中国医疗卫生行业发展现状分析(共7页).doc

《中国医疗卫生行业发展现状分析(共7页).doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《中国医疗卫生行业发展现状分析(共7页).doc（7页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上Regional Differences of Government Investment in the Health Care Industry and Economic GrowthBased on the Economic Census DataJiangping Tian Cheng-shi Shang Hong-yun(Dept.of statistics,Dongbei University of Finance&Economics,Dalian ,China)Abstract:The health care industry is one of the

2、most important parts of the third-industry, which development is of great significance for the public health and economic growth.The data support for description of the relationships between health care industry and regional economic growth was provided by Economic Census of 2004. Firstly, this pape

3、r explains the characteristics of regional government investment in the health care industry in China.The author reaches the conclusion that there is great difference of regional government investment, the health care industry of middle and western region is mainly depended on government investment

4、and government investment accounts for the inequality of health services. Then, this paper empirical researches the contribution of government investment in the health care industry to regional economic growth applying health production function. The conclusion is that investment in the health care

5、industry has a significant and positive effect on regional economic growth, and the contribution of government investment in the health care industry to regional economic growth has obvious regional characteristics. The government investment in middle and western region contributes to economic growt

6、h is higher than that of the eastern region, however, the conclusion is opposite for the non-government investment. In the end, this paper proposes some fiscal policy suggestions.Keywords: Health care industry; Economic Census; Economic growth 1 IntroductionThe health care industry is one of the mos

7、t important parts of the third-industry, which development is of great significance for public health and economic growth. In any country, health care is the crucial fact that influences labor force quality except for work experience, formal education and training. According to the World Bank estima

8、te, about 8-10% of world economic growth can be attributed to the population health in the past 50 years. Harvard International Development Research Centres research showed that about 30-40% of the Asian economic miracle is obtained from the health of the residents.The health care industry is a sect

9、ion to supply medical services and its production is public goods or quasi-public goods, its development depends on the active fiscal support. The proper fiscal policy can not only improve health services efficiency but also promote social justice. Instead, it can cause social welfar lossese.The dat

10、a of Economic Census in 2004 shows that government investment in health care industry has obvious regional disparities in eastern region, middle region and western region. For the level of the per capita income in China is not high ,this disparities may increase the difference of living quality of r

11、egional residents and labor force quality, then influences the regional economic growth. So this paper researches the characteristics of contribution of government investment in health care industry to regional economic growth on the base of the analysis of the characteristics of regional government

12、 investment in health care industry in China, which has important theory value and actual meaning for local government to understand the status of government investment of the health care industry, implemente fiscal policy and social economy development planning.2 Characteristics of Regional Governm

13、ent Investment in Health Care Industry2.1 Government Investment Has Obvious Regional DisparitiesThe data of Economic Census in 2004 shows that the total government investment in health care industry in China is 43,605,000,000￥ in 2004 and it is only 9.60% of total investment in health care industry.

14、 In other words, health costs are mostly payed by residents and society, the government investment is only a small proportion in China. And this payment system may constraint the health care demand of residents and the development of the health care industry.Tab.1 Government investment in health car

15、e industry of each provinces in 2004provincesgovernment investment (1000￥)proportion of government investment to total investment (%)regiongovernment investment (1000￥)proportion of government investment to total investment (%)Beijing11.51Hubei7.38Tianjin7.58Hunan6.54Hebei7.37Guangdong7.83Shanxi8.47

16、Guangxi10.55Neimenggu17.13Hainan14.39Liaoning20.61Chongqing9.76Jilin8.07Sichuan11.26Heilongjiang16.51Guizhou18.69Shanghai13.33Yunnan17.95Jiangsu6.21Xizang58.13Zhejiang5.12Shanxi11.04Anhui10.55Gansu20.24Fujian8.89Qinghai24.21Jiangxi10.48Ningxia15.47Shanxi8.27Xinjiang20.16Henan8.67The main difference

17、is that the level of government investment in developed eastern region is high and is low in developing western and middle region. The provinces of largest government investment is Guangdong province, Beijing city and Shandong province, their government investment are respectively 9.89%, 7.77% and 5

18、.88% of the total government investment in China. The provinces of least government investment is Xizang province and Ningxia province, their government investment are respectively 0.70% and 0.65% of the total government investment in China. Overall, the government investment in health care industry

19、 is decreasing in eastern, middle and western region. Tab.1 shows the government investment in health care industry of each province in 2004.2.2 Health Care Industry of Western and Middle Region Ececssively Depends on Government InvestmentThe proportion of government investment to total investment i

20、n health care industry reflects the dependence of health care industry on government investment. The data of Economic Census in 2004 shows that the proportion of government investment to total investment in Xizang Province is the highest, reached 58.13%, the least is Zhejiang province, only 5.12%. T

21、he provinces which the proportion is high are mainly in the middle and western region such as Guizhou province, Xinjiang province, Gansu province, Neimengu province and Qinghai province, their proportion are respectively 18.69%, 20.16%, 20.24%, 17.13% and 24.21%. The characteristics of these provinc

22、es are that they are in underdeveloped regions. So we can draw the preliminary conclusions that health care industry of western and middle region which are in underdeveloped regions excessively depend on government investment, and it is related to the level of lower economic development. The lower l

23、evel of economic development and residents income make it is more excessively dependence on the government investment. Comapatively, the provinces which the proportion of government investment is low are mainly in the eastern region such as Zhejiang province, Jiangsu province, Guangdong province and

24、 Hebei province, their proportion are respectively 5.12%, 6.21%, 7.83% and 7.37%. The characteristics of these provinces are that their level of economic development and residents income are relatively high, so residents and social have economic capacity to meet their health care demand, so these pr

25、oevinces are not excessively depend on government investment.2.3 Government Investment Disparities Leads to the Inequality of Meeting Health Services Demand of ResidentsUnder present financial system, the health investment is mainly obtained from the local government budgets, so the gap of governmen

26、t investment in health care industry is continually expanding for the gap of the level of economic development and fiscal capacity among provinces. Government investment is high if the province has big financial power, and the government investment is low if the province has small financial power. T

27、he gap of government investment in health care industry may lead to the inequality of meeting health services demand of residents among provinces.The data of Economic Census shows that the expenditure of health service in Beijing city is highest, it is 1973.41￥per capita and the lowest is Guizhou pr

28、ovince, it is 144.25￥per capita. Expenditure of health service per capita in eastern region is 738.342, it is 236.39￥in middle region and it is 236.82￥in western region.The expenditure of health service per capita in middle and western region is less one third of eastern region.Heath care is not onl

29、y related to the population health but also to the human capital, so the government investment is of great significance for economic growth and residents health.3 Empirical Analysis on the Contribution of Government Investment in Health Care Industry to Regional Economic Growth3.1 Model DesignIn ord

30、er to measure the contribution of government investment in the health care industry to regional economic growth, the health production function is established.According to Cobb-Douglas production function:(1)Where, and are respectively output, capital investment and labor input., and are respectivel

31、y the elasticity of capital investment and labor input with output. is efficience parameter, which reflects the impact of the factors except the capital and labor input.The increasing of health investment can raise the level of the quality of labor , and it also equivalent to the increasing of a cer

32、tain percentage of labor quantity, so can be represented to the multiplication of initial input of labor and health investment , then the Cobb-Douglas production function is writed:(2)And the health investment also can be divided into two parts: first one is the government investment, the second is

33、the non-government investment, so the Cobb-Douglas production function is also writed:(3)Where,is the government investment in health care industry,is the non-government investment in health care industry, and is respectively the elasticity of the government investment and the non-government investm

34、ent with output. The production function can measure the contribution of government investment in the health care industry to regional economic growth.3.2 Data DescriptionData is mainly obtained from Economic Census in 2004,where, government investment is the fiscal investment in health care industr

35、y, non-government invest is the other part in health care industry investment of each provinces in China, economic growth is gdp of each provinces in 2004.is the quality of labor of each provinces in 2004, the net capital investment of eachprovinces in 2004 is estimated with the perpetual inventory

36、methodLijingwen、Johsen: Research on the Productivity and economic growth of China Japanse and AmericaM, Beijing: China Social Sciences Press,1992.3.3 Esetimated Results and Analysis(3) is estimated with principal component estimate method and the estimated result is showed in Tab.2 and the model fit

37、ting is good.Tab.2 Model Fitting Results RegionVariables0.999eastern region0.359*(0.000)0.278* (0.000)0.168*(0.018)0.233*(0.002)middle region2.130.229*(0.010)0.218*(0.012)0.561*(0.000)0.228*(0.000)0.973western region1.7910.298*(0.000)0.311*(0.000)0.292*(0.000)0.177*(0.011)0.9613.4 Effects of the Inv

38、estment in Health Care Industry on Regional Economic Growth The fitting results of model shows that regional health industry investment has a significant impact on the regional economic growth and impact is positive. The elasticity of the government investment with GDP are respectively 0.168, 0.561

39、and 0.292 in the eastern region, middle region and western region. So all regions should raise the level of health investment, the health investment is very favorable to the regional economic growth, if the government reduce the health investment, the economic growth will reduce.But, in recent years

40、, the proportion of government investment in the health care industry in China is decline. The health investment growth relies on person and social. For the level income per capita and growth speed are not very rapid, it is obviously realistic that the increasing health investment relies on person a

41、nd social. Therefore, governments should take effective measures to increase investment in health care industry which is not only to improve the population health but also it is a very effective way to increase economic level 3.5 Regional Characteristics of Investment in Health Care Industry on Econ

42、omic GrowthThe fitting results of model also show that the contribution of government investment in health care industry to regional economic growth has obvious regional characteristics. The government investment in middle and western region contributes to economic growth is higher than that of the

43、eastern region, however, the conclusion is opposite for the non-government investment. In the eastern region, the contribution of government investment in the health care industry to regional economic growth is less than that of non-government investment, and the contribution of government investmen

44、t in the health care industry to regional economic growth is higher than that of non-government investment. In other words, it shows some different characteristics that the contribution of the health investment in health care industry on regional economic growth in different level of economic develo

45、pment.We think that the marginal income of government investment and the marginal contribution to the economic growth are large for the lagging economy, poor health facilities and low proficiency preventing the health demand from being able to get satisfied in the middle and western region. But in t

46、he eastern region, the marginal income of government investment and the marginal contribution to the economic growth are small, because of the health service can be satisfied for developed economy, good health facilities and good services. It can not only improve the services and access to medicine

47、but also is the crucial guarantee of economic growth and social development which government increase their investment in health care industry in the middle and western region.4 CountermeasuresFirst, pay attention to the coordinated development of health industry and social economyTo establish a sci

48、entific concept of development and a reasonable choice of health development system and scale, increase efficiency and fairness, guarantee the sustainable development of health industry and not make it become a burden of social economy development.Second, improve the public finance policy, increase financial investmentAll levels of governments should increase its investment in the health industry, increase the proportion of health investment to gdp, establish investme