初中英语阅读理解解题技巧PPT课件.ppt

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1、初中英语阅读理解解题技巧1. To learn the four types of questions in reading comprehension2. To learn the skills, methods and steps to do reading comprehension.3. To improve the abilities of reading comprehension .Learning aimsLearning aims 预学探标预学探标Pre-task Pre-task ( (Check preview work )Check preview work ) 1.

2、When did “colorful cutting ” turn popular decoration art in Yangzhou? A. In the Sui Dynasty B. In the Tang Dynasty C. In the Qing Dynasty D. After the founding of PRC.2. Whats the meaning of the underlined world in paragraph 2? A. 开花开花 B.繁茂繁茂 C.凋谢凋谢 D. 发芽发芽3. From the passage we know _ helped the de

3、velopment of Yangzhou paper-cutting. A. the development of paper-making industry B. the prosperity of economy C. Chinese governments high value（重视）（重视） D. All the above4. Whats the main idea of the passage? A. How do people make paper-cutting B. The way to cut paper C. The history and development of

4、 Yangzhou paper-cutting D. The importance of Yangzhou paper-cutting预学探标预学探标Pre-task Pre-task ( (Check preview work )Check preview work ) 1. When did “colorful cutting ” turn popular decoration art in Yangzhou? A. In the Sui Dynasty B. In the Tang Dynasty C. In the Qing Dynasty D. After the founding

5、of PRC.2. Whats the meaning of the underlined world in paragraph 2? A. 开花开花 B.繁茂繁茂 C.凋谢凋谢 D. 发芽发芽3. From the passage we know _ helped the development of Yangzhou paper-cutting. A. the development of paper-making industry B. the prosperity of economy C. Chinese governments high value（重视）（重视） D. All t

6、he above4. Whats the main idea of the passage? A. How do people make paper-cutting B. The way to cut paper C. The history and development of Yangzhou paper-cutting D. The importance of Yangzhou paper-cutting 词义猜测题词义猜测题 Guessing meanings 推理判断题推理判断题 Inferring a conclusion 主旨大意题主旨大意题 Finding out main i

7、deas 细节理解题细节理解题 Looking for details1细节理解题此类考题一般在文章中都能找到相对应的答案。主要提问方式有：(1)Which of the following is TRUE (NOT true)?(2)Which of the following is not mentioned?(3)From the first (second/third.) paragraph we know that_.Task1 looking for details Task1 looking for details （细节理解）（细节理解）互学析标互学析标While-TaskWh

8、ile-Task Last weekend, the four members of my family spent Last weekend, the four members of my family spent an enjoyable holiday at the Magic Kingdom - Disneyland. an enjoyable holiday at the Magic Kingdom - Disneyland. And one event made our visit seem truly magical. And one event made our visit s

9、eem truly magical. We got to the front of the line at Space We got to the front of the line at Space Mountain, only to find out that our little daughter Mountain, only to find out that our little daughter Gloria couldnt take her ice-cream on the ride. We were Gloria couldnt take her ice-cream on the

10、 ride. We were so excited that we all forgot ice-cream was not allowed so excited that we all forgot ice-cream was not allowed on the ride. on the ride. 1 1. The familys visit to the Magic Kingdom was_. . The familys visit to the Magic Kingdom was_. A) helpful B) awful C) frightening D) amazingA) he

11、lpful B) awful C) frightening D) amazing2 2. Before the ride, Gloria cried because _. . Before the ride, Gloria cried because _. A) she couldnt find her parents in the line A) she couldnt find her parents in the line B) she was too little to take the ride B) she was too little to take the ride C) sh

12、e couldnt take her ice-cream on the ride C) she couldnt take her ice-cream on the ride D) she had to wait for twenty minutes D) she had to wait for twenty minutes 技巧点拨：这类题目有两个特点：(1)凡是针对特定细节的考题，其正确答案大都可以在阅读材料中找到对应的文字部分作为验证。这一部分可能是一个词或短语，也可能是一个句子或相关的若干句子，但句式、用词和表达方式与题设不同。(2)干扰项往往是真假细节混杂，甚至相关细节和无关细节混杂。

13、解答此类试题，首先要弄清题目和每个选项的含义，然后按题目要求寻找与之相关的细节，正确估计答案来源，同时注意题目和文章中的暗示。当答案难以确定时，还可辅以排除法。例例: 79. No one wants to listen to_ from othersMP3 players. A) a loud sound B)sad stories C)a long movie D)the words of a song解析: 第二段倒数第三行“Not one wants to listen to this. Very loud music can also be bad for your ears”，可以

14、得出答案，选择A 80. We should turn down the music when we are alone because loud music . A) is not enjoyable B)makes us tired C)is bad for MP3 players D)hurts our ears解析】根据第二段倒数第一行“Very loud music can also be bad for your ears, so even if you are alone when listening to our MP3 player, you shouldnt have it

15、 turned up too high”得出结论，选择D 82. We can take once earphone out when we_ A) show others the way B)talk to friends on the phone C)watch a sporting event D)have dinner with our parents 解析】根据第四段的介绍我们可以排除C项和D项，A和B在原文中都有提及，但是原文中指的是“answer the telephone”这一短暂的动作，而B项是与朋友在“telephone”中聊天，是个延续性的动作，故选择A1. On Feb

16、ruary 9th, 2013, Sarah Darling was walking along the street when she met a homeless man named Billy Ray Harris. She reached into her change purse, emptied out of all the coins he had and gave them to the homeless man Sarah didnt realize that she had given Billy not only all her change but also her d

17、iamond ring that she had put in her change purse until the following morning When did Sarah realize that she had also given Billy her diamond ring? A. On February 9th, 2013 B. On February 10th, 2013 C. On February 18th, 2013 D. On February 22nd, 2013互学析标互学析标While-TaskWhile-Task 常见提问方式有：1.The word in

18、 the passage means2. Whats the meaning of the underlined word ?3. What does the underlined word mean?Task2 Guessing the meaning (词义猜测词义猜测)互学析标互学析标While-TaskWhile-Task 2. 词义猜测题词义猜测题 Guessing meanings 1. 细节理解题细节理解题 Looking for details 3. 推理判断题推理判断题 Inferring a conclusion 4. 主旨大意题主旨大意题 finding out main

19、 ideas 2词义猜测题此类考题要求考生根据上下文确定某一特定的词或短语的准确含义。主要提问方式有：(1)The underlined word “.” in the passage (most probably)means _.(2)The underlined word in the first (second/third.)paragraph refers to _.(3)What does the underlined word “.” mean?技巧点拨：常见的猜词方法有：(1)通过定义、释义猜测词义(3)通过生活常识猜测词义如：Lisa let the hairdresser “

20、trim” her hair a bit because it grew toolong.根据 because 从句所讲的意思，我们可推测 trim 就是之意。(5)通过构词法猜测词义根据学过的构词法知识，知道词根和前缀或后缀的意义，就可猜出由它们组成的新词词义。如：The journey to Hawaii this summer is “unforgettable.利用构词法常识和我们已熟悉的词 forget，我们可以知道unforgettable 就是 的意思。修剪修剪难以忘怀的难以忘怀的A, 胸无点墨的 B,毫无兴趣的 C, 寡言少语的 D，无话可说的A,陌生人 B, 行人 C, 故人

21、 D,古代人(6)根据列举的事例猜测词义1. A lot of the worlds natural resources like oil come from poor countries. A. 环境环境 B. 资源资源 C. 汽油汽油2. The old man put on his spectacles and began to read. A. 帽子帽子 B. 雨鞋雨鞋 C. 眼镜眼镜3. .I could see nothing because the light was faint. A. 明亮明亮 B. 昏暗昏暗 C. 灿烂灿烂4. Tom is very polite, but

22、 his brother is quite rash. A. 礼貌礼貌 B. 谦虚谦虚 C. 粗鲁粗鲁Have a try: choose the best answers 互学析标互学析标While-TaskWhile-Task Example: Today was a very hectic day for meI woke up late， hurried to the office，worked until four，went to the store，cooked dinner and washed clothesI did so many things that I was cer

23、tainly very tired A. 焦急的焦急的 B. 忙碌的忙碌的 C. 悠闲的悠闲的 D. 快乐的快乐的 Task2 Guessing the meaning (词义猜测词义猜测)互学析标互学析标While-TaskWhile-Task I spent about one hour walking around the city to look for Bus No. 32. The tricycle (三轮车) was nice, but it was a little too expensive for a small distance. Maybe I was ripped o

24、ff by the guide who rode for me, but it was an enjoyable. The underlined phrase “ripped off” means_ A. 优惠 B. 退款 C. 骗钱 D. 免费 互学析标互学析标While-TaskWhile-Task Task3 Inferring a conclusionTask3 Inferring a conclusion（推理判断）（推理判断）互学析标互学析标While-TaskWhile-Task 2. 词义猜测题词义猜测题 Guessing meanings 1. 细节理解题细节理解题 Look

25、ing for details 3. 推理判断题推理判断题 Inferring a conclusion 4. 主旨大意题主旨大意题 finding out main ideas 3推理判断题这类题要求考生透过表面文字信息推测文字的隐含意思，对文章的发展情节及作者态度、意图等作出合乎逻辑的推理判断。它主要考查考生依据图表、短文内容及常识进行推理和判断的能力。主要提问方式有：(1)What can we know according to the passage?(2)We can guess the writer of the passage may be a_.(3)From the pas

26、sage we can know _.(4)The writer writes this passage to _.(5)The writer suggests that _.技巧点拨：解答此类题目时，考生要在阅读时抓住文章的主题和细节，从分析文章的结构入手，根据上下文的内在联系，充分挖掘文章的深层含义，对暗含在文章中的事件的因果关系、人物动机以及作者未言明的倾向、态度、意图、观点进行合乎逻辑的推理、分析和判断。同时，要善于抓住文章中实质性的东西，不要被表面的假象或似是而非的东西所迷惑。并注意在推断作者态度时力求从作者的观点去思考，切勿凭个人观点、习惯看法来选择答案。 在一个寒冷冬天的夜晚，天

27、气冷得让人不想出在一个寒冷冬天的夜晚，天气冷得让人不想出门，见习警员走在大街上，突然听到一个女子大门，见习警员走在大街上，突然听到一个女子大喊：喊：“有人打劫啦有人打劫啦!”!” 见习警员刚一回身，就见一个黑影朝着远处逃见习警员刚一回身，就见一个黑影朝着远处逃离，他立刻追了上去，但是这贼跑得飞快，警员离，他立刻追了上去，但是这贼跑得飞快，警员追了八条街之后没影了。追了八条街之后没影了。 后来警员在一家商铺前看到了四个人，根据调后来警员在一家商铺前看到了四个人，根据调查，犯人就在这四人当中，请你猜一猜谁是？查，犯人就在这四人当中，请你猜一猜谁是？A,A,正在闲暇百无聊赖抽烟的人正在闲暇百无聊赖抽

28、烟的人B,B,正在手机通话的人正在手机通话的人C,C,正在聚精会神看报纸的人正在聚精会神看报纸的人D,D,正在狼吞虎咽吃拉面的人正在狼吞虎咽吃拉面的人D D 你能列举一些常见的提问方式吗？1)It can be inferred from the passage that_.2)We can infer from the text that_.3)From the text we know that _ .4)What does the writer mean?5)What does the story tell us? Task3 Inferring a conclusionTask3 In

29、ferring a conclusion（推理判断）（推理判断）互学析标互学析标While-TaskWhile-Task Group work A,cruellyB,kindlyC,fairlyD,unfriendlyA, positive(A, positive(肯定的）肯定的） B, neutral B, neutral（中立（中立的）的） C,negativeC,negative（否定的）（否定的） D,nervous D,nervous（紧张的）（紧张的） 此类问题常见的提问方式 1) Which is the best title of the passage? 2) This pa

30、ssage mainly talks about_. 3) Whats the main idea of the paragraph or passage? 2. 词义猜测题词义猜测题 Guessing meanings 1. 细节理解题细节理解题 Looking for details 3. 推理判断题推理判断题 Inferring a conclusion 4. 主旨大意题主旨大意题 Finding out main ideas Task4: Finding out the main idea(主旨大意主旨大意)互学析标互学析标While-TaskWhile-Task 4主旨大意题此类考题

31、多针对段落或短文的主题或标题来设题。主要提问方式有：(1)Which is the best title of the passage?(2)Whats the main idea of the passage?(3)This passage mainly talks about _.主题句一般具有三个特点：(1)表述的意思比较概括，相对其他句子来看，它的概括性更为明显。(2)句子结构比较简单，多数都不会采用长、难句的形式。(3)段落中的其他句子起到解释支撑主题句的作用。在一篇短文或一个段落中，大部分主题句的出现情况有以下三种：(1)主题句在篇首或段首主题句在篇首或段首的情况相当普遍。一般新闻

32、报道、说明文、议论文大都采用先总述后分述的方法。(2)主题句在篇末或段末用归纳法写文章时，往往表述细节的句子在前，概括性的句子在后，并以此结尾。这种位于篇末或段末的主题句往往是对前面细节的总结、归纳或概括。(3)无主题句 有时，一篇文章里并没有明显的主题句，需从文章出提炼、总结出文章的主题。常用技巧是首先找出每一段的中心意思。各段的中心意思往往都是围绕一个中心来展开的，或者是来说明一个问题的，这个中心或问题就是这篇文章的主题或中心意思。Example 1 Smoking is harmful to your health. Experiments show that smoking can c

33、ause cancer. Besides the most serious illness, smoking can also cause other health problems. Finally, studies have shown it is easy for smokers to catch colds. Whether you get an unimportant cold or terrible cancer, smoking is harmful. Is it worth it? Task4: finding out the main idea(主旨大意主旨大意)互学析标互学

34、析标While-TaskWhile-Task Example 2 Often no one looks more guilty than the innocent. On the other hand, nobody may look more innocent than a professional criminal. And the man who knows “everything” may really only be trying to hide his own weakness. So, it is foolish to try to judge a person only by

35、his appearance. Task4: finding out the main idea(主旨大意主旨大意)互学析标互学析标While-TaskWhile-Task Task4: finding out the main idea(主旨大意主旨大意)互学析标互学析标While-TaskWhile-Task A A, 1. Gifts giving is different in different countries. In Japan, gifts are not opened. Later, the same gift may be given away to someone el

36、se. In Canada, many people will not give big gifts to someone else. They will pay for a park bench or a tree to help remember a person. In the USA, some people ask their families and friends to give money to charity rather than buy them gifts. In Sweden, doing something for someone is the best gift.

37、 互学析标互学析标While-TaskWhile-Task This passage is mainly about _A.In Canada, many people will not give big gifts to someone else.B. In Japan, gifts are not opened C. In Sweden, doing something for someone is the best gift. D. Gifts giving is different in different countries. 互学析标互学析标While-TaskWhile-Task

38、 2. Growing mushrooms (蘑菇) is probably the easiest thing you can do even if you are new to mushroom growing. It is becoming more common because restaurants are starting to create more dishes that include mushrooms. Mushroom growing is not difficult and it is easy to started in the world of farming.

39、You will soon possibly be able to provide some of the great cooks of the world with high quality mushrooms that will be enjoyed by thousands of people all over the world. The best title of the passage is _A. Healthy mushrooms B. The value of mushroomsC. How to choose mushrooms D. Suggestions on grow

40、ing mushrooms 1.速读速读问题问题3.通读通读文章文章2.寻找答案寻找答案逆向解题法逆向解题法4.核对答案核对答案1.通读通读文章文章3.寻找答案寻找答案2.速读速读问题问题4.核对答案核对答案正向解题法正向解题法促学化标促学化标While-TaskWhile-Task Discussion: Do you know the steps to do reading comprehension?促学化标促学化标While-TaskWhile-Task An Australia 16-year-old girl, Jessica took off on her non-stop tr

41、ip around the world, on October 18, 2009. Jessica was all alone on her yacht (快艇快艇). She had to fight against strong winds, waves as high as mountains, and loneliness, in order to prove young people can realize their dreams, whatever they might be.Jessica sailed around the world in order to _A. writ

42、e a book about herselfB. become rich and famous C. win the worlds admirationD. prove young people can realize their dreams促学化标促学化标While-TaskWhile-Task An Australia 16-year-old girl, Jessica took off on her non-stop trip around the world, on October 18, 2009. Jessica was all alone on her yacht (快艇快艇)

43、. She had to fight against strong winds, waves as high as mountains, and loneliness, in order to prove young people can realize their dreams, whatever they might be.Jessica sailed around the world in order to _A. write a book about herselfB. become rich and famous C. win the worlds admirationD. prov

44、e young people can realize their dreamsA You probably know you should say please and thank you at restaurants. You probably know the rules of a library. You know you should respect and be nice to your classmates. But do you have music manners? Keep It Down! You have to notice the volume of your musi

45、c. You should not play your music so loud that everyone around you can hear it. Some people might even get angry. Usually, when you play the music loud on an MP3 player, other people cant hear the words of the song. They just hear a loud sound. Not one wants to listen to this. Very loud music can al

46、so be bad for your ears, so even if you are alone when listening to our MP3 player, you shouldnt have it turned up too high. Take Them Off! You need to know when to turn your MP3 player off and put it away. Libraries and schools dont allow MP3 players. There are other places, like museums, that dont have rules, but it wouldbe rude to have your MP3 player on. Sometimes, it just doesnt make sense to listen yourMP3player at event. Why would you listen to music at a play, a movie or a sporting event? You would miss what is going on and others would wonder why you even came.