高中阅读七选五题型分析和解题方法(无答案)(共8页).docx

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上高中阅读七选五题型分析和解题方法一、题型简介给出一篇约300词的短文中留出5个空白，要求考生从所给的7个选项中选出最佳选项，使补足后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯。二、考查重点主要考察考生对上下文的推理判断能力、对文章基本结构的理解能力以及还原信息、完形短文的能力。（考试说明）三、题材特点以说明文或议论文为主。有时也有记叙文四、选项特点1、主旨概括句（文章整体内容）2、过渡性句子（文章结构）3、注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）4、标题型：短小精悍 （名称型短语，祈使句）5、首句型： 1） 首段首句：点出主题，引出下文。 2） 中间段首句：本段主题，上下文承接。 3） 末段首句：

2、 文章主题，总结全文。七选五解题技巧一、方法n 看文章结构n 找关键词n 找逻辑关系大标题短小精悍，大写大标题Step 1 Structure 文章结构What to expect at high school Are you super worried about what to expect at high school? Well, guess what? Everyone is! The following tips will help guide you safely through your first day! Be on timeWhen meeting someone for

3、 .Introduce yourself and ask for namesMake sure you properly.Smile!小标题Its the easiest way to let someone know that youre nice!小标题短小精悍，结构一致Be fun! Listen! Be fun!_G_ Think about the people you most enjoy being withusually they are always on the up and up. Being fun makes people happy and brightens th

4、e way they think of you. It makes you seem like you truly love life and you can deal with any problems that you have to face.段首概括文段，与小标题相呼应A.Change!B.Ask a question!C.Classwork is a great icebreaker.D.Say “hello” and see what happens. E.And dont just talk about yourself all the time.F.Even the shyes

5、t person can manage a little smile.G.We all prefer spending time with people who make us feel happy. How fast can a home remodeling(改造)段中承上启下project be completed? _A_ At least, thats the time requirement of the popular TV show called Trading Spaces. A.About 48 hours.B.Wow! Thats great!C.But you didn

6、t see that on the show. D.They loved redecorating their neighbors place.E.It sometimes takes several months to remodel a home.F.But one couple in Portland, Oregon, hated their new room.G.The people who appear on the show are actors and they enjoy the experience.They work a lot more. Almost every ext

7、remely successful person works more hours than the average persona lot more. They have long lists of things they want to get done. _D_段尾总结，承上启下A.They avoid the crowds.B.They are never too proud.C.Decide where you want to end up. D.So they have to put in lots of time.E.Keep in mind selling isnt contr

8、olling.F.Successful people dont try to win just one race.G.But youll work a lot harder if there is no other choice.小结一 Structure 文章结构n 大标题n 小标题n 段首n 段中n 段尾Step 2 Key words 关键词n Before you shake hands with somebody, make sure that your hands are clean. The handshake should not be too strong or weak.

9、Most people use their right hands, unless they have a reason to use the left._C_同词重复A. It could be a similar taste in clothes or a common hobby. B. Youll be in serious trouble if you leave them with a bad impression.C. However, dont have your left hand in your pockets because this appears impolite.A

10、 birthday surprise Nathan woke up early and raced into the kitchen. He saw his family preparing their breakfast just like every other day._B_ Where was his birthday cake? Did his family forget his special day?同构复现A. And there was nobody. B. Where were his birthday presents? 同构词C. All he saw was a no

11、t no the ground. Dont forget to wear a helmet(头盔) Whether youre a beginner or an expert, youre going to fall, and sometimes youre going to fall hard. “I went down to one run that was pretty hard,” Nate, a skiing learner, says, “ C ”You dont have to buy a lot of expensive and new gear(装备) Some skiers

12、 who owned nice winter jackets couldnt go on the trip. E “I have a neighbor who let me borrow some of his gear. That was very helpful,” says 13-year-old Matt Rizer.同畴词A. Dont worry about falling. B. I felt like I was learning pretty quickly. C. I fell down and I was glad I was wearing a helmet.D. Do

13、nt think that you ski well enough not to wear a helmet. E. So they lent their clothes to other skiers.同构词n fall fell （不同时态）n beauty beautifuln act action （不同词性）n mate roommate n police policeman （相同词根）同畴词 （畴：范畴）n jacket(夹克) clothes (衣服) 夹克是衣服中的一种。如：fruit： apple, orange, banana furniture bed, table,

14、armchair sports: running, swimming, jumping类别具体近义词n Sometimes kids are glad to hear a “no” from their parents._B_A. There are two types of parents love. B. It seems a happy feeling to get out of parents control.反义词When we change our jobs or schools, it often leaves us without a friend. _A_ But for m

15、any of us the process is difficult and requires courage.A. Making new friends comes easy for some people.B. For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch. 空格句在段首段落主题句：阅读后文的内容，推断出段落主题，选出正确选项。过渡句：在后文找不到解题线索时，就要想到空格句子可能起到承上启下的作用，试着从上一段的结尾处寻找线索。正确选项通常与上一段结尾能够自然地衔接起来。 空格句在段尾总结、概括性句子：阅读选项，先搜寻选项中是否

16、有表总结的词、词组，如in conclusion，in summary,in a word, therefore等等；再看哪个选项是对前文内容的总结、概括。过渡句：引出下一段的内容。如果在前文中找不到线索，就从下一段的开头寻找提示，看看是否有哪个选项可以和下一段开头形成有机的衔接。本段所阐述问题的一个方面：段尾的空格句是段落主题下的一个细节，和前文是并列、排比、转折等关系。抓住关联词或段落结构，对比选项，得出答案。首段末句：空格句在第一段末尾出现，很有可能是全文的主题句。此时要把握全文主题来分析作答。小结二 Key words 关键词n 同词重复n 同构复现（相同句型结构，相同词不同结构）Ti

17、p: 就近原则n 同畴词n 近义词n 反义词n 需要指出的是，词语复现法解题十分管用，但这并不意味着凡与上下文有复现词的选项就一定是正确选项，只是正确的可能性更大，在解题过程中需重点考虑或优选考虑而已。是否为正确答案，还得将选项代入原文，检验选项与上下文能否自然衔接，只有上下衔接紧密的才是正确选项。Step 3 Logical relationship 逻辑关系n 1. _B_ However, the real movie capital is Mumbai(孟买市), in India.n A. Sometimes they even write the script by hand.n

18、B. Most people think the capital of the movie is Hollywood, in the USA.转折n 2. _A_ This is because some people have certain qualities, which others do not.n A. Some people succeed, while others may not.n B. As the famous saying goes, “No pains, no gains.”因果n 3._A_ In the other words, when you are in

19、love with someone, you may refuse to see anything bad about that person.n A. Another proverb says “Love is blind.”n B. Proverbs are found in most cultures and are often very old.解释n 4. Taking good notes is a time saving skill that will help you to become a better student in several ways._B_ Second,

20、your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test.n A. You must write your notes on separate paper.n B. First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember.并列（顺序）小结三 Logical Relationship 逻辑关系n 转折n 因果n 解释n 并列（顺序）n 常见的逻辑关系词并列

21、： also, too, then, and, as well as, not onlybut also, first, second, firstly, next, for one thing, for another thing, eitheror, neithernor因果： for, because, because of, such, since, as, therefore, thus, hence, accordingly, as a result, consequently, so转折： however, nevertheless, nonetheless, still, th

22、ough, yet, in spite of, at any rate, in any case, on the contrary, in contrast, by contrast, in comparison, by comparison, conversely, otherwise, but, while.解释： in fact, actually, for example, in other words, as a matter of fact, that is to say.递进： further, furthermore, more over, whats more, beside

23、s, in addition, not onlybut also小结四 代词指代当选项，空格前后出现代词，一定要重视，绝对是解题的超级线索。出现代词，就说明前文中有代词指代的具体人或事物。利用这一线索，解答题目就相当的简单。When someone else says that his memory is poor, he really means that he does not give it enough opportunity to become strong. _C_ One of them exercises his arms and legs by playing tennis,

24、 while the other sits in a chair or a motor car all day.A. Why is this?B. What do you think of it?C. The position is exactly the same as that of two people.D. So if you want a good memory, learn from the poor: practice remembering.E. Yet many people do not seem to know that the memory works in the same way.F. When someone else says that he is poor in the health, we often say sorry to hear that.G. But if he tells us that he has a poor memory, many of us think that his parents are to blame, or that he is just unlucky.专心-专注-专业