中考英语语法填空考点和做题技巧(共4页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上语法填空考点和做题技巧一、知识精讲1语法填空题解题步骤： （1）浏览全文，把握语篇 把握其大意，因为“语义”决定着空白处应填一个什么意思的词，并采用什么样的语法形式。要弄清文章的体裁、题材、中心思想等，有利于在“填空”时进行必要的逻辑推理。 （2）边读边填，先易后难 遇到一时想不起来的空，先跳过去，不要用太多的时间停留在一个单词上。 （3）验证复查，清除难点 将所有答案“填进”短文并进行通读，以最后确定答案。2语法填空题考查形式及考点分布：（1） 出题方式：设关键词和不设关键词。（2）设关键词：考查形容词、副词或者动词的用法。形容词、副词：考查比较级和最高级，备考方法

2、：准确判断出考点，并且熟练掌握不同形容词和副词的比较级、最高级的形式。动词：考查谓语和非谓语动词，即时态语态、分词、动名词、不定式。谓语动词的备考方法：了解各种时态的标志词以及特征，判断句子主被动，掌握主动表被动的句型运用。非谓语动词的备考方法：掌握加to do以及加doing的固定句型，准确判断动词在充当非谓语功能时的时态和语态。（3）不设关键词：考查冠词、介词、代词、情态动词、连词的用法（情冠连介代）。冠词：考查定冠词和不定冠词，备考方法：准确判断语境是特指还是非特指。介词：考查搭配及具体语境的用法，备考方法：熟练掌握固定搭配以及本身用法。代词：考查人称物主代词、不定代词、指示代词、反身代

3、词，备考方法：注意判断句子结构（尤其是所缺成分）以及语境的呼应。情态动词：考查各个情态动词的用法，备考方法：注意观察语境中暗含的情感和态度。连词：考查并列连词和从属连词的用法，备考方法：判断上下句之间的逻辑关系或熟练判断各种复合句结构，掌握连词的特定用法。注意：不能忽视对一些基本常用句型的考查，如：notuntil； not onlybut (also)； sothat； notbut； asas； eitheror； morethan； neithernor； suchthat； hardlywhen； no soonerthan等。3语法填空两三空填词：（按含义分类）虽然，尽管：despi

4、te+名词，regardless of+名词，in spite of+名词，Although+句子，though+句子即使：even if=even though+句子仿佛，好像：as if=as though+句子以防：in case=for fear that+句子，in case of+名词因为：because=in that+句子，because of=owing to=due to+名词既然，因为：now that =since+句子只要：as/so long as+句子一就：as soon as+句子如果：if=on condition that+句子无论怎样：however +形

5、容词/副词= no matter how +形容词/副词无论什么：whatever +名词，no matter what + 名词没有，而不是：instead of +名词，rather than+do/doing/n（所接词性视前后并列结构而定）应当：ought to +do必须，不得不：have to +do4语法填空解题技巧：（1）下列情况很可能填不定冠词：_+可数名词(单数)；_+形容词+可数名词(单数)。下列情况下很可能填定冠词：_ (+定语)+名词+ of等介词短语(表示特指)；_ (+定语)+名词+定语从句(表示特指)；_ (+定语)+名词+不定式短语或分词短语(表示特指)。 （

6、2）连接两个功能对等的单词或短语时，应填并列连词and, or, but等。若两个句子(有两个主谓结构)之间，没有句号或分号，也没有连词，那空格处必定是填连接词，否则，句子结构就不完整。（3）在无提示词题型当中，空格所填词在句子中作主语或宾语时，通常填代词，包括人称代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词性物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词(不能作主语)，it 等。在名词前作定语就只能用形容词性物主代词了。（4）在有提示词题型当中，通常，有表示范围的in /of介词短语或形容词前有the时，一般要用最高级；than的前面一定要用比较级。二、 巩固练习1. In many countries, （1）_ is

7、not unusual for families of different backgrounds to live together in the shared space.（2） _, in the United States, this idea may still be considered strange. But this type of housing, （3）_(call) co-housing, is gaining（4） _ (popular) in the United States, too. Co-housing complexes are popping up acr

8、oss the country. For many people, this way of life is （5）_ relief to the busy modern lifestyle. A co-housing community has（6） _ (private) owned houses and shared land. There is often a “common house” with a kitchen and dining room, meeting room, and maybe a workshop of library or music room. About 2

9、5 co-housing communities（7）_ (build) in recent years, and 150 more are planned. A co-housing complex is a place（8） _ residents shop, cook, and eat together. Residents of a co-housing complex like its sense of shared community. Children have other kids to play（9） _, which many families like. Other re

10、sidents like the feeling of living in a “village”. Residents also say that they can live in co-housing for （10）_ money than they would pay for nearby apartments.【答案】1. it 2. However 3. called 4. popularity 5. a 6. privately 7. have been built 8. where 9. with 10. Less2. Nothing can compare to the wa

11、rm hug of a person, but when there is no one else around, this little Japanese（1）_(invent) can do the job quite well. It is called the “tranquility chair”,（2）_back is shaped like a giant human doll with a（3）_ (friend) face and long arms that can wrap around you in an affectionate hug. The chair is t

12、he product of a Japanese company. “It（4）_(make) you feel safe,” said a spokesman in that company. “（5）_it is specially designed for the old, anyone can use it.” Given that a quarter of Japans population is（6）_ (current) over the age of 65, and the number is expected to rise（7）_ 2500 million or so in

13、 the coming decades, the hugging chair is really quite suitable for the Japanese market. The company has also come up with a similar product like “Life Rhythm Dolls”, which are programmed（8）_ (remind) the users to take their medicine on time. Meanwhile, the spokesman explained that the chair is also

14、 designed to help dementia(痴呆) patients as well as people（9）_ (suffer) from fear,（10）_ (anxious) or uncontrollable anger.【答案】1. invention 2. whose 3. friendly 4. makes 5. Although 6. currently 7. to 8. to remind 9. suffering 10. anxiety三、小结语法填空题常常考察过去分词作定语；考察形容词的最高级；考察非限制性定语从句考察被动语态；考察现在分词作伴随状语；考察现在完成进行时；考察it作形式宾语的句型；考察介词；考察情态动词；考察介词，表示原因的两空介词。四、作业完成语法填空专项练习专心-专注-专业