发动机专业英语词汇(共44页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上濮明2007年2月4日intensity n.强烈，剧烈；强度 intensively adv.加强地，集中地，深入细致地 intensive study 深入细致的研究 intensive reading 精读 intensive agriculture 集约农业 labour intensity 劳动强度 look at sb. with intensity 深情地看着某人An intense attack 全线的攻击； an intensive attack 集中某一点攻击approachable可接近的, 平易近人的, 亲切的advisable adj.可取的

2、, 明智的in charge of 主管,看管in(under)the charge of 在的掌管下charge sb.with 指控某人charge(sb.)(money)for sth. 要价,要(某人)付.(钱)买某物take charge 开始管理,接管a positive/negative charge 正/负电荷be on charge 正充电at modest charges 以公道的价格charge for trouble 手续费charge a battery 给电池充电发动机 engine 内燃机 intenal combustion engine 动力机装置 power

3、 unit 汽油机 gasoline engine 汽油喷射式汽油机 gasoline-injection engine 火花点火式发动机 spark ignition engine 压燃式发动机 compression ignition engine 往复式内燃机 reciprocating internal combustion engine 化油器式发动机 carburetor engine 柴油机 diesel engine 转子发动机 rotary engine 旋轮线转子发动机 rotary trochoidal engine 二冲程发动机 two-stroke engine 四冲

4、程发动机 four-stroke engine 直接喷射式柴油机 direct injection engine 间接喷射式柴油机 indirect injection engine 增压式发动机 supercharged engine 风冷式发动机 air-cooled engine 油冷式发动机 oil-cooled engine 水冷式发动机 water-cooled engine 自然进气式发动机 naturally aspirated engine 煤气机 gas engine 液化石油气发动机 liquified petroleum gas engine 柴油煤气机 diesel

5、gas engine 多种燃料发动机 multifuel engine 石油发动机 hydrocarbon engine 双燃料发动机 duel fuel engine 热球式发动机 hot bulb engine 多气缸发动机 multiple cylinder engine 对置活塞发动机 opposed piston engine 对置气缸式发动机 opposed-cylinder engine 十字头型发动机 cross head engine 直列式发动机 in-line engine 星型发动机 radial engine 筒状活塞发动机 trunk-piston engine 斯

6、特林发动机 stirling engine 套阀式发动机 knight engine 气孔扫气式发动机 port-scavenged engine 倾斜式发动机 slant engine 前置式发动机 front-engine 后置式发动机 rear-engine 中置式发动机 central engine 左侧发动机 left-hand engine 右侧发动机 right-hand engine短冲程发动机 oversquare engine 长冲程发动机 undersquare engine 等径程发动机 square engine 顶置凸轮轴发动机 overhead camshaft

7、engine 双顶置凸轮轴发动机 dual overhead camshaft engine V形发动机 V-engine 顶置气门发动机 valve in-head engine 侧置气门发动机 side valve engine 无气门发动机 valveless engine 多气门发动机 multi-valve engine 卧式发动机 horizontal engine 斜置式发动机 inclined engine 立式发动机 vertical engine W形发动机 w-engine I形发动机 I-engine L形发动机 L-engine F形发动机 F-engine二冲程循环

8、 two-stroke cycle 四冲程循环 four-stroke cycle 狄塞尔循环 diesel cycle 奥托循环 otto cycle 混合循环 mixed cycle 定容循环 constant volume cycle 工作循环 working cycle 等压循环 constant pressure cycle 理想循环 ideal cycle 热力循环 thermodynamic cycle 冲程 stroke 活塞行程 piston stroke 长行程 long stroke 上行程 up stroke 下行程 down stroke 进气行程 intake st

9、roke 充气行程 charging stroke 压缩行程 compression stroke 爆炸行程 explosion stroke 膨胀行程 expansion stroke 动力行程 power stroke 排气行程 exhaust stroke 膨胀换气行程 expansion-exchange stroke 换气压缩行程 exchange-compression stroke 止点 dead center 上止点 top dead center(upper dead center) 下止点 lower dead center(bottom dead center) 上止点前

10、 budc(before upper dead center) 上止点后 atdc(after top dead cetner) 下止点前 bbdc(before bottom dead center) 下止点后 abdc(after bottom dead center) 缸径 cylinder bore 缸径与行程 bore and stroke 空气室 energy chamber 气缸余隙容积 cylinder clearance volume 燃烧室容积 combustion chamber volume 气缸最大容积 maximum cylinder volume 压缩室 comp

11、ression chamber 排气量 displacement 发动机排量 engine displacement 活塞排量 piston swept volume 气缸容量 cylinder capacity 单室容量 single-chamber capacity 容积法 volumetry 压缩比 compression ratio 临界压缩比 critical compression ratio 膨胀比 expansion ratio 面容比 surface to volume ratio 行程缸径比 stroke-bore ratio 混合比 mixture ratio 压缩压力

12、compression pressure 制动平均有效压力 brake mean effective pressure(bmep) 空燃比 air fuel ratio 燃空比 fuel air ratio 燃料当量比 fuel equivalence ratio 扭矩 torque 单缸功率 power per cylinder 升功率 power per liter 升扭矩 torque per liter 升质量 mass per liter 减额功率 derating power 输出马力 shaft horsepower 马力小时，马力时 horsepower-hour 总马力 gr

13、oss horse power 总功率 gross power 净功率 net power 燃油消耗量 fuel consumption 比燃料消耗率 specific fuel consumption 空气消耗率 air consumption 机油消耗量 oil consumption 有效马力 net horse power 额定马力 rated horse power 马力重量系数 horsepower-weight factor 制动功率 brake horse power 制动热效率 brake thermal efficiency 总效率 overall efficiency 排

14、烟极限功率 smoke limiting horsepower 功率曲线 power curve 机械损失 mechanical loss 机械效率 mechanical efficiency 有效热效率 effective thermal efficiency 充气系数 volumetric efficiency 过量空气系数 coefficient of excess air 适应性系数 adaptive coefficient 扭矩适应性系数 coefficient of torque adaptibility 转速适应性系数 speed adaptive coefficient 强化系

15、数 coefficient of intensification 校正系数 correction factor 换算系数 conversion factor 活塞平均速度 mean piston speed 发动机转速 engine speed (rotational frequency) 怠速转速 idling speed 经济转速 economic speed 起动转速 starting speed 最低稳定工作转速 lowest continuous speed with load 最大扭矩转速 speed at maximum torque 最高空转转速 maximum no load

16、 governed speed 调速 speed governing 超速 overspeed 怠速 idling 转速波动率 speed fluctuation rate 工况 working condition(operating mode)额定工况 declared working condition变工况 variable working condition 稳定工况 steady working condition 空载 no-load 全负荷 full load 超负荷 overload 部分负荷 part load 充量（进气） charge 旋转方向 direction of

17、rotation 顺时针 clockwise 逆时针 counter-clockwise 左转 left-hand rotation 右转 right-hand rotation 外径 major diameter 中径 pitch diameter 内径 minor diameter 径向间隙 radial clearance 发动机性能 engine performance 加载性能 loading performance 起动性能 starting performance加速性能 acceleration performance 动力性能 power performance 排放性能 e

18、mission performance 空转特性 no load characteristics 负荷特性 part throttle characteristics 调速特性 governor control characteristics 万有特性 mapping characteristics 稳定调速率 steady state speed governing rate气缸体和气缸盖 cylinder block and head 气缸体 cylinder block 整体铸造 cast inblock (cast enblock) 发动机罩 engine bonnet 气缸体加强筋

19、engine block stiffening rib 气缸 cylinder （转子机）缸体 stator 缸径 cylinder bore 气缸体机架 cylinder block frame 气缸盖 cylinder head 配气机构箱 valve mechanism casing 气缸体隔片 cylinder spacer 气缸盖密封环 cylinder head ring gasket 气缸盖垫片 cylinder head gasket 气缸套 cylinder liner(cylinder sleeve) 干式缸套 dry cylinder liner 湿式缸套 wet cyl

20、inder liner 气缸水套 water jacket 膨胀塞 expansion plug 防冻塞 freeze plug 气缸壁 cylinder wall 环脊 ring ridge 排气口 exhaust port 中间隔板 intermediate bottum 导板 guideway 创成半径（转子机） generating radius 缸体宽度（转子机） operating width 机柱 column 燃烧室 combustion chamber 主燃烧室 main combustion chamber副燃烧室 subsidiary combustion chamber

21、 预燃室 prechamber 涡流燃烧室 swirl combustion chamber 分开式燃烧室 divided combustion chamber 涡流式燃烧室 turbulence combustion chamber 半球形燃烧室 hemispherical combustion chamber 浴盆形燃烧室 bathtub section combustion chamber L形燃烧室 L-combustion chamber 楔形燃烧室 wedge-section combustion chamber 开式燃烧室 open combustion chamber 封闭喷射

22、室 closed spray chamber 活塞顶内燃烧室 piston chamber 爆发室 explosion chamber燃烧室容积比 volume ratio of combustion cahmber 燃烧室口径比 surface-volume ratio of combustion chamber 通道面积比 area ratio of combustion chamber passage 曲轴箱通气口 crankcase breather凸轮轴轴承座 camshaft bearing bush seat 定时齿轮室罩 camshaft drive(gear)cover 曲轴

23、箱检查孔盖 crankcase door 曲轴箱防爆门 crankcase explosion proof door 主轴承盖 main bearing cap 气缸盖罩 valve mechanism cover 飞轮壳 flywheel cover 扫气储器 scavenging air receiver 活塞 piston 裙部开槽活塞 split skirt piston U形槽活塞 U-slot piston 滚花修复活塞 knurled piston 圆顶活塞 dome head piston 平顶活塞 flat head piston 凸顶活塞 crown head piston

24、(convex head piston) 凹顶活塞 concave head piston 阶梯顶活塞 step-head piston 筒形活塞 trunk piston 椭圆形活塞 oval piston 抗热变形活塞 autothermic piston 不变间隙活塞 constant clearance piston 镶因瓦钢片活塞 invar strut piston 直接冷却式活塞 direct-cooled piston 间接冷却式活塞 indirect cooled piston 滑裙活塞 slipper piston 活塞速度 piston speed活塞顶部 piston

25、head 活塞裙部 piston skirt 整体活塞裙 solid skirt活塞裙扩大衬簧 piston skirt expander 滑履式活塞裙 slipper skirt 隔热槽 heat dam 活塞标记 piston mark 活塞销 piston pin 活塞销孔 piston pin boss 活塞销衬套 piston pin bushing 全浮式活塞销 full-floating piston pin 半浮式活塞销 semifloating piston pin 固定螺钉式活塞销 set screw piston pin 活塞环 piston ring 组合式活塞环 co

26、mpound piston ring 同心活塞环 concentric piston ring 偏心活塞环 eccentric piston ring 自由环 free ring 闭合环 closed ring 梯形环 keystone ring 半梯形环 half keystone ring 矩形环 rectangular ring 油环 oil control ring 开槽油环 slotted oil control ring 螺旋弹簧加载双坡口油环 coil spring loaded slotted oil control ring 涨环 expander 双坡口油环 double

27、bevelled oil control ring 内上坡口 internal bevel top 内下坡口 internal bevel bottom 边缘坡口油环 bevelled-ege oil control ring 刮油环 scrapper ring 钩形环 napier ring 镀铬活塞环 chrome plated piston ring 活塞衬环 piston ring expander 活塞环槽 piston ring groove 活塞环区 ring zone 活塞环岸 piston ring land 活塞环内表面 back of ring 曲柄连杆机构 connec

28、ting rod 中心曲柄连杆机构 central-located connecting rod 偏心曲柄连杆机构 offset connecting rod 铰接曲柄边杆机构 hinged connecting rod 连杆 connecting rod 连杆小头 connecting rod small end 连杆大头 connnecting rod big end 连杆杆身 connecting rod shank 副连杆 slave connecting rod 叉形连杆 fork-and-blade connecting rod 主连杆 main connecting rod 方形

29、连杆 boxed rod 绞链式连杆 hinged type connecting rod 活节式连杆 articulated connecting rod 连杆盖 connecting rod cap 连杆轴承 connecting rod bearing 曲轴 crankshaft 整体式曲轴 one-piece crankshaft 组合式曲轴 assembled crankshaft 右侧曲轴 right-hand crankshaft 左侧曲轴 left-hand crankshaft 改变行程的曲轴stroked crankshaft 曲轴前端 crankshaft front e

30、nd 曲轴主轴颈 crankshaft main journal轴颈重叠度 shaft journal overlap圆角 fillet主轴承main bearing曲轴止推轴承 crankshaft thrust bearing 薄臂轴瓦 thin wall bearing shell 曲轴油道 crankshaft oil passage 曲柄 crank 曲柄臂 crank arm 曲柄销 crank pin 轴套 bush 曲柄转角 crank angle 曲柄半径 crank radius 抛油圈 oil slander 角度轮 degree wheel 动平衡机 dynamic b

31、alancer 平衡重 balancer weight 扭振减振器 torshional vibration damper 扭振平衡器 torsion balancer 谐振平衡器 harmonic balancer 振动平衡器 vibration balancer 曲轴链轮 crankshaft sprocket 转子轴颈 rotor journal 偏心轴 eccentric shaft曲轴箱 crankcase 闭式曲轴箱通风装置 closed-crankcase ventilating system 飞轮 flywheel 飞轮齿圈 flywheel ring gear 飞轮芯棒 ca

32、ntilever 飞轮芯轴 flywheel spindle 飞轮的惯量矩 flywheel moment of inertia 飞轮标记 flywheel mark 当量系统 equivalent system 当量轴长 equivalent shaft length 一级往复惯性力 reciprocating inertia force,1st order 二级往复贯性力 reciprocating inertia force, 2nd order 离心惯性力 centrifugal inertia force 配气机构 valve gear 凸轮轴 camshaft 凸轮 cam 整体式

33、凸轮轴 one-piece camshaft 组合式凸轮轴 assembled camshaft 凸轮轴驱动机构 camshaft drive 赛车用凸轮轴 race camshaft 凸轮轴轴颈 camshaft bearing journal 凸轮轴轴承 camshaft bearing 凸轮轴偏心轮 camshaft eccentric 凸轮轴链轮 camshaft sprocket 凸轮轴正时齿轮camshaft timing gear 凸轮轴齿轮 camshaft gear wheel 进口凸轮 inlet cam 排气凸轮exhaust cam 快升凸轮quick lift cam

34、 快升缓降凸轮quick lift gradual clsing cam 凸轮轮廓 cam contour 凸轮包角 cam angle 凸轮升程 cam-lobe lift 凸轮尖 cam nose 凸轮从动件 cam follower齿轮传动机构gear drive 正时齿轮 timing gear 链传动机构 chain drive 链轮 sprocket wheel 链轮盘 chain sprocket 正时链条 timing chain 带齿皮带 toothed timing belt 链条张紧轮 chain tension gear 半速齿轮 half speed gear 正时齿

35、轮刻印记号 timing gear punch mark 气门 valve 进气过程 intake process 换气过程 gas exchange process 扫气过程 scavenging process 给气比 delivery ratio 分层充气 stratified charge 充量系数 volumetric efficiency 涡流比 swirl rate 进气涡流 intake swirl 螺旋进气道进气 helical duct intake 导流屏式气门进气 masked valve intake 切向进气道进气 tangential duct intake 进气

36、紊流 intake trubulence 进气提前角 intake advance angle 进气持续角 intake duration angle 进气迟后角 intake lag angle 进面值 time-area value 气门升程 valve lift 气门正时 valve timing 扫气口面积 scavenging port area 菌形气门 mashroom valve, poppet valve 钠冷却气门 sodium filled valve(natrium cooled valve) 双气门 dual valve 进气门 intake valve (sucti

37、on valve,inlet valve) 排气门 exhaust valve 顶置气门 overhead valve侧置气门 side valve 倾斜气门 inclined overhead valve 直立气门 vertical overhead valve 套筒式滑阀 sleeve valve 气门机构 valve gear 直接式气门驱动机构 direct valve gear 间接式气门驱动机构 indirect valve gear 气门杆 valve stem 加大气门杆 oversize valve stem 气门头 valve head 气门工作面 valve face 气

38、门边限 valve margin 气门弹簧座 valve-spring retainer 气门锁片 valve key 气门间隙调节螺钉 valve lash adjusting screw 气门旋转器 valve rotator 气门室 valve cage 气门油封 valve oil seal 气门口 valve port 气门座 valve seat 气门座镶圈（嵌镶式气门座圈）valve seat insert(valve seat ring) 气门座锥角 valve seat angle 气门座宽度 valve seat width 气门挺杆 valve tappet(valve

39、lifter) 液力挺杆 hydraulic tappet(lifter) 无间隙挺杆 zero-rush tappet (non-clearance tappet) 筒形挺杆 barrel type tappet 油压挺杆 ooil tappet 滚轮挺杆roller tappet(lifter) 挺杆转位 tappet rotation 排气门挺杆 exhaust valve lifter 气门导管 valve guide 气门杆导管 stem guide 气门重叠度 stem overlap 气门开启持续时间 valve duration 气门正时标记 valve timing sign

40、 气门弹簧 valve spring 气门内弹簧 inner valve spring 气门外弹簧 outer valve spring 刚性缓冲弹簧 stiff buffer spring 上紧弹簧 energizing spring 防振气门弹簧 non-surging spring 弹簧座圈 spring retainer 蝶形弹簧 belleville spring 滚柱 roller 气门室盖 valve chamber cover 摇臂 rocker arm 高升程摇臂 high lift rocker arm 摇臂轴 rocker arm shaft 推杆 push-rod 摇臂

41、支架 rocker arm bracket 气门摇臂室罩 valve rocker chamber cover 导向轮 guide wheel 导杆 slide bar 导轨 slide rail 张紧轮 tensioning wheel 链条张紧调节装置 assembly chain tension adjuster 张紧带轮 tensioning pulley 传动带张紧装置 belt tensioner 同步驱动皮带 synchronous belt 同步驱动皮轮 synchronous belt pulley 供油系 fuel system 控制燃烧系统 controlled comb

42、ustion system 反湿气装置 antipercolator 电子燃油喷射 electronic fuel injection 蒸气回收装置 vapor recovery system 燃油蒸气回收系统 fuel vapor recovery system 液体回收装置 liquid withdrawal system 恒量净化管 constant purge line 碳罐净化管 canister purge line 供油量 fuel delivery 循环供油量 fuel delivery per cycle 额定供油量 rated fuel delivery 怠速供油量 idl

43、ing speed fuel delivery 供油规律 fuel supply rate curve 油量调节装置 fuel control unit 供油提前角 fuel supply advance angle 进油计量 inlet metering 几何供油行程 geometric fuel delivery stroke 供油率 fuel supply rate 燃油通道 fuel gallery 有效行程 effective stroke 剩余行程 remainder stroke 变行程计量 variable stroke metering 等容卸载 constant volum

44、e unloading 变容卸载 variable volume unloading 收缩容积 retraction volume燃油喷油装置 fuel injection equipment 燃油喷射泵 fuel injection pump 滚轮式燃油喷射泵 roll fuel injection pump 凸轮轴式燃油喷射泵 camshaft fuel injection pump 直列式燃油喷射泵 in-line fuel injection pump 伺服式燃油喷射泵 servo fuel injection pump 底部突缘安装燃油喷射泵base flanged mounted

45、fuel injection pump 上部安装燃油喷射泵 high flanged-mounted fuel injection pump 侧向安装燃油喷射泵 side-mounted fuel injection pump 端部突缘安装式燃油喷射泵 end flange-mounted fuel injection pump V形燃油喷射泵 vee fuel injection pump 脉动式燃油喷射泵 jerk fuel injection pump 螺纹安装燃油喷射泵 screw-mounted fuel injection pump 蓄能式燃油喷射泵 accumulator fue

46、l injection pump 往复式燃油喷射泵 reciprocating fuel injection pump驱动轴式燃油喷射泵 driveshaft fuel injection pump 单缸式燃油喷射泵 single cylinder fuel injection pump圆柱式燃油喷射泵 cylindrical fuel injection pump 旋转式燃油喷射泵 rotary fuel injection pump 分配式燃油喷射泵 distributor fuel injection pump 多缸燃油喷射泵 multicylinder fuel injection p

47、ump 框架安装式燃油喷射泵 cradle mounted injection pump 喷油始点 fuel injection beginning 喷油终点 fuel injection end 喷油持续角 fuel injection duration angle 喷油延迟 injection delay 引燃喷射 pilot injection 启喷压力 injection starting pressure 峰值喷油扭矩 peak injection torque 峰值喷油压力 peak injection pressure 喷油泵油缸数目 number of cylinders of an injection pump 无气喷射 solid injection 喷射正时 injection timing 集中喷射 group injection 喷油器 injector 整体式喷油器 unit injector 喷嘴 nozzle 轴针式喷嘴 pintle type nozzle 环槽式喷嘴 annular slot nozzle 孔式喷嘴 hole type nozzle 长杆喷嘴long stem nozzle 孔板式喷嘴 orifice plate nozzle