过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语(共5页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语过去分词具有形容词特性，在句中可以作定语、表语和宾语补足语。一、过去分词做定语1. 表示情绪的过去分词作定语：The worried look deepened upon her face. 她脸上的愁容加重了。Martins confused sorrows turned to optimism. 马丁烦乱的悲哀情绪转而变成了乐观情绪。She could hear his agitated voice. 她可以听到他激动的声音。2. 其他过去分词作定语。printed matter印刷品 a written report 书面报告gu

2、ided missile导弹 armed forces 武装力量smoke fish熏鱼 canned food 罐头食品required courses必修课 classified document 机密文件animated cartoons动画片 furnished rooms 有家具的房间3. 由过去分词构成的合成形容词作定语：air-conditioned rooms 有空调的房间 hand-made goods 手工操作泵a well-dressed woman 穿着讲究的女子 a cautiously-worded statement 措辞谨慎的声明4. 及物动词的过去分词作定语一

3、般表示被动和完成，而不及物动词的过去分词只有完成的意思：the risen sun初升的太阳 vanished jewels消失了的珠宝returned students 归国留学生fallen leaves 落叶a dated map 过时的地图注：有些带-ed结尾的词，并不是过去分词，而是由名词变化而来的形容词：skilled workers 熟练工人 salaried class 工薪阶层 有些合成形容词也是由“名词+ed”构成： good-natured天性善良的 one-sided 片面的 absent-minded心不在焉的 muddle-headed 糊里糊涂的5. 过去分词作定

4、语一般放在所修饰名词之前，过去分词短语作定语放在所修饰名词之后面，作用接近于一个定语从句：Whats the language spoken in that country? 那个国家讲的是什么语言？This is something unheard of in history. 这是史无前例的事。The play put on by the teachers was a big success. 老师们表演的戏很成功。6. 有时单个过去分词也放在所修饰的名词之后：They didnt allow us to make the alterations suggested. 他们不允许我们作提出

5、的修改。The designers decided to change the materials used. 设计者决定改变所用的材料。The man concerned was her husband. 有关的人是她的丈夫。How much time is there left? 还剩下多少时间？7.作定语的过去分词常指已经完成的动作，若要表示现在正在进行的动作，要用现在分词的被动形式：We must keep a secret of the things being discussed here. 我们必须对在此讨论的问题保密。What do you think of the summi

6、t meeting being held in Vienna? 你对正在维也纳召开的峰会有什么看法？I knew nothing about the experiment being conducted there. 我对在那里进行的试验一无所知。二、过去分词作表语 1. 过去分词作表语的时候很多，其中有很多已变成形容词：He was amazed and enchanted at the sight. 看到这情景他感到惊异着迷。She was annoyed at your saying that. 你这样讲她很不高兴。We were so bored that we couldnt hel

7、p yawning. 我们烦得要命禁不住打哈欠。They were very pleased with the girl. 他们很喜欢这姑娘。I am afraid Im slightly drunk. 可能我有一点醉了。Im obliged to you for all youve done for us. 我很感激你为我们所做的一切。The couple were devoted to each other. 这对夫妻十分恩爱。2. 这种结构和被动语态是有差别的，“be+表语”结构表示一种状态，而被动语态表示一个动作，比较下面句子：be+表语结构（表示状态） 被动语态（表示动作）The s

8、hop is closed now. Its usually closed at 8 oclock.The town is surrounded by hills. Soon they were surrounded by bandits.The room is deserted. She has been deserted by her husband.三、过去分词作宾语补足语，构成复合宾语1. 在某些动词后可用过去分词构成复合宾语：Well get her X-rayed. 我们要给她透视。Ive recently had my appendix removed. 我最近把盲肠割了。Hav

9、e you ever heard a song sung in Japanese? 你听过用日语唱的歌吗？Rarely had I seen him so worked-up. 我很少见他这样激动过。He watched the bed carried out of the door. 他看着床被搬出去。We all wished the problem settled. 我们都希望这问题得到解决。She didnt want her daughter taken out after dark. 她不希望天黑后女儿被带出门。He felt a great weight taken off hi

10、s mind. 他感到心头如释重负。Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open. （谚）少说多看。The scents made her drunk. 这些气味使她陶醉。How would you like your hair cut? 你喜欢把头发剪成什么式样？He found the house deserted. 他发现房子里空无一人。At 4:30 p.m. the chairman declared the session closed. 下午四点半主席宣布闭会。He acknowledged himself defeated. 他承认自己被打败了

11、。We do consider ourselves justified in doing so. 我们的确认为我们这样做是有道理的。2. 介词with 后有时也可以跟这类复合宾语：He sat with his arms clasped round his knees. 他双手抱膝坐着。All afternoon he worked with the door locked. 整个下午他都锁着门在家工作。That year ended with nothing settled. 那一年什么事也没解决就结束了。【巩固练习】单项选择：1. The managers discussed the pl

12、an that they would like to see _ the next year.A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out2. The computer center, _ last year, is very popular among the students. A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened3. Cleaning women in big cities usually get _ by the hour. A. pay B. paying

13、C. paid D. to pay 4. As we joined the big crowd I got _ from my friends. A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missed 5. Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited 6. Please remain _; the winner of the prize will be announced s

14、oon. A. seating B. seated C. to seat D. to be seated7. The Olympic Games，_ in 776 BC, did not include women players until 1912. A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be first playing 8. Good morning. Can I help you？ Id like to have this package _, madam. A. be weighed B. to be

15、 weighed C. to weigh D. weighed 9. The murderer was brought in, with his hands _ behind his back. A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied 10. The speaker raised his voice but still couldnt make himself _. A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard 11. Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to seeth

16、e washing machine she had had _went wrong again. A. it B. it repaired C. repairedD. to be repaired12. It is wise to have some money_forold age. A. put away B. keep up C. give away D. laid up13. Laws that punish parents for their little childrens actions against the laws get parents _.A. worried B. t

17、o worryC. worrying D. worry 14. The trees _ in the storm have been moved off the road. A. being blown down B. blown downC. blowing down D. to blow down15. The Town Hall _ in the 1800s was the most distinguished building at that time.A. to be completed B. having been completedC. completed D. being co

18、mpleted【答案及解析】1. C 该题句式结构较为复杂。首先，先行词the plan后跟一个由that引导的定语从句；在定语从句中，关系代词that替代the plan，又充当动词see的宾语，因此该空处于宾语补足语的位置；另外，the plan与carry out之间是动宾关系，故答案为C，构成see sth. done结构。 2. D 考查过去分词作定语。句中computer center与open之间为被动关系。此外open作及物动词时意思为“打开，开张，开办，开设”，强调动作，不侧重状态，故不用形容词性的open。B、C为现在分词，不符合题意。3. C 过去分词paid作系动词ge

19、t的表语，类似的用法还有：get married，get beaten，get excited，get caught in等。4. A 句意为：当我们走进人群中时，我和朋友们分开了。 5. A 句中的most of the artists与invited之间是被动关系，故应选用过去分词，相当于who were invited。6. B remain 在此为系动词，seated 相当于一个形容词，表示“坐好的”，作表语。7. C 根据题意可知，the Olympic Games与play之间是被动关系，因此可以排除A和D，另外B表示将来的动作，也应排除，故答案为C。它可还原成一个非限制性定语从句

20、：which was first played in 776 BC。 8. D have sth. done是固定结构，意为“让别人去做某事”或“让某事被别人完成”。该题表示“我想让别人称这个包裹”，因此答案为D，过去分词weighed作this package的宾语补足语。 9. D 在with复合结构中，hands与tie之间含有被动关系，因此首先排除B。另外此处tied不但表示被动，还可以表示完成，因此A、C又可排除，故答案为D。 10. D make oneself heard为固定结构，意为“使自己的声音被别人听到”。再如make oneself understood表示“把自己的意

21、思表达清楚”。11. C 根据句子的结构句子的谓语动词是went，she had had引导的是定语从句，从句的谓语部分是have sth. done的结构，所以本题考查的是过去分词做宾语补足语的用法。12. A 根据some money与 put away的关系应为被动，该题考查have sth. done的结构，此结构为过去分词短语作宾补。13. A 这是一个复合句，主句是Laws get parents worried。get + sb.后接不定式意思为“叫某人做某事”，如果接过去分词则意思为“使某人怎么样”，根据句子的意思应为“那些幼小子女违法而惩罚其父母的法律条款让父母们忧心忡忡”。14. B 根据题干中have been moved off the road可知，树是已被吹倒的，blown down作定语表示动作已发生，且与被修饰词The trees是被动关系。15. C 过去分词作定语表示被动和已经完成的动作。根据时间状语 in the 1800s 可判断出要用过去分词作定语。不定式的被动式作定语表示将要被做的事。现在分词作定语表示正在被做的事。专心-专注-专业