重点小学英语复数形式归纳总结(共4页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上小学英语复数形式归纳总结英语名词变复数规则1、一般在词尾加,s.一般来说，s在元音或浊辅音后读z，在清辅音后面读成s，在t后与t在一起读成ts，在d后与d一起读成dz。cups杯子days日子hands手hats帽子2、以s,sh,ch,x结尾的词在词尾加,es，读izclasses班级buses公共汽车boxes盒子watches手表3、以“元音字母，y”结尾的词，加,s，读作z;以辅音字母，y结尾的词，变y为i，再加,es，读iz。boy-boys男孩army-armies军队story-stories故事factory-factories工厂baby-babie

2、s宝贝4、以o结尾的词，多数加,s，读z。kilo-kilos公里photo-photos照片tobacco-tobaccos烟草piano-pianos钢琴以元音字母，o结尾的词一律加,s，读z。zoo-zoos动物园radio-radios收音机少数以o结尾的词，在词尾加-es，读z。tomato-tomatoes西红柿hero-heroes英雄potato-potatoes土豆5、以f或fe结尾的词，多数把f,fe变为v，再加,es，读vz。leaf-leaves树叶thief-thieves小偷wife-wives妻子knife-knives小刀shelf-shelves架子6、不规则

3、名词的复数形式。(1)通过变化单词内部元音字母，构成复杂形式。man-men男子woman-women女人foot-feet脚goose-geese鹅tooth-teeth牙齿mouse-mice老鼠child-children小孩(2)单数形式与复数形式相同sheep-sheep绵羊deer-deer鹿Chinese-Chinese中国人Japanese-Japanese日本人一、一般情况下直接在该词末尾加-s。读音变化:-s在清辅音ptkf后读s在浊辅音和元音后读z在辅音szd?后读iz口诀:清清浊浊元浊结尾是清辅音读s结尾是浊辅音或元音读z。例:friend-friends;cat-ca

4、ts;sport-sports;cups-cups,cake-cakes,flag-flags,face-facesbook-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds二、凡以s、x、ch、sh结尾的词在该词末尾加-es构成复数。读音变化:统一加读iz。例:bus?buses;fox?foxes;match?matches;flash?flashes;class-classes,box-boxes,watch-watches,dish-dishes;brush-brushes.三、以y结尾,1,以辅音字母+y结尾的名词将y改变为i再加-es。读音变化:加读z。例:cand

5、y-candies,lady-ladies,story-stories,party-parties,family-families,story-stories,city-cities,strawberry-strawberries,country-countries,study-studiesfairy-fairies;daisy-daisies.,2,以“元音字母,a,e,i,o,u,+y”结尾直接加-s读z.如:boy-boys;toytoys;ray-rays;day-days;key-keys.四、以“f或fe”结尾变f或fe为v,再加-es如:knife-knives读音变化:尾音f

6、改读vz例:knifeknives;lifelives;leafleaves;half-halves;wolf-wolves,loaf-loaves,wife-wives;thief-thieves,staffstaves;scarfscarves。注意:也有例外加-s读s:例:roof-roofs屋顶;proof-proofs;证明、证据belief-beliefs;chief-chiefs;safe-safes;gulf-gulfs.两者皆可的有:如handkerchief:handkerchiefs/handkerchieves。五、以-o结尾的名词:1、以-o结尾的名词加-s构成复数读

7、z;photophotos相片radioradios收音机zoozoos动物园,pianopianos钢琴;bamboo-bamboos竹子.2、特例:以-o结尾的名词加-es读音变化:加读zhero-heroes英雄,Negro-Negroes黑人,potato-potatoes土豆,tomato-tomatoes西红柿;mosquito-mosquites蚊子。3、两者皆可volcano-volcanoes/volcanos火山,zero-zeros/zeroes斑马,mango-mangoe/mangoes芒果。六、以-th结尾的名词加-s:truth-truths,mouth-mout

8、hs,month-months,path-paths,不规则名词复数:一、部分单词的复数形式不变。读音变化:保持原音。例:fish-fish;sheep-sheep;cattle-cattle;deer-deer;salmon-salmon,cannon-cannon;trout-trout鳟鱼,Chinese,Germans,Swiss,Japanese。二、少数单词其复数形式没有任何规律。读音变化:没有规律。例:man-men;woman-women;child-children;person-people;foot-feet;tooth-teeth;goose-geese,mouse-m

9、ice.三、另外还有一些名词其复数形式有时可表示特别含义例:waters,水域,fishes,各种,鱼,times(时代),drinks(饮料),looks(外表),papers(文件报纸),brains(头脑智力),sands(沙滩),goods,货物,customs(海关),forces(军队),spirits(情绪),manners(礼貌),greens(青菜),ruins(废墟)四、另一些名词则以复数词出现的机会较多例:bellows风箱;clothes;police;shorts短裤;scissors剪刀;shears大剪刀,trousers长裤;wages工资,spectacles

10、glasses,眼镜。若表达具体数目要借助数量词例:pair(对双);suit(套);apairofglasses;twopairsoftrousers五、合成名词1、将主体名词变为复数:daughters-in-law媳妇;例:daughter-in-lawfather-in-lawfathers-in-law岳父maid-servantmaid-servants；story-tellerstory-tellers；boyfriendboyfriends。无主体名词时将最后一部分变为复数:grown-ups,housewives,stopwatches.将两部分变为复数womensinger

11、s,menservants。六、不同国籍人的单复数国籍总称(谓语用复数)单数复数中国人theChineseaChinesetwoChinese瑞士人theSwissaSwisstwoSwiss澳大利亚人theAustraliansanAustraliantwoAustralians俄国人theRussiansaRussiantwoRussians意大利人theItaliansanItaliantwoItalians希腊人theGreekaGreektwoGreeks法国人theFrenchaFrenchmantwoFrenchmen日本人theJapaneseaJapanesetwoJapan

12、ese美国人theAmericansanAmericantwoAmericans印度人theIndiansanIndiantwoIndians加拿大人theCanadiansaCanadiantwoCanadians德国人theGermansaGermantwoGermans英国人theEnglishanEnglishmantwoEnglishmen瑞典人theSwedishaSwedetwoSwedes7、除人民币元、角、分外美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。例:adollar,twodollars;ameter,twometers8、另外,1,集体名词以单数形式出现但实为复数。例如:peop

13、lepolicecattle等本身就是复数不能说apeopleapoliceacattle但可以说apersonapolicemanaheadofcattle,theEnglishtheBritishtheFrenchtheChinesetheJapanese等名词表示国民总称时作复数用如TheChineseareindustriesandbrave.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。,2,以s结尾仍为单数的名词如:a.mathspoliticsphysics等学科名词一般是不可数名词为单数。b.news为不可数名词。c.theUnitedStatestheUnitedNations应视为单数。TheUnitedNationswasorganizedin1945.联合国是1945年组建起来的。专心-专注-专业