CATTI-三级笔译-实务-文字版(共171页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上第一单元 旅游观光 Tourism英译汉Maya: Away from CrowdsCentral America is home to many secret treasures for tourists who like to avoid the crowds, including numerous ancient Maya settlements.The seven countries of Central America - Guatemala, Panama, Belize, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua and Cost

2、a Rica - are full of natural beauty and cultural treasures. Many of the regions nature reserves, ancient Maya settlements and colonial cities have been declared world cultural heritage sites by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. There are lots of volcanoes and an e

3、xotic animal kingdom to explore, yet few people outside the region know of them. The view into the crater of the Masaya Volcano in Nicaragua is a breathtaking experience, enlivened by the accompanying strong smell of sulphur and the loud screaming of parrots. Yet the car park on the edge of the crat

4、er is nearly empty. This is a boon for daring travelers who can enjoy all the beauty without having to share it with hordes of other visitors. El Salvador has a road of flowers and Nicaragua has a road of white villages connecting villages from the colonial period. Honduras is developing a means of

5、connecting the native American communities in the Atlantic coast from the Garifuna, descendants of the Carribean Indians and Africans, to the Miskito Indians in the jungle.Geological enthusiasts could also follow a volcanic trail through Central America. There are many volcanoes in just a small area

6、, some with perfectly cone-shaped peaks constantly emitting smoke from their craters. Some of them are partially accessible. A bus travels to the edge of the Masaya craters in Nicaragua, an active volcano just 500 meters high. For safety reasons, every traveler should get local information from the

7、local tourism authority before climbing a volcano.The Arenal Volcano in northern Costa Rica terrified local inhabitants and tourists in August 2000 when it spouted hot gas and ash.Individual travelers can easily find travel information. The long distance buses that connect all the countries in the r

8、egion are very comfortable with air conditioning and TV.And if you travel through the villages in small, local rundowri buses, you will swiftly come into close contact with local inhabitants and their animals. You are .just as likely to have a hen thrust into your lap as a small child.词汇专心-专注-专业1sec

9、ret treasures秘密宝藏2Guatemala危地马拉3Panama巴拿马4Belize伯利兹5Honduras洪都拉斯6El Salvador萨尔瓦多7Nicaragua尼加拉瓜8Costa Rica哥斯达黎加9natural beauty自然美景10 nature reserves自然保护区11 crater火山口12 sulphur硫磺13 boon奖赏14hordes比肩接踵的15 cone-shaped圆锥形的16 Arenal Volcano阿雷纳尔火山17 rundown破旧的18 come into close contact亲密接触注释1Maya：玛雅文明，公元前26

10、00年左右发源于犹加敦半岛(Yucatan Peninsula)的美洲印第安人文明，在公元325年到925年间处于鼎盛时期，随后衰落。现在墨西哥、危地马拉和伯利兹等处尚存不少遗址。2 Central America is home to many secret treasures for tourists who like to avoid the crowds: be home to原意为“是的家园，动物或植物的栖息地或生长地”，这里可理解为秘密宝藏的“隐藏之处”。3world cultural heritage:世界文化遗产。在1972年10月联合国教科文组织在巴黎召开的第16届大会上决定

11、成立“世界遗产委员会”（World Heritage Committee），并建立世界遗产名录(World Heritage List)，鼓励各国加大对世界遗产的保护力度。自1978年第一批世界遗产得到确认起至2003年，全世界共有754处财产被列入世界遗产名处录，其中包括582处世界文化遗产，149处世界自然遗产(World Natural Heritage)和23处混合遗产。期间我国有29处被列入了该名录。4the United Nations Educational，Scientific and Cultural Organization:联合国教育、科学与文化组织，通常简称为UNESC

12、O（联合国教科文组织）。5 The view into the crater of the Masaya Volcano in Nicaragua is a breathtaking experience, enlivened by the accompanying strong smell of sulphur and the loud screaming of parrots. 本句意为：当你往尼加拉瓜的玛莎雅火山口望进去(the view into.)的时候，你会倒吸一口冷气（breathtaking），但是当你闻到那股浓烈的硫磺味，听到鹦鹉尖厉的叫声时，你又会回过神来，惊叹( enli

13、vened by)它的壮美。本句有人译为“游览尼加拉瓜的玛莎雅火山是一次惊心动魄的历程。置身其中，你会被从火山口喷发出来的强烈硫磺气味和鹦鹉的尖叫声所震撼。”这样译法实际上是误解了原文。原文中的两个意义相反的关键词 “breathtaking”和“enlivened by”表明，主句和从句描写了两个动作或状态，一个是朝玛莎雅火山口看了以后有点窒息的恐怖感，后一个动作则是闻到浓烈的硫磺味和听到鹦鹉的尖叫声后为之一惊( enlivened)的感觉。两者不应该割裂开来。另外，experience一词这里还是不译为好。6 Yet the car park on the edge of the crat

14、er is nearly empty. This is a boon for daring travelers who can enjoy all the beauty without having to share it with hordes of others visitors. 这两句要和上下文联系起来理解：尽管玛莎雅火山如此美丽，但是敢于驱车靠近火山口的人却很少。所以，它的美景是对那些勇敢的独行者的一种奖赏。7villages from the colonial period:殖民时期，指哥伦布于1492年发现美洲后至19世纪中叶西班牙殖民者对中美洲的殖民时期。除了伯利兹以外，上述中

15、美洲国家都于19世纪20年代和30年代获得独立。8 Geological enthusiasts could also follow a volcanic trail through Central America.这里volcanic trail意为“连接各座火山的小道”，而不是“由火山构成的小道”。9 There are many volcanoes in just a small area, some with perfectly cone-shaped peaks constantly emitting smoke from their craters. Some of them ar

16、e partially accessible.这里后一句中的some是前句中的some的一部分，意为：在那些终年冒着烟灰的火山中，有些山因为烟灰较为浓烈而难以接近。这里“因烟灰浓烈”是句子的隐含意义，如不译出，本句与上句的联系就断了，很容易给人一种突兀之感。另外，partially accessible不可译为“只有部分可以接近”或“不能完全接近”那种佶屈聱牙的汉语。在理解原文的本意（即：有些火山由于烟灰浓烈而难以接近）的基础上，可以把结果（即：因此人们无法完全看清它们的庐山真面目）表达出来。10you will swiftly come into close contact with loc

17、al inhabitants and their animals. You are just as likely to have a hen thrust into your lap as a small child.注意这里just as在意义上连接前面的swiftly和后面的likely，表示两者的相似性。这里后一句可改写为：You are likely to_ as you swiftly come into close contact with.。参考译文远离人群去玛雅中美洲蕴藏着大量的秘密宝藏，包括众多的古代玛雅遗址，等待着那些喜欢远离人群的旅行者去发现。中美洲的七个国家危地马拉、巴

18、拿马、伯利兹、洪都拉斯、萨尔瓦多、尼加拉瓜和哥斯达黎加遍布自然美景和文化宝藏。本地区有许多自然保护区、古玛雅人遗址和殖民时期的城市已经被联合国教科文组织列入世界文化遗产。那里有太多的火山和珍禽异兽有待探寻，可是它们却鲜为外人所知。当你往尼加拉瓜的玛莎雅火山口望进去的时候，你会倒吸一口冷气，但是当你闻到那股浓烈的硫磺味，听到鹦鹉尖厉的叫声时，你又会回过神来，惊叹它的壮美。然而火山口附近的停车场却几乎空无一人。这是给勇敢者的一种奖赏，他们可以尽情独享这一切，而不必同比肩接踵的其它游客分享美景。萨尔瓦多有一条“鲜花之路”，尼加拉瓜则有一条“白色村庄之路”，连接殖民时期留下来的各个村庄。洪都拉斯也正开

19、发一条信道，把大西洋沿岸的美洲土著人社区，如加勒比印第安和非洲人的后裔加里福那人社区，和生活在丛林中的墨斯奇陶印第安人社区连接起来。地质爱好者也可以沿着连接各座火山的小道穿越中美洲。中美洲地域不大，但是火山众多。有些火山呈完美的圆锥形，山口终年喷着烟雾。有些火山因烟灰浓烈而难窥全貌。旅游汽车可以到达高度仅500米的尼加拉瓜玛莎雅火山口的边缘。出于安全原因，每个旅游者登山前必须先到当地旅游局了解有关信息。2000年8月，哥斯达黎加北部的阿雷纳尔火山突然喷出滚烫的气体和火山灰，令当地居民和游客猝不及防，魂飞魄散。旅游散客也很容易获取有关旅游资料。配有空调和电视的长途客车连接着本地区的所有国家，是非

20、常舒适的交通工具。要是你搭乘的是破旧的村际小客车，你很快就可以与当地居民和动物亲密接触。随时随地会有一只母鸡像小孩一样撞到你的怀里。练习1 Possibly, tradition says the most about peoples character and mentality. The main purpose of tourism, apart from visiting different places, is to get acquainted with each others customs and cultures.2 Now a World Heritage Site, St

21、onehenge and all its surroundings remain powerful witnesses to the once great civilization of the Stone and Bronze Ages, between 5,000 and 3,000 years ago.3 The Australian continent has many different climatic zones ranging from tropical in the north, leading to subtropical and savanna, to arid dese

22、rts in the centre and temperate in the south.4 Towering over Black Hills of South Dakota at 6,000 feet above sea level are the four life-like figures of American presidents: George Washington, Abraham Lincoln, Thomas Jefferson, and Theodore Roosevelt.5 The reason for Disneys success are varied and n

23、umerous, but ultimately the credit belongs to one person - the man who created cartoon and built the company from nothing.6 The environment is friendly. The physical beauty of Hawaii is almost unparalleled. Majestic mountains were created millions of years ago by volcanic activity that thrust island

24、s three miles from the ocean floor.7 The beauty of our country - or at least all of it south of the Highlands - is as hard to define as it is easy to enjoy.8 We have here no vast mountain ranges, no illimitable plains, deprived of the grandeur that may accompany these things.9 Hawaiian Islands are o

25、ne of the most beautiful places on earth. The weather is friendly. The temperature ranges from 60-90 degrees all year long. Its a little cooler in winter, but every day is a beach day for somebody.10 The Southern Downs region of Queensland has a promotion which does underline the fact that there is

26、more to Queensland than rolling surf beaches, golf courses and coral reefs.练习答案1也许只有传统才能真正反映出人的性格和精神。旅行的目的，除了四处游览观光之外，更重要的就是去了解彼此的风俗和文化。2如今作为世界文化遗产，巨石阵及其周围建筑依旧是5000到3000年前石器时代和青铜时代伟大文明的有力见证者。3澳洲大陆跨越许多种不同的气候带，有北部的热带、亚热带和稀树草原，有中部干旱不毛的沙漠，还有南部的温带。4在南达克塔州海拔6000英尺的黑山顶上耸立着华盛顿、林肯、杰弗逊和罗斯福四位美国总统栩栩如生的塑像。5迪斯尼乐园

27、的成功有许多原因，但是归根结底要归功于一个人，这个人发明了卡通画，白手起家，创建了这家公司。6夏威夷环境宜人，自然美景无与伦比。数百万年前火山爆发，把这些小岛推离海底足有3英里高，形成了壮丽的山脉。7我们美丽的国家至少苏格兰高地以南的地带有目共赏而难以描绘。8这儿没有崇山峻岭，没有一望无际的平原，也没有广袤的森林，因而无从领略这些景物是何等壮观。9夏威夷群岛是地球上最美丽的地方之一。气候舒适，终年气温都保持在60到90华氏度之间。夏季天气稍微偏热，冬季凉爽一些。但对某些人来说，每天都是一个可以享受海滩的日子。10昆士兰的南部丘陵地区的旅游广告突出宣传了一个事实：昆士兰的美景远远不止沙滩冲浪、高

28、尔夫球场和大堡礁。汉译英西藏旅游：揭去神秘的面纱西藏地处中国西南部。13世纪中叶，正式纳入中国元代版图。尽管中国历经多次改朝换代，政权更迭，但是，西藏始终在中央政府控制之下，是中国的一个不可分割的部分。今天是一个以喷气式飞机、高速公路和计算机网络为标志的信息时代。世界上具有神秘色彩的地方已所剩无几，西藏却是一个例外。由于其地理位置偏僻、地形地貌独特，原始的自然风光和仍鲜为人知的民俗风情，以及本世纪初一些外国探险家带回去的种种宣传，这一切可能使人们对西藏形成一种神秘感。西藏位于中国西南边陲，它北邻新疆维吾尔自治区和青海省，东接四川省和云南省，南面与缅甸、印度、不丹和尼泊尔等国接壤。西面与印度接壤

29、。拉萨是首府和最大的城市。西藏平均海拔4900米，是世界上最高的地区，素有“世界匡脊”之称。西藏大多数人居住在海拔1200米到5100米的地方。西藏南、西、北三面分别被喜马拉雅山，喀喇昆仑山和昆仑山所环抱，是世界上与外界隔绝的地方之一。由于地理条件不同，藏南谷地和藏北高原温差很大。南部温和多雨，降雨集中在五月到九月之间。北部属大陆性气候，相对干燥，六月到八月温暖，昼夜温差大。旅游的最佳时间是三月到八月。西藏历史文化悠久。考古发掘遗迹表明4000至两万年前就有人栖息于此。勤劳勇敢的西藏人民创造了充满活力、丰富多彩的文化习俗，是一个富于独特的传统文化、能歌善舞的民族。西藏天文学、历算先进，医学发达

30、，拥有大量经典和文学作品。西藏的艺术瑰宝有绘画、建筑、雕刻、音乐、舞蹈、民间戏剧。西藏各地都有著名的古代艺术景点，其中最著名的景点有布达拉宫、扎什伦布寺、大昭寺和小昭寺等。这里的观光旅游和民俗风情旅游，是世界上最为独特的。上世纪初，西方第一个闯入西藏的瑞典探险家斯文赫定，进藏时有130匹马，抵达日喀则时仅剩下两匹公马和一头母马。他在亚洲大陆旅行记中写道：在西藏“我们每迈出一步是对地球的一次新发现，每一个地名意味着占领了一块新的土地。直到1907年1月为止，找们对地球的这个部分和对月球背面一样一无所知。”本世纪西藏的交通运输发生了巨大的变化。在斯文赫定进入西藏后的本世纪上半叶，这里甚至连半英里公

31、路和一辆卡车都没有，运输主要靠肩背和牲畜驮运。从拉萨到雅安的牦牛运输一年仅有一次。自1950年农奴制废除后，在极为艰难的条件下，先后修筑了川藏、青藏、新藏、滇藏4条省际公路干线。与此同时，在自治区境内，形成了以拉萨、日喀则、昌都和那曲为中心的公路网，98%的县都通了公路。在此期间，还建成了青藏铁路。1956年，航空人员突破号称“空中禁区”11的青藏高原上空，试航成功。现在拉萨与国内的北京、成都、重庆，以及尼泊尔的加德满都，都有定期航班12往返。如今游客可以以多种方式进入西藏，他们可以乘汽车从新疆、青海、四川或云南到西藏，也可以乘飞机从北京、成都或重庆到拉萨。现代游客渴望重返大自然，欣赏大自然。

32、西藏地域广阔、人口稀少，高山白雪皑皑、森林郁郁葱葱、杜鹃满山遍野，河流奔腾不息，湖泊静谧安详。这里绝大多数地方没有污染，散发着淡谈的原始醇香。在这里人们可以尽情地享受大自然的恩赐。词汇1版图domain2地形地貌topography and terrain3平均海拔average elevation4喜马拉雅山the HimalayasS喀喇昆仑山the Karakoram Range6昆仑山the Kunlun Mountains7大陆性气候continental climate8历算ancient algorithm9布达拉宫the Potala Palace10扎什伦布寺Zhaxilhu

33、nbo Temple11大昭寺Jokhang Temple12小昭寺Ramoche Temple13牦牛运输yak conveyance14恩赐bounty注释1本句中作者要表达的重要信息是“西藏始终在中央政府控制之下，是中国的一个木可分割的部分”，因此在翻译时宜处理为主句，而将前面的内容使用状语从句译出。另外，本句中“改朝换代，政权更迭”部分意义重叠，可合并译作changes and replacements of dynasties and central governments，以求语言的简洁性。2本句中要强调的核心是“具有神秘色彩的地方”而非“世界上”，因此翻译时可以使用英语的被动语态

34、，以突出这一内容，不宜使用英语的there be句型。3本句中“形成一种神秘感”，可以翻译为form a mysterious picture。4本句表达了西藏的相对地理位置，体现了西藏与周边各省以及海外边界地理位置关系，可以使用英语动词bound来译。例如：美国北接加拿大，南与墨西哥接壤。The U.SIS bounded on the north by Canada and on the south by Mexico.5本句中“世界屋脊”一词，通常译作the Roof of the World。6本句中重要信息是“西藏是世界上与外界隔绝的地方之一”，应翻译为主句，其他信息为次要信息，西藏

35、三面环山的地理位置特征，可以处理为过去分词短语。7昼夜温差大：The weather differs sharply during day and night.8。能歌善舞的民族：a nation keen on dancing and singing.9艺术瑰宝：greatest art treasures10斯文赫定：Sven Hedin，（1865-1952）瑞典籍的世界著名探险家，他从16岁开始从事职业探险生涯，因为探险，他终身未婚，与姐姐相依为命，走完他的人生之路。他在瑞典为人们所热爱崇敬，与诺贝尔有齐名之誉。11空中禁区：forbidden area.12定期航班：regular

36、flights参考译文The Tourism of Tibet: Reveal the Mysterious VeilTibet is located in the southwest of China. It formally belonged to the domain of the Yuan Dynasty in the mid-thirteenth century. Although China has undertaken changes and replacements of dynasties and central governments in Chinese history,

37、 Tibet has always been under the control by the central government and been an inseparable part of China.Today is an age of information with jet aircrafts, highways and network of computers as its symbols. Mysterious places are rare to be found in the world, but Tibet is an exception.Because of its

38、geographical position, unique topography and terrain; unknown but existent original customs and natural scenery; and various propagandas brought back by foreign explorers, all these render people possible to form a mysterious picture of Tibet.Tibet is located in the southwest of China. It is bounded

39、 on the north by Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and Qinghai Province; on the east by Sichuan and Yunnan provinces; on the south by Myanmar (formerly known as Burma) ,India, Bhutan ,and Nepal; and on the west by India. Lhasa is the regions capital and largest city.With an average elevation of 4,900

40、 m, Tibet is the highest region on earth. For this reason, it is sometimes called the Roof of the World. Most of the people in Tibet live at elevations ranging from l,200 m to 5,100 m. Tibet is also one of the worlds most isolated regions, surrounded by the Himalayas on the south, the Karakoram Rang

41、e on the west, and the Kunlun Mountains on the north.Due to the different geographical conditions, temperatures of the south grassland and north plateau differ sharply. The south is warm and rainy. Most rain falls during May and September. The north has a continental climate, and is a relatively dry

42、 area. It is warm from June to August. The weather differs sharply during day and night. The best time for traveling is from March to October.Tibet has a long history. Ancient remains show that human beings lived here from 4, thousand to 20 thousand years ago. Tibetans are so diligent and brave that

43、 they have created diverse cultural customs. This is a nation with special traditional culture and a nation keen on dancing and singing.Tibet is advanced in astronomy, ancient algorithm and medicine. Tibet is abounded of classics and literature works. Among Tibetan art treasures are painting, archit

44、ecture, carving, music, dancing, folk opera. Of famous ancient art sites all around Tibet, the most well-known sites are the Potala Palace, Zhaxilhunbo Temple, Jokhang Temple, Ramoche Temple and etc. The tour of these places and the local customs are the most special in the world.At the beginning of

45、 last century, Sven Hedin ,a Sweden explorer who made the first travel to Tibet from the western world, arrived at Gzhis-ka-rtse with only two horses and one mare which were ever as many as 130 horses and mares when he first entered Tibet. He said in his Travel in the Asian Continent that in Tibet,

46、every step wed taken made a new discovery about the earth and each name of the place meant a new occupation. We knew nothing about this part of our planet as we did the back of the moon until Jan. 1907 Transportation in Tibet has changed a lot throughout this century. In the first half, there was no

47、t even one mile of road or one truck, and the transportation was based on mans labor and stock. Yak conveyance from Lhasa to Yaan was conducted only once a year. After 1950 when serfdom was eliminated, four roads from Sichuan, Qinghai, Xinjiang and Yunnan to Tibet were built despite great difficulti

48、es. And at the same time inside this autonomous zone, road network were formed centering on Lhasa, Gzhis-ka-rtse, Chabmdo and Nagqu, which extended to 98 percent of the counties. Railway from Qinghai to Tibet was built at this time. In 1956, airmen succeeded in their first aerial navigation above the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau which ever meant the forbidden area .Now there are regular flights between Lhasa and Beijing, Chengdu, Chongqing and Kathmandu of Nepal.Now tourists can enter Tibet