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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上Aquaculture水产养殖Genetics 遗传学Genomics 基因组学Teleosts 硬骨鱼类Shellfish 贝类Shrimp 虾Physiologic 生理的Mechanisms 机制Maturity 成熟Bodyweight 体重Ovary 卵巢Testis 精巢Dimorphism 二态性Hormone 激素disulfide bonds 二硫键mediate 介导receptor 受体reproduction 繁殖immunity 免疫endocrine 内分泌的promotion 促进clone 克隆signal transduction 信

2、号转导Transformation 转化Transfection 转染Infection 感Characterize 鉴定Gene 基因Pool 池塘Photoperiod 光周期water temperature 水温reproductive manipulation 繁殖调控egg 卵sperm 精子semen 精液female 雌鱼male 雄fertilization 受精volume 体积hatch 孵化gentle aeration 微充气larvae 仔鱼triplicate 重复3次dose 剂量Gonad 性腺RNA extraction RNA提取Ethanol 酒精Sex

3、 性别Blood 血Brain 脑Eye 眼Gill 鳃Kidney 肾Intestine 肠Liver 肝Muscle 肌肉Pituitary 垂体Skin 皮肤Spleen 脾脏Stomach 胃Microscope 显微镜Aliquot 份Activate 激活Digestion 消化Protocol 实验计划Primer 引物Polymerase 聚合酶Reverse transcription 反转录Sequence 序列Fragment 片段Amplification 扩增Template 模板Cycle 循环Intron 内含子Exon 外显子Vertebrate 脊椎动物Kit

4、 试剂盒Instruction 用法说明Agarose gel 琼脂糖胶Band 带Propagate 繁殖amino acid 氨基酸alignment 比对phylogenetic trees进化树marker 标记Quantitative 定量的Stage时期Procedure 程序Software 软件Concentration 浓度Motility 活力encoding region 编码区signal 信号residue 残基flounder 牙鲆common carp 鲤鱼grass carp 草鱼tissue 组织population 群体sex ratio 性比negativ

5、e 负的positive 正的control 对照grow 生长production 生产molecular 分子的stock 群体sex determination mechanisms性别决定机制superfemale 超雌个体progeny 后代feeding 喂养manipulation 管理environment 环境study 研究species 种类catfish 鲶鱼microsatellite 微卫星elucidate 阐明further investigations 进一步的研究significantly 显著地spawn 产卵expression 表达up-regulat

6、e 上调fold 倍gynogenesis 雌核发育homozygosity 纯合性meiotic减数的irradiate灭活heterologous 异源的cold shock冷休克diploid 二倍体的morphology形态homogamete同配marine 海洋flatfish比目鱼coastal areas沿海地区adult成体individual个体investment投资chromosome染色体approach方法monosexual单性的second meiotic division第二次减数分裂induce诱导mitogynogenesis卵裂雌核发育the first

7、 mitotic division第一有丝分裂homologous同源的development发育paternal父母的offspring子代Nowadays当前Cryopreserve冷冻Technique技术Practical实际的Feasible可行的Neomal伪雄鱼Theoretical理论的genetic diversity遗传多样性sex control性别控制lab实验室sex differentiation性分化heterozygosity杂合度recombination重组locus位点Additionally另外地Increment增量cultivated populat

8、ion养殖群体base pairs碱基对feasibility可行性parameter参数survival rate成活率gynogenetic population雌核发育群体thaw解冻fisheries水产trial实验experiment实验storage保存liquid nitrogen液氮waterbath水浴appropriate适宜的condition条件haploid单倍体diploid二倍体hybrid杂交子treatment处理incubator培养容器percentage百分率embryo胚胎fertilization rate受精率survival rate成活率da

9、ta数据batch批randomly随机地sample取样classic经典的mixture混合物enzyme酶Ligation连接Restriction限制性的Dilute稀释pre-amplification预扩automatic自动的denaturation变性anneal退火elongation延伸polyacrylamide gel聚丙烯酰胺胶silver staining银染molecular weight分子量allele等位基因index指数Initiation起始Duration持续Putative推定的Polymorphism多态性linkage disequilibriu

10、m连锁不平衡artificial人工的diploidization二倍化optimization优化proportion比例sex reversal性逆转crossover交换incorporation整合eel鳗鲡summary摘要abstract摘要discussion 讨论references参考文献material and method材料和方法result结果title题目manuscript草稿revise修改review评审funding资助genetic sexing遗传性别鉴定Acknowledgments致谢Mechanism机制Article文章Foundation基础M

11、ethylation甲基化Aromatase芳香化酶Promoter启动子Androgen雄激素Estrogen雌激素Masculinization雄性化inverse relationship负相关suppress抑制genotypic sex determination遗传性别决定temperature-dependent sex determination温度性别决定thermosensitive period温度敏感期non-mammalian vertebrates非哺乳类脊椎动物sex steroid性类固醇激素hypothesize假定pattern模式pathway通路epig

12、enetic表观遗传的nuclear细胞核transcription factors转录因子biosynthesis生物合成mutual共同的dinucleotides二核苷酸transcription start site转录起始位点overall总体上frequencies频率phenotype表型genotype基因型housekeeping gene持家基因exogenous外源的temperature-dependent温度依赖的sex-dependent性别依赖的rear养殖culture养殖stimulate刺激block阻止bioinformatic生物信息的putative推

13、定的co-transfection共转染transcriptional activators转录激活因子luciferase reporter assay荧光素酶报告基因检测opening reading frame开放阅读框similarity相似度development发育demethylation去甲基化process过程sex differentiation性分化silence沉默DNA methyltransferases DNA甲基转移酶Identify鉴定、发现Influence影响Consistent一致的Nutrition营养Disease疾病Ingredient成分body

14、 size体长polygenic多基因的monosex populations单性群体determine确定match匹配consequence结果migration迁移discern辨别hypermethylate超甲基化phenomenon现象conserved保守的threshold阈值scheme计划Fertlizating rate and survial rate are the important parameters of revaluatingThe quality of eggs受精率和成活率是评价卵的重要参数For improving the culturing prod

15、uction ,feeding and managent is very important饲养的管理对于提高养殖产量非常重要的The first step of breeding project design is the selection of the base population基础群的选择是育种计划设计的第一步The tilapia have a unique breeding characteristics: Male territory estoblisher and female mouth brooders罗非鱼具有奇特的繁殖习性：雄性领地占领者和雌性口腔孵化者The ha

16、lf-smooth tongue sole showed significand growth difference半滑舌鳎两性之间生长差异显著I have ten pools providing for culturing tilapia我有十个池塘养殖罗非鱼Reproductive manipulation is of importance for gonad maturity繁殖调控对鱼类的性腺成熟时非常重要的The hatching stage of sole eggs is 3 days舌鳎卵需要三天才能孵化Nowadays there are a lot of of nile ti

17、lapia femilies all over the world目前世界上有很多罗非鱼的品系 Getting ready with data:gather all important data,analyses,plots and tables,organize results so that they follow a logical sequence,consolidate data plot and create figure for the manuscript,discuss the data with your advisor and note down important po

18、ints First draft :identify tow or three important findings emerging from the experiments make them the central theme of the article,note good or bad writing styles in the literature ,some a simple and easy to follow some are just too complex,note the readership of the journal that you are considerin

19、g ,prepare figures schemes and tables Structure of a scientific paper :title,abstract,toc graphics,introduction Structure of a scientific paper:experimental section ,result and discussion,conclusions,acknowledgments ,references Selecting a journal :each journal specializes area of research ,hence it

20、s readership varies .Aproper choice of journal can make a larger impact,get to know the focus and readership of the journal that you are considering general vs.specialized area journal,select 2 or 3 journals in the chosen area with relatively high impact factors.discuss with your advisor and decide

21、on the journal,find out the journals submission criteria and format. Submission:read the finalized paper carefully,check for accuiacy of figures and captions,are the figures correctly referred to in the text.get feedback from advisor and colleagues.make sure the paper is read by at least one colleague who is not familiar with the specific work. Revision and galley proof.专心-专注-专业