better-best, far-farther-fartherest)形容词比较级在句子中的运用:两个事物或人的比较用比较级,比较级后面一般带有单词than。 比较级前面可以用more, a little 来修饰表示
9、程度。 than 后的人称代词用主格(口语中可用宾格) 。表示两者进行比较时用形容词比较级,其结构为“ 被比较的对象be + adj比较级+than +比较对象 ” 。精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - 如:Li Pings room is bigger than mine.形容词最高级在句子中的运用:三者(事物或人) 或三者以上之间的比较用最高级,其结构为“ 被比较的对象be +the adj 最高级 +比较的范围 ” 。如:Li
10、Lei is the tallest in our class表示 A 与 B在某一方面程度相同或不同时用形容词原级。(1)肯定句中的结构:“ A(被比较的对象)be +as+形容词原级+as+B( 比较对象 )” ,如:English is as interesting as physics. Xiao Ping is as tall as Tom.(2)否定句中的结构: “ A(被比较的对象 )be +as /so+形容词原级+as+B( 比较对象 )” ,如:This desk isnt as new as that one. He is not so careful as Alice.
11、 (3)表示 “A是 B 的 倍” 时,用 “A(被比较的对象 ) be +倍数+as+形容词原级 +as+B( 比较对象 )” 结构。(一倍: once;二倍:twice; 三倍以上:数字 +times)如:Our room is three times as big as theirs.The house is twice as long as that one. 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - 知识拓展:1.有表示程度的副词
12、a little, a bit, a lot, much, even, still, far, rather, any 等修饰时,用形容词比较级。如:It is much cooler today than before.2.表示两者之间进行选择“ 哪一个更 ”时,用句型 “Whic h/Who is +形容词比较级, A or B ”表示。如:Who is taller, Tom or Jim Which skirt is more beautiful ,the yellow one or the pink one3.表示“ 比”时,用 “ 倍数+比较级 +than如:I am three
13、years older than you.我比你大三岁。4.表示“ 两者之间最 一个( of the two )” 时,常用 “the +比较级 ”结构。如:Lucy is the taller of the twins.5.表示“ 越来越 ”,用比较级重叠结构,即“ 比较级 +and+比较级 ” ,多音节词和部分双音节形容词时用“more and more+ 形容词原级 ” 。如:Its getting warmer and warmer in spring.Our hometown is becoming more and more beautiful6.表示“ 越 就越”时,用 “the
14、+ 比较级, the +比较级 “ 结构如: :精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - The cooler the weather is, the better I feel.天气越凉爽我感觉越舒服。自主检测一、写出下列形容词的比较级最高级old_ young_ tall long_ short_ strong_ big_ _small_ _fat_ thin_ heavy_ light_ nice_ good_ beautiful_
15、_low_ high_ late_二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式:1. My sister is two years _(old)than me.2. Nick is as _(fat) as Jim.3. Is your sister _(young) than you Yes, she is.4. Who is _(thin),you or He Lan He Lan is.5. Whose pencil-box is _(big),yours or hers Hers is.6. Marys hair is as _(long) as Lucys._ (be) _ (tall) than
16、 any other boys in his class. Fang is not as _ (tall) as the other girls. eyes are _(big) in my family. is _(heavy),the dog 、the elephant or the pig 三、翻译句子:1、谁比 Tom年纪大是你。精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - _ is _than Tom _ are2、谁的尺子更长,他的
17、还是她的我想是她的。_ ruler is _,_or_is,I think.3、谁的梨果更重,你的姐姐的还是你的弟弟的我的弟弟的。_pears _ _,your _ or your _My _ _.4、你和你的爸爸一样高吗是的。_ _as _as your fatherYes,I am.5、她和她的朋友Lucy一样年轻。She _ as _ as _ _ Lucy6我父亲比我母亲年纪小。My than my .7.她的毛衣和我的一样重。Sweater as as 8.这条连衣裙在所有裙子中是最长的The dress is _(long) one of all9. Im taller than
18、Mom .(该成用原级的比较 )Im _ as _ as Mom . 10.他是他们三人中年龄最大的He (be) (old) of the three.四.单项选择精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - ( )1. Shes already _ her brother.A. so tall thanB. as tall than C. so tall as D. as tall as( )2. It is said that it is
19、 _ today than yesterday. Shall we go skitinging this afternoonA. the hottest B. hot C. hottest D. hotter( )3. Shanghai is bigger than _ in Japan.A. any other city B. all the other cities C. any city D. the other cities( )4. Each of us was too tired to go any _ .A. far B. farer C. much farther D. farther() 5. Now it is _ here, but it is even _ in SanyaA. hotter; hottestB. hot; hottest C. hotter; hot D. hot; hotter精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - -
限制150内