中考英语部分题型解题技巧(共10页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上 中考英语部分题型答题技巧一、完型填空解题技巧 “完形填空”要求考生不仅要会运用自己学过的词汇和语法知识（特别提醒：所以平时单词的背诵、短语的积累及语法知识的掌握很重要，强调平时的积累）妥善地处理好每个单句，理解语义，还要处理好单句之间以及单句与全文之间的内在关系，选出适当的词填上，使文章完整与通顺。“完形填空”旨在测试考生的综合应用语言能力。因此，要做好“完形填空”，不仅要具备一定的词法、句法和惯用法等语法知识，而且还要具备阅读理解能力、综合分析能力和运用语言知识的实践能力。在做完形填空题时，通常先弄清语境，并依据上下文进行合理的分析、判断，才能作出恰当的选择。具体

2、可分为以下三步：1. 通览全文，了解大意答题时，应先越过空档，通读全文，理顺题意，找出信息词。（特别提醒：所以做完型时也最好有拿笔做记号的习惯）。这是做好完形填空题的关键。因为完形填空的特点是着眼于整体理解。有些同学习惯于提笔就填或边读边填，急于求成，然而，欲速则不达，结果往往由于只见树木不见森林而事倍功半。因此我们应该依据首句给的启示，通过逻辑思维，借助短文中关键词所提供的信息，越过空档，尽快把全文读完，建立语言的整体感，帮助我们了解短文大意。（特别提醒：通读目的主要看时态，人物，地点和事件）2. 细读全文，并开始做题，先易后难通览全文后，认真观察选项，瞻前顾后，仔细推敲，逐项选定（特别提醒

3、：切记要上下文联系在一起选项）。遇到困难，暂放一边，先易后难，这是解题之道。当遇到难以判断的空档时，不妨先放一边，继续往下做。因为有些答案是必须通过下文的理解后才能作出断定的。有时，前后信息之间还有相互提示作用。因此，当我们遇到难题时，不能久久停留于此，这样会浪费不必要的时间。3. 复读检验，消除疏漏完成所有空档后，还要再次通读全文，看看这时的短文行文是否流畅，意义是否连贯，逻辑关系是否合理。复查时，可从语法入手，检查一下句子的时态、主谓一致、代词的性、数、格以及词语的搭配等是否正确。实例点拨请根据下面短文内容，在短文后面的四个选项中选择一个能填入空白处的最佳答案。Every year stu

4、dents in many countries learn English. Some of these students are children, _1_ students are young people. Why do all these people want to learn_2_? It is not_3_to answer this question. Many boys and girls learn English at school. It is one of their _4_. Many people learn English because it is_5_in

5、their work. Some young people learn English_6_their higher studies because some of their books are_7_English. Other people learn English because they want to _8_newspapers in English. Some people learn English because they want to _9_ in the USA, England or Australia. English is very_10_in our life

6、(生活).( ) 1. A. all B. the other C. both D. other( ) 2. A. English B. Chinese C. maths D. Japanese( ) 3. A. hard B. easy C. good D. nice( ) 4. A. books B. classes C. schools D. subjects( ) 5. A. good B. useful C. fine D. pleased( ) 6. A. for B. of C. to D. from( ) 7. A. in B. with C. at D. of ( ) 8.

7、A. look B. see C. look at D. read( ) 9. A. go B. work C. like D. come( ) 10. A. help B. helping C. helps D. helpful 二、阅读理解的解题技巧（一）先读问题，弄清考查要点，以便能带着问题看文章，这样会心中有数。 一般问题的顺序是根据原文段落安排的顺序来提问的，所以再看每个问题时可以按照段落顺序的安排来快速定位问题里的相关字眼。（二）快速浏览全文，注意发现与问题有关的信息和字眼并用笔划出来做出记号，带着问题去做题，同时选择答案，必要时用排除法，文章中一般有答案，有的甚至是原原本本的，如

8、果时间紧，至少要扫视一下起首段和尾段。（三）再看问题时再浏览原文定位到问题的相关字眼时并在原文里不能直接找到答案的要细读原文里的某些段落或句子，捕捉相关信息词，掌握短文细节内容。这是解题的关键，应特别注意以下几点：1 抓住四个W和一个H，就是边读边用铅笔做些标记，把What (事件)，When （时间），Where（地点），Why（原因），How（经过）划出来。抓住了四个“W”和一个“H”，就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接性的问题便可解决。2抓住连接词及起关键作用的副词、代词、介词、插入语等。因为这些词具有因果，让步，递进，转折，指代，列举及承上启下等各种连接上下文的特殊功能。这对考生分清文章层次

9、，辨明各种关系，了解人物心理，推断作者意图，进行逻辑推理等手段来分析难点，都具有举足轻重的作用。3 注意领会文章的寓意。4根据题意，初选答案。这一步须仔细审题，领会测试要求，确定解题方法。对那些明显的，有把握的题可以断然确定，不必把其余三个答案再作推敲而浪费时间：有些略难的题，应再查阅短文（不是重读一遍），迅速找出依据，予以排除。常用的解题方法有如下几种： 直接解题法。即从原文中直接找出答案。 归纳解题法。对于不能从原文中直接找出答案的可在把握全文中心和线索的前题下进行概括、归纳得出正确答案。 综合推理法。读者需统观全文，认真分析，综合推理及至计算，最后归纳出正确答案。题干中有suggest,

10、 conclude, conclusion, probably, reason, because, according to“等字眼时，属于推断概括型，考查内容着眼于全篇，考生应具备一定的分析归纳，推理等逻辑思维能力。 捕捉关键词。在阅读时应该注意与问题相关的同义词，近义词，反义词或同位词等信息词来得出正确答案。 转换解题法。即原文这么说，而在问题和所给选项中则用另外的词去转换一种说法，但仍表示同一含义。 排除法。根据语言，句法结构，信息词和常识，在没有把握的选项中用排除法得出正确答案。典型例题分析（一）根据内容，从短文后每题的四个选项中选择最佳的一项。Mr Brown first went

11、to look at the underground - fire when he was seven. Through the hole（洞）in the earth you could see the orange fire, but you had to look fast because it was so hot, said Mr Brown. In 1898, he saw the fire once more（再一次）.Now, we can only see the smoke. The fire Mr Brown saw is not the underground - fi

12、re. In fact, there are 260 coal（煤）fires in the world. They are harmful（有害）and dangerous. Then how to put them out?Scientists have tried to set（放置）fire to underground coal to speed up（加速）the fires. In this way, the burning（燃烧）of underground coal would be soon finished.（被烧完）。1. Mr Brown first saw the

13、underground - fire _.A. at the age of seven B. seven years old C. in the year of 1898 D. more than（超过）80 years ago2. Mr Brown said that we had to take a fast look at the fire because _.A. it was in the hole B. it was very hot C. it was orange D. it was harmful3. How many coal fires are there in the

14、world?A. Theres only one. B. Its hard to say. C. There are 260. D. The article（文章）doesnt tell us. 4. Whats one of the best ways to put out（扑灭）the underground fire? A. To cover（覆盖）the holes with stones（石块） B. To speed up the fires. C. To see the fires burning. D. To do some experiments（试验）. 5. What i

15、s the best title（标题）for the article? A. Watching the Underground - Fire. B. A Way to Put Out the Coal Fires. C. The Burning Earth. D. Coal and Coal Fires. （二） 1990 was a significant year in world eventsIn February，Nelson Mandela was set free after 27 years in prisonIn October，East and West Germany b

16、ecame one country againThen at the end of 1990，the World Wide Web was bornFor this final event we have one man to thank，Tim Berners Lee，the father of the Web Berners Lee was born on June 8，1955 in London，EnglandHis parents，both computer designers，encouraged him to think and work creatively as he gre

17、w upHe was an excellent student and naturally took an interest in computers and science After graduating from Oxford University，Tim went to work at a science research centre in SwitzerlandThere he developed some of the different systems that would later become the WebThe first was HTML，the computer

18、language used to make web pagesThe second was an address system that let computers anywhere find each other and send and receive informationIn 1990，while still at the science centre in Switzerland，he put them together to make the first Internet browser(浏览器)It could run on any computer and allowed pe

19、ople to create website to share their information with the rest of the world Tim knew that the more people used the Web，the more useful it would beHe wasnt interested in money but knowledge，so he gave out his invention for free to anyone who was interestedMany were interested and the growth of the I

20、nternet began Today Tim works as a professor at the MIT in America，researching new and interesting ways to use the WebHe has received many awards from governments and organizations for his effortsHe is still not very interested in moneyThat is why he is so admired by his students and workmatesIt may

21、 also be one of the reasons that few people outside the world of technology know his name阅读短文，根据短文内容选择最佳答案。( ) 1The underlined word significant (in Paragraph 1) most probably means _ Astrange Bterrible Cimportant Ddifficult( ) 2Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? AThe

22、 address system was used to make web pages BThe World Wide Web was created in Switzerland CThe first web browser was very expensive to buy DMany people could use the Internet before 1990( ) 3What can we learn about Berners Lee from the passage? AHe was encouraged to be creative BHe didnt do well at

23、school CHe is a very poor businessman DHe is well known all over the world( ) 4Where does Berners Lee live today? AEngland BSwitzerland CAmerica DCanada( ) 5What is the passage mainly about? A.The events that took place in 1990 B.The history of the Internet C.The invention of the Internet browser D.

24、The man who created the Word Wide Web三、语法填空语法填空题旨在考查考生在语篇中综合运用语言知识的能力。它不但要求考生有扎实的词汇、语法等基础知识和对句型结构的灵活运用能力，而且还要求考生有良好的语感和一定的阅读理解能力。一篇文章10个空，每空1分。其中，一般6个空是有提示词的，相当于用所给词的正确形式填空；另外4个是没有提示词的，需要我们填入连词，代词，介词，冠词等虚词。要做好语法填空需要掌握以下三点：一、解题步骤:1、快速浏览，了解大意。对于简单有把握的空，可以先填出来；2、上下求索，填出答案。根据上下文及空格前后的逻辑关系，填出正确的词以及正确的形式；

25、3、通读全文，检查确认。特别要注意，根据文章意思，有些空是否要加入否定前缀。二、解题思路:1、有提示词这类题和咱们以前用所给词的正确形式填空做题方法基本一致，首先需要我们根据上下文，分析句子成分，确定空格所需要的词性，再根据前后文确定词形。(1)如果要填入动词，我们需要判断到底是谓语动词和非谓语动词。如果缺谓语动词，就要考虑到时态和语态的变化。若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，那么我们应该填入非谓语动词，这时我们需要确定到底是to do， doing还是done的形式。(2)如果需要填入名词，我们则需要判断是否有单复数的变化。(3)如果需要填入形容词、副词。首先，我们要确认到底是填形容词还

26、是副词。形容词一般用来修饰名词，代词，或作表语；副词一般用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或整个句子。其次，我们还要考虑是否需要变成比较级或最高级。2、无提示词无提示词的空格一般需要填入冠词，代词，介词，连词(并列连词和从属连词)等虚词。(1)名词前面一般用冠词，代词或介词等。(2)缺主语或宾语，一般填代词。(3)并列的两个或多个单词，短语，或句子之间设空，一般填入并列连词and， but， or等。(4)两句之间，如果不是并列句，则很可能是主从句，因此需要填入从属连词(what，which， who， how， when等)。比如宾语从句，定语从句或者是状语从句的连接词。这种空格需要同学们根据句子结

27、构，分析到底是什么从句，从而选择合适的从属连词。通过分析，语法填空题也不过如此!关键在于我们要学会做题方法，勤加练习，学会总结。三、即时演练：Passage 1（2016台州）School was over. Usually Davids mother would take him home from school but today she was not here. David decided to go home alone 1_ foot, and it took him about half 2 _ hour. When he got home, he couldnt get in

28、3_ he did not bring his keys. He knocked on the door，but no one answered. David thought his mother 4_ (be) in the toilet, so he waited patiently for her. After a few 5_ (minute), David knocked again, but still no one answered. “What is happening? Is there anything wrong with my mother?” he thought t

29、o 6_ (he) and got worried. Just at that moment, he heard the 7_ (friend) voice of his neighbor, John. David told him that no one was home, and John asked him 8_ (stay) in his house. Two hours later, when Davids mother got back, he 9_ (play) games with John. 10_ happy he was to see his mother!Passage

30、 2（2016绍兴）The whole school was talking about the winter camp. And everyone was looking forward 1_ it except me because I thought I would get homesick. But it was the way we grew up.When arriving at the camp, we 2_ (ask) to ski(滑雪) down to field by the coach. I skied 3 _ (careful), but I still hit a

31、piece of ice and fell down. “Ha! Ha!” Behind me, somebody started laughing. I looked back to see 4_ was laughing at me. To my surprise, I saw 5_ girl in the same embarrassing position I was in. “I thought Id be bad at this, but it seems 6_ (difficult) than I expected!” she said. Suddenly, I started

32、laughing, too. After being so afraid of 7_ (fall), it was a comfort not to fear it anymore.The next day, 8_ I didnt want to go ski jumping, I was chosen to do that first. But when my 9_ (foot) left the ground, I felt I was flying and it was wonderful.Just do your best 10_ (meet) every challenge. You

33、ll never imagine how much you will get.四、中考分类作文好词好句4. 彼此沟通信息get information about 了解 express ones idea（feelings）in English用英语表达自己的思想（情感） apologize to sb. for 为向某人道歉thank you for 感谢你 take a message for sb. 给某人带口信hear from sb. 从（某人处）听说 explain sth . to sb. 向某人解释某事look upon sb as 把某人认为 take sbs side 站在

34、某人一边；支持某人5. 事件中人的态度show sb ones thanks 表示感谢 give sb a meaningful smile冲某人意味深长的一笑 call on sb. to do sth . 号召某人做某事 think highly of sb. 对某人评价很高 force sb. to do sth . 强迫某人做某事 offer to do sth . 主动提出做某事 refuse to do sth . 拒绝做某事 agree to do sth . 同意做某事 regret doing sth . 遗憾做过某事6. 事情过程do sth . as usual 像平常一

35、样做某事 do what he wants us to do做他让我们做的事 try ones best to do sth . = go all out to do sth .尽力做某事 get into trouble 陷入困境help sb. out 帮助某人解决困难；帮忙 have the habit of doing sth .有做某事的习惯have no trouble in doing sth . 做某事没困难 make up ones mind to do sth .下决心做某事 give up doing sth . 放弃做某事 find a way to do sth .

36、找到做某事的pass the time doing sth . 做某事来消磨时间 cant help doing sth . 禁不住做某事feel a little excited about doing sth .对做某事感到有一点兴奋 7. 感官活动与思维活动be delighted in doing 做某事很愉快 take a pleasure in doing sth . 做某事很高兴be sick for ones home 怀念家乡 have a strong desire to do sth .对做某事有强烈的愿望。 catch sight of 看见have a good un

37、derstanding of 对能很好地理解consider sb. （sth.）to be 认为某人（某物） come to know 开始认识到realize that +从句 认识到五、中考建议： 一、抛开浮躁，心平气和有需要。 知识是关键，但心态也是重要的影响因素。 一般考生在临考前经常会出现两种极端的心态：过度放松或者过度紧张。导致最后的宝贵时光荒废在挣扎之中。考生首先是将心态放平和。 二、合理计划，按部就班是最佳。 英语是一门积累性学科，所以站在最后的几天的临界线上，每个考生的实力已经基本定型，想在临考的时间里有质的突破是不现实的。但如果在最后制定合理的计划进行针对性的复习，充分挖

38、掘自己的实力，力争考出自己的真实水平是完全可能的。同时，为了帮助考生制定 “考前三天”冲刺复习，针对性提出以下几点建议，以供参考。 1、切忌身陷题海战术，温故更重要 不论学生的成绩好坏，总会有粗心的时候，希望这个时候各位学生和家长能够警惕：粗心不是借口，粗心的源头便是知识点掌握不扎实。所以，考前进行大量的练习是不科学的，而就已经错过的知识点进行查漏补缺才是王道。 考生应该仔细回顾从前做过的试卷和习题，将试卷中的错题进行梳理，归类，配合以往的笔记，通过对试卷的分析，将频繁出现的错题逐一攻克。在查漏补缺的同时，考生还需要注意两点： （1）采用联想式的方法进行同步复习，如在温习一个单词或词组时，可以联系相关的同义词，反义词和近义词。 （2）注意去年的考题中出现的“旧词新意”，即考察课本中学过的单词在课本中没有出现的用法和词义。这一类的考纲范围内的扩展试题出现的越来越频繁，考生却常常措手不及。2、切忌情系难题泥淖，返璞归真更重要 经历过中考的第一轮复习之后，考生通常是在模拟考和大量的习题中度过，因此与课本也渐行渐远。但是，分析了近几年中考真题之后，我们可以说，中考题还是来源于课本因此，最后三天，要坚持每天背诵课本单词，回顾课本中的文章和句子。专心-专注-专业