2020年中考英语阅读理解专题练习《热点话题》(共22页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上2020年中考英语阅读理解专题练习热点话题新科技Passage 1(2019台州)Brooke wanted a dollhouse and some sugar cookies. So the 6yearold asked Alexa to get them. Alexa wasnt her mom or babysitter. It was a voiceactivated home assistant powered by AI(人工智能). And it made Brookes wishes come true. A few days later, much

2、 to her parents surprise, a $170 dollhouse and four pounds of cookies showed up. They ate the cookies and gave away the dollhouse to a local hospital. And thats not the end of the story. When a news reporter told the story of what happened on TV, Alexa devices(设备)in many listeners homes woke up and

3、tried to order dollhouses!Alexa isnt the only AI willing to serve you. Apple Homepod has Siri, Google Home has its Assistant, and the upcoming Galaxy Home device will have Bixby. People who have these devices use them mainly for listening to music, checking the weather, and setting timers. According

4、 to a report from The Information, nowadays voice shopping is rare. But many scientists predict a boom(增长) in voice shopping in the near future. Is that a good thing?_. You can shout out an order as soon as you think of it, even if you are cooking, cleaning, or driving. In addition, people with disa

5、bilities who are unable to use a keyboard or mouse can shop without any help.But voice shopping has its disadvantages. Unwanted dollhouses arent the biggest problem. Its usually very easy to cancel an order or return products. The thing that worries some people is that these assistants are always li

6、stening. They have to be able to respond when you want them. So they listen for “Alexa” or “OK Google” or another order. When they hear it, they start recording the conversation. Some have worried about what happens to these recordings. Should companies be allowed to use them to learn about peoples

7、shopping habits? And what if someone hacks(入侵) the device? The CIA found a way to hack smart TVs to turn them into spies that listen all the time. Others could do the same with any smart device.What do you think? Are you ready to start voice shopping?( )1. From the passage, we know that Alexa _A. ca

8、n look after the baby B. can cook delicious foodC. is a toy doll sold online D. is one kind of AI device( )2. The underlined word “rare” in Paragraph 2 probably means _A. unusual B. expensive C. harmful D. impossible( )3. Which of the following is the best to fill in the “_” in Paragraph 3?A. Conven

9、ience is the main advantage of voice shoppingB. The cost of voice shopping is lower than other waysC. The popularity of voice shopping is increasingD. The technology of voice shopping needs improving( )4. Paragraph 4 mainly tells us that _ when people try voice shopping.A. AI sometimes forgets peopl

10、es ordersB. personal information might be hackedC. its difficult to cancel or return productsD. the needs for products cant be satisfiedPassage 2(2019宿迁)Technology is developing fast and it has become an important part of our life. Then what will the world be like in the future?3D food will be both

11、delicious and nutritious(有营养的). We can use 3D printers to print some basic materials. _ And we can go further. Scientists believe that we just need to turn on a printer in the kitchens and then we can enjoy our favourite food whenever we like._ 5G network will allow many more people to get informati

12、on. Big companies like China Mobile and China Unicom will start to offer 5G. It is said that 5G promises download speeds 10 to 20 times faster than 4G. For example, we can download a film within just 1 second. But with a 4G network, it takes a few minutes. There will be much bandwidth(带宽) and we can

13、 get unlimited(无限的) information.Underwater cities will provide more space. The earth is becoming more and more crowded. We may turn to underwater homes, which will be built as low as 15 kilometers below the sea. And the different temperatures at the different depths(深度) of the sea can be used to pro

14、vide power for the homes._ For us common people on the earth, the dream of travelling around space will come true. In the coming years, spacecraft will be as popular as buses, trains and planes. We can leave our home and enter space to take an adventure(冒险). And even we will get used to living there

15、.A robot will be a part of life. Robots can do many of the same things as we humans do like driving cars. But they will be used in other areas as well. They will be able to think. They can tell the difference between right and wrong. They can feel sadness or joy. When we are lonely, they can have a

16、talk with us like real friends._ In a word, just as Jules Verne said, “Anything one man can imagine, other men can make real.”( )1. According to the passage, which of the following statements about the future world is TRUE?A. 3D food will be easy to make but wont taste good.B. With 5G, users will ge

17、t only a little information.C. Underwater cities will provide more living space.D. A robot will do everything for us human beings.( )2. Where can the sentence “Space tour will be a piece of cake.” be put?A. B. C. D. ( )3. What can we infer(推断) from the passage?A. People will live a hard life in the

18、futureB. Technology will make our future better.C. People will have no real friends in the future.D. Technology will make no difference to our future.( )4. Where does the passage probably come from?A. A storybook. B. A film poster.C. A travel guide. D. A science magazine.Passage 3(2019绍兴)To help Jap

19、anese companies better deal with the increasing number of foreigners visiting the country, Panasonic has created a megaphone(扩音器) which is able to smartly translate Japanese into English, Chinese and Korean.Panasonic named the product “Megahonyaku”. It is a term for the Japanese words for “megaphone

20、” and “translate”， which actually makes a lot of sense because its a megaphone that can translate Japanese into several other languages in real time. When a user speaks Japanese into the megaphone, it recognizes(辨认) and translates what is being said immediately, and outputs the words in English, Chi

21、nese or Korean.It sounds amazing, and seeing it in action is wonderful, but Megahonyaku is not good enough. It cannot translate everything you say, as it only stores 300 common expressions, like “The train has been put off” or “Watch your step”. However, the Japanese company behind Megahonyaku promi

22、ses to add new expressions regularly, which users can get on the Internet.The machine was designed to be used in places like transport stations, airports and places of interest, where quick and exact announcements are needed most. Around 30 Japanese organizations, including the police and guides, ha

23、ve been trying out Megahonyaku for about one year, but Panasonic says it will come onto the market on December 20th. Instead of selling these speech translators, Panasonic plans on renting(出租) them out for less than $183 a month on a threeyear agreement, and offering users future improvements and ne

24、cessary services.Panasonic has also said that it may add support for other languages, like Russian, depending on customers needs. Megahonyaku also includes a touch screen that allows users to choose the language they need their speech translated into.( )1. Panasonic has produced Megahonyaku so that

25、_.A. guides can translate Chinese into Japanese fasterB. Japanese companies can receive foreigners betterC. foreigners can talk with the Japanese freelyD. the Japanese can learn other languages easily( )2. The third paragraph is mainly about the _ of Megahonyaku.A. invention B. importance C. disadva

26、ntage D. history( )3. It can be learnt from Paragraph 4 that Megahonyaku _A. may be popular with the policeB. is widely used in private homesC. will be sold on December 20thD. stores about 30 foreign languages( )4. According to the passage, Panasonic will _ in the future.A. sell Megahonyaku to forei

27、gn visitorsB. bring down the price of MegahonyakuC. change the screen of MegahonyakuD. improve Megahonyaku regularlyPassage 4(2019广安)Artificial intelligence(AI)(人工智能) is the ability of a computer program or a machine. The computer or the machine with AI can think and learn. It is also a field of stu

28、dy that tries to make computers “smart”. John McCarthy, a scientist, came up with(提出) the name “artificial intelligence” over 60 years ago. Many things such as learning and problem solving can be done by computers, though not in the same way as people do.An unusual goal of AI research is to create s

29、pecial computer programs. They can learn, solve problems, and think logically(逻辑地). At present, AI can successfully understand human speech, recognize(识别) human faces, operate selfdriving cars and compete in some game systems like playing Chess. However, some people consider(认为) AI a danger to human

30、s if it develops too quickly. A famous British scientist also was not for this kind of technology.Math is the basic language of AI. If students are good at math, they will be more likely to become successful AI designers(设计者) in the future. We need not only bright students but also average(普通的) stud

31、ents. As for(对于) average students, if they get enough math skills, they can also become successful AI designers. Besides, a good knowledge of computer science is also necessary for AI designing.Scientists hope to create creative(有创造力的) and emotional(有情感的) AI. The AI can possibly understand human fee

32、lings or create art. Many ways and tools have been tried to discover this wide and exciting field.( )1. From Paragraph 1, we know that _A. all problems can be solved by computersB. machines with AI can think and learnC. AI has been around for only 60 yearsD. AI works in the same way as people( )2.Ac

33、cording to the passage, what cant AI do at present?A. Understand human speech.B. Operate selfdriving cars.C. Compete in some game systems.D. Understand human feelings.( )3. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refers to(指的是)_A. chess B. a scientist C. the danger D. AI( )4. According to the passag

34、e, if students want to become successful AI designers, they should learn _ well.A. math and artB. art and technologyC. math and computer scienceD. art and computer science( )5. Paragraph 4 mainly tells us the scientists _ about AI.A. wishes B. worries C. feelings D. discoveriesPassage 5(2019舟山)Fresh

35、 green grass. Hundreds of colorful wild flowers. Water running into little pools. Birds making their homes in boxes. The 9，500squaremetre Augustenborg Botanical Garden may look just like any other wellorganized park but theres a difference. It lies on the roofs(屋顶) of industrial and office buildings

36、 in the city of Malm in Sweden.Green roofs are not a new invention. And now they are getting popular again. The common roofs of a modern city have endless black surfaces with no life or water. Perhaps thats why a garden on a roof becomes such a perfect choice for more and more people.Green roofs are

37、 not just pretty. They also help to moderate the city temperature. The high temperatures on common roofs in the summer can make top floor flats uncomfortably hot. What is more, they play a part in making the cities hotter than the countryside around them, causing the “urban heatisland effect”. On a

38、green roof, however, with its plants and water, temperatures change only a little, as they do in a park. This can greatly cut the costs of heating and cooling in the building below.Also, a green roof takes in rain water, and protects the city drainage(排水) system. _ And small animals and birds can ma

39、ke their homes on it. Thanks to this, the city may become part of nature, rather than something completely separate from it.While the cost of building such a roof can still be higher, it can be cheaper in the long term as a result of energy savings. And wouldnt it be wonderful to be able to walk out

40、 into a garden high above the citys noise and traffic, whether youre at school or in an office or just at home in a tenfloor block?( )1. With the example of Augustenborg Botanical Garden, the writer wants to explain _A. how wildlife is protectedB. what a green roof is likeC. how to organize a good p

41、arkD. what to do with a spare roof( )2. The underlined word “moderate” in Paragraph 3 is the closest in meaning to “_”A. raise B. check C. record D. control( )3. Which of the following is the best sentence to fill in the blank in Paragraph 4?A. A green roof is alive.B. A green roof stops pollution.C

42、. A common roof is noisy.D. A common roof increases the cost.( )4. The purpose of the passage is to_A. discover the problems with green roofsB. introduce the change of green roofsC. show the amazing beauty of green roofsD. describe the advantages of green roofsPassage 6(2019烟台)In 1987, a small compa

43、ny named Huawei was started in Shenzhen. After more than 30 years of development, the company has now beaten Apple and become the worlds secondlargest maker of smartphones behind Koreas Samsung. It has also become the worlds largest supplier(供应商)of 5G.But recently, Huawei faced some difficulties. Th

44、e US. government ordered a ban(禁令)on its sales in America. American officials said Huawei gave information that it collected to the Chinese government. At the same time, the US. government planned to stop selling parts and services to Huawei, which was believed that Huaweis business would be hurt.“W

45、e have never received such a request from Chinese government and we have never tried to get into other system to collect information.” Ren Zhengfei, Huaweis founder and president said.“The ban from the US. would have little effect on our company. Huawei has enough ability to deal with the problems.”

46、 Ren added. In an interview several years ago, Ren Zhengfei said, “I started Huawei with only 4，000 at the beginning, but now it has become a $100 billion company. The_experience_was_not_as_romantic_(浪漫的)as_you_imagine.”Facing the ban of the US., Huawei is growing. Huaweis smartphone sales around th

47、e world rose 50 percent compared to a year earlier in the first three months of 2019. At the same time, sales from both Samsung and Apple fell. So far, Huawei has grown into the worlds largest telecommunication equipment(电信设备)supplier, selling in 170 countries. It may beat Samsung as the largest sma

48、rtphone maker in the near future.( )1. Which company is the largest smartphone supplier of 5G in the world?A. Apple. B. Samsung. C. Huawei. D. Nokia. ( )2. Why did the US. order a ban on Huawei?A. Huaweis sales in America were growing faster than Apple.B. Huawei refused to supply services to the US. government.C. They didnt want Apple to sell parts and services