新概念英语第三册笔记第46课上课教案(共16页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上Lesson 46 Do it yourself一、单词讲解 New words and expressionsplead plid v.找借口，辩解(offer as an explanation or excuse 找借口辩解，举出作为请求原谅的理由) pleaded, pleaded 或pled, pled 都怪，都怨，不是我的错，都是月亮惹的祸pleading plid n 恳求 （n. 恳求；答辩状adj. 恳求的v. 恳求；辩护；引证；承认（有罪或无罪）；以为借口（plead 的现在分词） In response to renewed pleadings,

2、 Bruce stopped.1、V-I If you plead with someone to do something, you ask them in an intense, emotional way to do it. 恳求plead with sb to do sth/plead with sb for sth2、V-I When someone charged with a crime pleads guilty or not guilty in a court of law, they officially state that they are guilty or not

3、guilty of the crime. 表示服罪/不服罪3、V-T If you plead the case or cause of someone or something, you speak out in their support or defence. 为辩护 He appeared before the committee to plead his case4、V-T If you plead a particular thing as the reason for doing or not doing something, you give it as your excuse

4、. 以为借口 Mr. Giles pleads ignorance as his excuse.plead illness以得病为理由进行辩解plead insanity nsnti n. 疯狂；精神错乱；精神病； insane 疯狂的；精神病的； plead ignoranceeg. The thief pled ignorance of law. eg. The thief pled ignorance of poverty.eg. She left early, pleading a headache. eg. English is so popular that no one can

5、plead ignorance of it.plea pli n.借口 n. 恳求，请求；辩解，辩护；借口，托辞on the plea of illness 以得病为理由ignorance 无知，不懂ignorant adj.无知的；不了解 (of persons) knowing little or nothing; not awarebe ignorant of 对不了解（不知道）/be ignorant abouteg. These young men are ignorant of life.an ignorant and uneducated man一个无知又没有学识的人ignora

6、nce(in) ignorance of 不懂，（无知），不了解 对什么的无知，不了解，对象用介词ofeg. The recluse lives in ignorance of outside world.eg. His long, dull lecture displayed his ignorance of the subject.Publication n 出版物n. 出版；出版物；发表；公布，公开（什么的公布，公开对象也是用of）A spokesman said: We have no comment regarding the publication of these photogr

7、aphs. Regarding prep. 关于，至于；就而论with regard to adv. 关于；至于 in regard to 关于in this regard 就这一点而言 regard as vt. 把认作 newlyweds n.新婚夫妇wedding present结婚礼物 wedding cake wedding dress结婚礼服wedding banquet婚宴 wedding ring结婚戒指 unwedded mother未婚母亲newly industrialized countries 新兴工业化国家 a newly-built house新盖好的房子a ne

8、wly-elected President新当选的总统 newly-baked bread新出炉的面包gaily adv 愉快地，高兴地gay adj.1)(old) bright and attractive明亮的，引人注意的gay color 鲜亮的颜色2) cheerful and excited兴高采烈的，兴奋的，快乐的eg. Work while you work, play while you play, this is the way to be happy and gay.3)homosexual, esp. a man 男同性恋者Lesbian lezbin女同性恋者 bis

9、exual 双性恋gaily adv. cheerfullygaily painted 涂有鲜亮的色彩 gaily decorated 用亮丽的颜色装饰leisure n.空闲n. 闲暇；空闲；休闲；安逸 adj. 空闲的；有闲的；leisure time业余时间 leisure center休闲中心（往往是体育） leisure industry休闲娱乐产业（娱乐产业）at ones leisure=at leisure在空闲的时候 /in ones spare timethe leisured class有闲阶级 a leisurely stroll 悠闲地散步keen kin adj.

10、热心的，渴望的（热心应改成热切的，或者加分号，改成热衷的）1、敏锐的=acute/sharp 2、强烈的（interest or emotion），激烈的=intense（fight or competition）3、渴望的=eager be keen on sth/ doing sth（keenness N-U 渴望） 4、热衷的 be keen on sth/ doing sth5、锋利的（用的比较少）a keen knife (sharp)a keen wind (cold and strong)a keen mind /a keen insight (clever)be keen on

11、 sth喜欢做某事 /be keen to do stheg. Im keen on hamburgers. (be very interested in sth)eg. The man was keen to go out of hospital.这个人急着出院。(be impatient to do sth)be fond of (like) eg. Im fond of music.be crazy about eg. Im crazy about English.be earnest about 热心，且一本正经 nst adj. 认真的，热心的；重要的n. 认真；定金；诚挚eg. H

12、e is earnest about his new job.be enthusiastic about 对热情很高 eg. The man is enthusiastic about do-it-yourself.advisory dvazri adj. 咨询的（反方向：给予建议的，顾问的；语气重一些：劝告的）advisory committee 顾问（咨询）委员会 advisory services 咨询服务advisable adj.明智的，可取的（可取的，合适的 正式 v-link ADJ）it is advisable to do sth 做事实明智的I think it advis

13、able to do eg. It is advisable to embark on the task of setting up our company. （从事）novice nvs 新手be a novice at 在什么方面上是新手Im a novice at these things, Lieutenant. Youre the professionalhardened adj.有经验的（侧重于老练的，老油子） - ahardenedplayer / ahardenedthiefexperienced adj.富有经验的 (侧重于有经验的) - anexperiencedteach

14、erharden vt. 使变硬（硬化）；使变坚强（坚固）；使变冷酷无情 hardened同时有以上释义的形容词意veteran n.&a. 退伍军人;老兵;老战士(尤指参加过战争的) n.&a. 有经验的人;老手a green hand a new hand 新手professional adj.职业的，专业的 n.专业人士 pro leave it to the pro bro (弟们) sup- aprofessionalplayer 一个职业的选手 -professional qualification 专业资格近义词 occupational adj.职业的;unprofession

15、al adj. 未达专业水准的；违反职业道德的；不专业的；外行的She was found guilty of unprofessional conduct.amateur n.业余爱好者;外行，生手 adj.外行的;业余的，非职业的consumer knsjum(r) 消费者，顾客 （n.消费者，用户，消费品）n. 经生态消费者；用户，顾客 user , customer , client , guestconsumer goods生活消费品，日用消费品 consumer demand 消费需求；消费者的要求 consumer electronics 消费性电子产品；家用电子产品 consu

16、mer spending 消费性开支；消费者开销 consumer market 消费者市场 consumer right消费者权益consume 消耗to use time, energy , goods etc，消费（带有享受或者利用的消耗）；耗尽=to use up；吃; 喝 正式 eg. The automobile consumes gasoline. eg. Discussion consumed quite a lot of hourseg. Fire consumed the whole house.be consumed with被某种情感所吞噬（特指感情方面） consum

17、ed 充满的；对著迷的be consumed with curiosity充满好奇心 be consumed with hate充满仇恨 be consumed with grief伤心欲绝be consumed with envy/be consumed with jealousy 妒火中烧consumption （另一个名词）消费；消耗；assemble vt装配；组装 （vt&vi. 使集合，集聚（人或者物）assemble a machine assemble a car assemble a computer assemble students集合学生assembly n.集会，大会

18、；装配（注意是名词） UN Assemble the right of assembly集会的权利outlet atlet 出路 （n.向外的通路，出口，排放孔；销路；发泄的方法；批发商店）同近义词：exit , market , way outan outlet of the river 河流的出口retail outlet（零售）销售渠道eg. Sports are good outlets for work pressure. 运动时缓解工作压力的好办法。eg. Drawing provides an excellent outlet for expressing feelings.绘画

19、为表达情感提供了一个很好的用武之地。Outcomeresult 普通用词，含义广泛，侧重因某种原因所产生的最终结果，而不是眼前的结果。effect 指因某种原因直接产生的结果，着重持续稳定与其影响。outcome 普通用词，多指事物经过一系列发展变化所导致的最终结局，而不是某种原因的直接结果。常可与result通用。consequence 多指随某一事件引起的，必然或自然的不良结果，不强调直接的因果关系，而侧重事件发展的逻辑关系。Creative 创造性的Create 创造Creature动物，生物；人；创造物Creation创造，创作；创作物，产物Creativity 创造力；创造性 Cre

20、ator 创造者；创建者；造物者（上帝，女娲娘娘）Handyman n 手巧的人，能工巧匠handy adj.简单实用，手巧的 a handy gadget for peeling potatoes 一个削土豆的简易装置be handy with needle and thread work 擅长针线活be handy with words 善于辞令resourceful rsrsfl 足智多谋的 （资源丰富的；足智多谋的；机智的）resource n.1) 资源 natural resources 自然资源 financial resources 财政来源2) ability in deal

21、ing with practical problems 聪明才智a man of resource一个有头脑的人 at the end of ones resource 黔驴技穷resourceful adj.反应灵敏，足智多谋fuse fjuz 由于烧断保险丝而短路1) n. 保险丝；导火线（实际或者抽象）blow a fuse 短路了 have short fuse (easily get angry) 容易生气的2) v.熔断eg. The lights fused. 电灯泡不亮了 eg. The lights are burnt out.3) When things fuse or a

22、re fused or fuses with another 结合; 融合; 熔合The skull bones fuse between the ages of fifteen and twenty-five. 颅骨在15和25岁之间长合。fuse box 保险丝盒 blasting fuse 导爆线；导火线 have a short fuse 美国口语容易激动，脾气急躁，动辄发怒 short fuse 美俚暴躁性子；火爆脾气 blow a fuse 使保险丝熔断；大怒rickety rkti adj.要散架的，晃动的 (家具，建筑)晃动的要散架了 （摇晃的，不稳固的）a rickety b

23、oat loaded with goods a rickety wooden chairrickets 软骨病/佝偻病clog kl v.堵塞 （渐渐堵塞） n障碍eg. The drain was clogged with mud.eg. The road was clogged with trafficblock upeg. My nose is blocked up with this cold.choke v.噎住，哽咽eg. The roads were choked with traffic.eg. The hungry man swallowed the hamburger an

24、d got choked.choke back 强忍住choke back anger choke back tearsdelusion 错觉illusion：n. 幻想，错觉（“由于视觉，感觉的歪曲所造成的错觉”，也可能是“感情的因素所致的错觉”。）under illusion that/under the impression that（同位语从句的活用）eg: I am under the impression that you are honest.He still lives under the illusion that country life is superior to to

25、wn life.under no illusion that: 没有幻想eg: We live under no illusion that country is beautiful.have illusion about/have no illusion about: 对不报有幻想delusion: 妄想，错觉。侧重于强调精神病人无中生有的幻觉 （通常用于表示“荒谬的见解”或被别人所“迷惑”，有时包含着“神经错乱”，或者“没有区别真假的能力”的含义；）或者illusion一般是自己产生，强调主体的感官，而delusion往往是由他人的某些行为所致eg: He is under the del

26、usion that somebody will kill him tomorrow.He lives under the delusion that he will be killed sometime.vision: 对美好未来的想象，憧憬 （avengers 幻视）eg: I live under the vision that I have a bright future从词根扩展词型：illusioned: adj. 充满幻想的 eg: The world of children is illusioned.illusionary: adj.错觉的，幻觉的 eg: Dont beli

27、eve in him. What he said is illusionary picture.illusive: adj. 虚假的，不可靠的 eg: what he described was illusive. Lawn mower 割草机Lawn ln n.草地；草坪Mow m v. 割，割草；（用镰刀）收割庄稼 n. 草堆；干草堆积处，谷堆；Adjustment 调整 （调整，调节；调节器）(对机器、做事方法等的) 调整；(对行为、思想等的) 调整Adjust vt. 调整，使适合；校准 vi. 调整，校准；适应screw n.螺丝钉tight up a screw 紧紧螺丝 an o

28、ld screwScrew 1、C 螺丝钉；螺丝 2、C 螺旋桨（船或飞机） 3、螺旋状物1、VN + adv./prep. 用螺丝固定（或拧牢） 2、旋紧；拧紧 3、VN sth up (into sth) | sth (up) into sth把（纸等）揉成一团（弄糟；搞乱；毁坏） Screw the foil into a little ball 4、坑，害screw him, you, that, etc. 去他（或你）妈的；见他（或你、它）的鬼unscrew v.拧开 unlock unbutton VERB 解开的纽扣dismantle （反义词 assemble）拆卸disman

29、tle a machine dismantle a bicycledisassemble : 分解; 拆开 正式 take sth apart to check for a faultdemolish dml : to destroy a building vt. 拆除；破坏；毁坏；推翻；驳倒demolish an old farm housetake to pieces 大卸八块 take sth apart 把都拆了mantle 1、地幔 2、覆盖物; 幕; 罩 书面chunk 厚块，大块 n. a large piece of 一大块（外形不规则）a chunk of cheeseeg.

30、 The rent takes a large chunk out of my monthly salary.hunk hk n.一大厚块a thick piece of something , esp. food a hunk of breada hunk of bread a cube of ice 一大块冰 cube 立方体dot 点line 线 surface 面 cube 体three-dimensional space三维立体空间snap snp v. 绷断（突然折断）to break with a sudden sharp noisevt. 突然折断，拉断；猛咬；啪地关上vi.

31、咬；厉声说；咯嗒一声关上n. 猛咬；劈啪声；突然折snap the branch snap the violin stringsnap the stick in two piece 将木棒折成两段 snap the ones fingers打响指 snap the pictures拍照snap at sth咬 eg. The fish snapped at the bait.snap ones head off对某人大发雷霆bite 指用牙齿钳住或切断，或咬一口。snap 指突然猛咬。chew 指用牙磨碎。insurmountable nsmantbl 不能克服的，难以对付的 adj.难以克服

32、的（too difficult to deal with）an insurmountable barrier an insurmountable taskinsuperable adj. 难以超越的，不可克服的(impossible to deal with)insuperable obstacleincurable adj. adj. 不能治愈的；无可救药的（抽象意义）an incurable disease eg. The naughty boy is incurable.Jigsaw ds n 线锯n. 拼图玩具；线锯；镂花锯 vt. 用线锯锯nag n 唠叨不休（vt&vi 1、唠叨催

33、促2、烦扰 n 唠叨） v.不断挑剔，责骂，抱怨(find fault with sb continuously; worry or annoy by scolding)nag sb to do sthnag sb for stheg. The crying wife nagged her husband to but her a new dress.eg. The boy nagged his mother for a new jigsaw puzzle.rust n./v. 锈，生锈eg. There is a large patch of rust on the car. eg. The

34、 old car is rusting.rustproof 防锈wheat rust wit麦锈病rust mind 使大脑（反应）变迟钝eg. Its better to wear out than to rust out! 秀逗了rusty adj. 生锈的，腐蚀的；铁锈色的，锈色的；迟钝的rustic adj. 乡下的，乡村的二、课文讲解So great is our passion for doing things for ourselves, that we are becoming increasingly less dependent on specialized labour.

35、 sothateg. So fast did she speak that I almost no one could follow her.eg. So great is my passion for English that I imprison myself on the vacation.Labour 劳动，劳动力，引申出体力劳动者，引申出动手。再引申出DIY1完全倒装1. 用于 there be 句型.2. 用于“ here （ there, now, then ）不及物动词主语”的句型中,或以 in, out, up, down, away 等副词开头的句子里,以表示强调.注意：（

36、 1 ）主语是代词时,主语和谓语不倒装. Here it is（ 2 ） here , there 放在句首通常用一般现在时.3. 当句首状语为表示地点的介词词组.4. 表语置于句首时,倒装结构为“表语连系动词主语”：（ 1 ）形容词连系动词主语Present at the meeting were Mr Li, Mr Wang and many other teachers.出席会议的有王老师和其他很多老师.（ 2 ）过去分词连系动词主语Gone are the days when we used foreign oil.我们使用洋油的日子一去不复返了.（ 3 ）介词短语 be 主语Amon

37、g the goods are books, exercise-books, pens and some other things.在所有的货物中有钢笔和其他东西.5. 用于 so, neither , nor 开头的句子,表示重复前句的部分内容.原句的谓语应与前句的谓语的时态、形式相一致.You cant speak French. Neither can she.你不会说法语,她也不会.6. 为了保持句子平衡,或为了强调表语或状语,或是上下文紧密衔接时.They arrived at a small village, in front of which was a big river.他们

38、来到一个小村庄,村庄前面是条大河.2部分倒装1. 否定副词位于句首时的倒装在正式文体中，never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere 等含有否定意义的副词若位于句首，则其后要用部分倒装：I shall never forgive him. / Never shall I forgive him. 我永远不会宽恕他。He seldom goes out for dinner. / Seldom does he go out for dinner. 他很少出去吃饭。She hardly

39、has time to listen to music. / Hardly does she have time to listen to music. 她几乎没时间听音乐。【注意】(1) 对于notuntil句型，当not until位于句首时，其后的主句要用倒装语序：He didnt leave the room until the rain stopped. / Not until the rain stopped did he leave the room. 雨停了之后他才离开这房间。(2) 某些起副词作用的介词短语，由于含有否定词，若位于句首，其后要用部分倒装：On no accou

40、nts must this switch be touched. 这个开关是绝不能触摸的。In Under no circumstances will I lend money to him.无论如何我也不会再借钱给他了。但是，in no time(立即，马上)位于句首时，其后无需用倒装语序：In no time he worked out the problem. 他马上就算出了那道题。2.“only+状语”位于句首时的倒装当一个状语受副词only的修饰且置于句首时，其后用部分倒装语序：Only then did he realize that he was wrong. 到那时他才意识到他

41、错了。Only in this way are you able to do it well. 你只有用这种方法才能把它做好。3. 在一般疑问句和特殊疑问句中常用倒装句。例如：Is Lily singing or dancing？ What does your mother do？4.在以so开头的句子中，使用倒装句式可以使所表达的意思更趋简洁，其汉语意思为“也”。例如：He can ride a bike， and so can I. 他会骑自行车，我也会。She saw it， and so did I. 她看见了，我也看见了。注意：（1）如果前句的谓语动词是实义动词，倒装结构中用助动词d

42、o，does或did；如果前句的谓语中含有be动词、助动词或情态动词，倒装结构中则要根据其主语使用相应的动词。例如：He can do it， and so can I. 他能做到，我也能做到。He is working hard， and so are we. 他在努力工作，我们也在努力工作。（2）有时so可以表示对前句内容的进一步肯定，意思相当于“是的；的确如此”，此时不可使用倒装结构。例如：They will have a good time this evening. 他们今晚会玩得很愉快。So they will. 的确如此。Its fine today， isnt it？ 今天天气

43、不错，是吗？ Ah， so it is. 啊！的确如此。5. 在以neither/ nor开头的句子中，常常使用倒装句式，表示“也不”。例如：Tom didnt watch TV last night. Neither/ Nor did I. 汤姆昨晚没看电视，我也没看。They havent been to Australia. Neither/ Nor have I. 他们没去过澳大利亚，我也没去过。6. 连词as引导让步状语从句时，从句需采用倒装结构，这时往往把动词、形容词、名词、副词或分词提到主语之前。结构为：名词（不加冠词）/形容词/副词/动词/分词+ as +主语+谓语。例如：Yo

44、ung as he is， he knows a lot. 尽管他很年轻，但是他知道很多。Surrounded as we were by the enemy，we managed to fight our way out. 尽管被敌人包围了No one can plead ignorance of a subject any longer, for there are countless do-it-yourself publications. A subject 对某事 没人能再说对某事一无所知n. 1/话题; 主题 2/ (批评、研究或调查的)对象；实验对象; 研究对象 正式 3/ (尤

45、指在学校学习的) 科目4、(绘画、摄影等的) 题材 5、主语 6、实体，实物do-it-yourselfa cant-be-put-down book 一本爱不释手的书a wait-and-see policy 一种观望态度the do-what-you-can-take-what-you-need policy 各尽所能，各取所需政策a good-for-nothing 饭桶a know-all man无所不在先生Yes-man 不知道拒绝Armed with the right tools and materials, newlyweds gaily embark on the task of decorating their own homes.armed with 分词短语做状语eg. Armed with a torch, the vicar went up into the clock tower to see what was going on.eg. Armed with a gun, a gangster broke into the shop.embark on 从事，着手；登上船set out to do / set about doing 正式的开始着手做某事eg. Mary embarked on her marriag