初中英语翻译题解题技巧(共7页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上初中英语翻译题解题技巧翻译题在初中英语试题中占15分，题型分为两种，一种是汉译英（11分），它分为部分翻译5个和整句翻译3个，另一种是英译汉（4分）。现在先就汉译英谈谈解题技巧。汉译英的考点很多，不仅考查学生的语言基本功，即对词汇的记忆能力和理解能力，还考查学生在具体的语境中灵活运用词汇知识和语法知识的能力。可以从时态、语态、固定短语、主谓一致、基本句型等许多方面来考查。汉译英题的解题步骤如下：1.通读汉语，了解这个句子所要表达的意思2.阅读英文，找出其中要考查的内容，揣摩出题人的意图，并分析。3.观察一下要求翻译的汉语，然后联想一下相关的词汇、句型，并考虑时态、语态

2、、词形变化、主谓一致等问题。4.翻译出所缺的英文部分。5.将翻译好的句子再通读一遍，并从时态、语态、词形、数的一致等方面检查一下。1.上课记笔记是一个好习惯。 Its a good habbit to _ in class.观察后发现考查的内容为一个短语，所以经过联想，想到take notes 这个短语，并注意复数形式。2.几年来，他拍了几部大片。_.这是一个整句翻译，首先想到“几年来”这个短语over the years,它是固定短语，然后想到它所用到的时态为现在完成时，所以这个句子写成：Over the years, he has made some great movies.3.必须经常

3、浇树。一看到这个题目，有的同学有些发懵，因为这个句子没有主语，那么就要想到被动语态，而且是含有“必须”这个情态动词，这时就可以联想到含有情态动词的被动语态的构成：主语+情态动词+be +p.p所以这个句子写成：Trees must be watered often.那么，想做好这种类型的题，平时必须多下功夫，必须做到：1.熟练掌握常用的词汇、短语、习惯用语和固定搭配的用法。2.掌握各种句型结构。3.掌握各种时态、语态及主谓一致原则。4.具有用英语思维的习惯。5.熟读课文，万变不离其宗，无论怎样变化，考试都离不开教材这个大的考纲。英译汉解题步骤如下：1.浏览整段文章，清楚大概内容。2.分析划线部

4、分的句子含义，遇到不会的生词，要从上下文的内容中来猜测。3.整理好所思考的句子，注意英汉语言方面的差异，所翻译好的句子必须符合汉语逻辑思维,而且语言要通顺，意思要明确。eg. Do dogs wear shoes? Some police dogs in western Germany do. People made special shoes for them. Police say that these shoes can protect the dogs from broken glass. 翻译这句话时，必须把“do”翻译出来，否则意思不明确。根据上下文”do”表示穿鞋，所以整句翻译为

5、：有些德国西部的警犬穿鞋。九年级短语及句型Units1-51. 为考试而学习_2.和朋友一起学习 3.听录音带_4.制作抽认卡_5.向老师请教_6.读课本_7.制作词汇表 8.看英文录象_9.和朋友练习对话_ 10、大声朗读练习发音_11.和小组一起学习 12、learn a lot that way _13. improve my speaking skills 14. too hard to understand the voices 15.过去常常做某事 16.加入游泳俱乐部 17.be afraid of sthdoing sth=be afraid to do sth=be terr

6、ified to do sth 害怕某事或害怕做某事 18.in the past few years=in the last few years =these years=over the years 这几年来（常用于现在完成时态）19.It seems that+句子 sbsth seems to do 某人某物好像，似乎 sbsth seems + adj 某人某物好像 20.get into trouble with sb. 与某人发生争吵21.to ones surprise 令某人吃惊的是22.take pride in =be proud of 以为骄傲23.afford to

7、do sth 负担得起干某事 常与cancould 连用 24.应该被允许做某事 should be allowed to do sth 25.让人扎耳朵眼 get ones ears pierced26.不够严肃 not serious enough 27在周末 on weekends28.fail to pass a test 没有通过考试29.对某人某事要求严格 be strict with sbin sth 30.the other day 前两天 31.更专心于concentrate more on32.have an opportunity to do of doing sth =

8、have a chance to doof doing sth.有机会做某事 33.休假 haveoff 34.make ones own decisions= make decisions for oneself 自己做决定 35.实现某人的梦想 achieve ones dreams36.对严肃认真 be serious about sthdoing sth37.把它赠给慈善机构 give it to charity38.在公共场合 in public =in public places39.请求许可 ask ones permission40.介绍某人（某物）给某人 introduce

9、sthsb to sb41.偶然的、无意的 by accident42.大量的、许多的 plenty of43.属于 belong to(sb) eg: 44.叫醒某人 wake sb up eg: 45.用完、用尽 use up =run out of 46.比少 less than47.假装做某事 pretend to do sth eg: Units 6-101. 和比起来更喜欢 preferto2. 提醒；使记住 remind of3. 展览；陈列 on display 4. 老实说；说实在的 to be honest 5. 与保持距离 stay away from6. 意见一致 be

10、 in agreement7.别急，慢慢来 take it easy8.给我提供一些信息 provide me with some information9.攒钱，存钱 save money 10.打包暖和的衣服 pack warm clothes11.去非洲度假 go to Africa on vacation 12.数万学生 tens of thousands of students13.尽快 as soon as possible 14.在中国东部 in the east of China15.旅行take a trip16. 为某人提供某物 provide sb with sthpro

11、vide sth for sb17.做大量的户外活动 do lots of outdoor activities18. 打扫城市公园clean up the park19.分发 give out 20.推迟；拖延 put off 21.建立；创立；开办 set up22.与相似 take after 23.张贴；搭建put up24. 分发；发放 hand out 25.产生结果；发展；成功work out26.帮助（某人）解决困难 help(sb.)out27.立刻；马上 at once=right away=in a minute28.错误的 by mistake 29.偶然的；意外的by

12、 accident30.根据；按照；据所说according to31.落入；陷入fall into 32.这样 in this way33.与相撞 knock into 34.最后in the end=at last35.到时候；到之前by the time36.发出响声go off 37.跑掉；迅速离开run off38.按时；准时on time 39.出席；露面show up40.激起；引发 set off 41.卖完；售光 sell out42. 结婚 beget married 和某人结婚 beget married to sb.Units 11-15 1. take a vacat

13、ion意为“度假，休假”2. dress up as 打扮成3. take dance lessons上舞蹈课= have dance lessons类似的有take acting lessons上活动课；take singing/music lessons上音乐课4. a good place to eat “吃饭的好地方”a good place to do sth “干什么的好地方”5. 握手shake hands 6.特地（不怕麻烦）做某事 go out of ones way to do sth.7.第一次 for the first time 8.使某人感到宾至如归 make sb

14、. feel at home9.餐桌礼仪 table manners10. 习惯于 beget used to11.自学 learn by oneself 12.顺便访问 drop by 13.瞄准 ； 针对；致力于；旨在 aim at 14.例如； 比如 for instance 15毕竟 after all 16.有时；偶尔at times17.应该做某事be supposed to do sth.18 .本应该做某事should have done sth.19.首先 to start with 20.到目前为止；迄今为止 so far 21.幸亏；由于；因为 thanks to 22.

15、 盼望；期待 look forward to23. 关心；关怀；照顾 care for练习题（一）句子翻译（15分）(A)根据所给中文完成句子。（11分，局部翻译每个1分，整句翻译每个2分）1.如果你不知道如何拼写生词，在字典里把它们查出来。If you dont know how to spell new words,_ in a dictionary.2.我的生活在刚刚过去的几年里变化很大。My life _in the last few years.3.我喜欢我能跟着一起唱歌的音乐。I love music _.4.吃汉堡包让我感觉恶心。Eating hamburgers _.5.我是通

16、过制作抽认卡来记忆单词的。I memorize the words _.6.每个人每晚需要至少8小时的睡眠。_.7.我宁愿呆在家里也不愿意去聚会。_.8.我们不介意我们得走多远。_. (B) 阅读短文，将划线部分的句子翻译成中文。（4分）I never wanted a dog, but now Im so glad I have one.9. About two years ago, my wife, Cathy, got a little dog with a face only a mother could love. We named her Gertie.Gertie is the

17、kind of dog that has to grow on you. So I decided that the dog would be trained. This didnt quite go as planned. At 15 weeks old, she was nearly made to leave the Petsmart Training School. 10. She spent every night lying in our bed snoring(打鼾) so loudly that I hardly got a good nights sleep.练习题（二）句子

18、翻译（15分）(A)根据所给中文完成句子。（11分，局部翻译每个1分，整句翻译每个2分）1.在老师的帮助下，我通过了考试。_my teacher, I passed the exam.2.我过去梳短发，但是现在我把它留长了。I _have short hair, but now I grow it long.3.我不想让我的朋友们失望。I dont want to _ my friends _.4.如果你自己不讲法语，最好和某个能为你翻译的人一起旅行。_,its best to travel with someone who can translate things for you.5.你应该

19、按时到校。You are _ get to school on time.6.我想尽快见到我的朋友。_.7.我想知道这本书是谁写的。_.8.他很可能在为锻炼而跑步。_. (B) 阅读短文，将划线部分的句子翻译成中文。（4分）A new TV has been invented. It can turn itself off if you fall asleep or leave the room. The new TV from Sony has a smart sensor(传感器). 9. It can tell if there are people watching it. The s

20、ensor senses (感应)the movement and body heat of a person sitting in front of the TV. 10. If the person falls asleep, the sensor turns the TV off. If the last person in the room leaves, the sensor picks this up and again turns the TV off. Sony says this technology can help save energy.答案（一）1. look the

21、m up2. has changed a lot3. that I can sing along with4. makes me （feel） sick.5. by making flashcards.6. Everyone needs（ to have） at least eight hours sleep a night.7. I would rather stay at home than go to a party.8. We dont mind how far we have to go.9.大约在两年前，我的妻子，凯西带回一条狗，这只狗长着一张只有妈妈才会喜欢脸。10.她每天都躺在我们的床上鼾声特别大，我都无法睡一个好觉。（二）1. With the help of2. used to3. let down4. Unless you speak French yourself,5. supposed to6. I want to see my friend as soon as possible.7. I wonder /want to know who was the book written by.8. He could be running for exercise.9.它能识别是否有人在看电视。10.如果这个人睡着了，传感器就会把电视机关掉。专心-专注-专业