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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上5A英语复习资料语法整理1. There be句型表示“某处有某物”(1)其中there is 用于单数名词或不可数名词,如:There is a pencil case in the school bag. There is some soup/milk /tea/coffee/juice/water/chocolate.(2)There are用于可数名词的复数,如: There are some desks in the classroom.(3)There be 句型的就近原则:be动词后面如果跟的是不止一种物品,就根据离它最近的物品选用is或are.如:Th
2、ere are some pictures and a telephone. There is a telephone and some pictures.2.There be 句型的否定形式:在be动词的后面加not(is not可以缩写为isnt,are not可以缩写为 arent)把some 改成any。 例:(1)There is a pencil in the pencil-box.(改为否定句)There isnt a pencil in the pencil-box.(2)There are some crayons on the desk.(改为否定句)There arent
3、 any crayons on the desk.3.There be 的一般疑问句,是将be动词提前到there的前面,表示“(某处)有.?”(1)Is there.? Yes, there is ./ No, there isnt .例:Is there a music room ?(2)Are there any.? Yes, there are./ No, there arent.例:Are there any books?4.“some”和“any”都有“一些”的意思.“some”一般用于肯定句,“any”用于否定句和一般疑问句。但在一些表示委婉请求,想得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中,也
4、“some”.例:1.There are some watermelons in the basket.(肯定句)2.There arent any birds in the tree.(否定句)3.Are there any toy trains on the table?(疑问句)4.Would you like some tea?(表委婉请求)5.How many.+(可数名词复数) are there.? 用于询问某处有多少.例:How many classrooms are there in our school?6.can在否定句中的用法:表示某人不能做某事时,通常在can后面加否
5、定词not, 后面加动词原形。如:Bobbycant(或写成cannot) see any cakes in the fridge.6. 感叹句的结构:感叹句常用how或what来引导 (1)what引导的感叹句a.What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数!What a beautiful house!b.What+形容词+可数名词复数! What nice dresses! c. What+形容词+不可数名词!What delicious milk!(2)how引导的感叹句 How+形容词/副词! How nice!7. have / has 的用法(1).表示某人有某物。(2).主语是第一
6、、第二人称单数和复数时用 have, 如 I,you, we, they, the students 主语是第三人称单数时用 has, 如 he, she, it, Helen, the bird, my father (3).肯定句: have / has We have a PE lesson on Monday morning. / It has a long tail. (4)否定句: dont / doesnt +have They dont have animal friends. / She doesnt have a dog. (5)一般疑问句: Do / Does have
7、Yes, do / does. No, dont / doesnt. Do you have a football? Yes, I do. / No, I dont. Does he have a toy car? Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt.8. 询问别人喜欢干某事,What do/ does like doing ?喜欢干某事 like doing sth, doing表示喜欢经常做一件事。主语是第三人称单数时注意like后面加s,就是likes不喜欢干某事 dont/ doesnt like doing sth询问别人是否喜欢干某事吗?即一般疑问句形式:D
8、o/Doeslike doing sth?如:Do you like wearing yellow skirt?Yes,I do./No,I dont.Does he like dancing? Yes,he does./No,he doesnt.9.动名词的变化规律:a. 一般情况下在动词后面加ing. 如 going, reading, drawing, playingb. 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,去e再加ing. 如 dancing, makingc. 以“元音+辅音”结尾的重读闭音节单词,先双写辅音字母再加ing. 如 swimming, running, getting, put
9、ting10. 如何询问他人的职业或身份(1)What do/does do ?第一个do是助动词,根据所问的人称进行变化。当问you,they时用do,当问he,she,your father等用does.回答是:I am a / an +职业(farmer, teacher, doctor.)He / She/my father is a / an +职业(farmer, teacher, doctor.)They are+职业名词复数(farmers, teachers, doctors.)例如:What does your father do? He is a doctor. 你爸爸做
10、什么的? 他是一个医生。What do you do?I am a cook.*还可以这么问他人的职业:(1)What is + 某人? What is your father? 你爸爸做什么的?(2)Whats somebodys job? Whats your fathers job? 你爸爸做什么的? Whats your job? 你是做什么的?I am an English teacher. 我是一个英语老师.11.动词在第三人称单数形式的变化规则(1)一般情况下,直接在动词的词尾加-s。run - runs look - lookssee -sees say -says (2)以-
11、s, -sh, -ch, -x, -o结尾的动词,一般在词尾-es.teach-teaches go-goes fix-fixeswash-washes pass-passes(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先边y为i, 再加-es.study-studies try- tries(4)以元音字母加y结尾的动词,直接在词尾加-s。play-plays stay-stays注意:go(三单)goes have(三单)has do(三单)does12. 关于does 的 一般疑问句句中没有be动词,变为一般疑问句要借助助动词do / does,放在句首。助动词形态由主语的人称决定。Does he
12、/ she ? 主语为第三人称单数,用does其结构为:Does +主语+谓语动词+其他?13. 关于does的特殊疑问句What subjects does like? 特殊疑问句这个句子用来询问他人喜欢什么科目的疑问句。用于第三人称单数,在本句中用助动词does。注意回答时like后面要加s。14.询问某人在周末做什么的句型What (do /does ) 主语 do at weekends? 答句: 主语+动词原形/动词三单形式.do / does: 助动词,由主语的人称数而定. 主语是第三人称单数时,用does, 主语是第一人称、第二人称、第三人称复数时,用do.答句: 如果主语是第三
13、人称单数,则要用动词三单形式;主语是第一人称、第二人称、第三人称复数时用动词原形。15、掌握副词first, next, then, finally的用法,它们都是表示时间的副词,用来说明事情发生的先后顺序。它们一般放在句首或句末。16、have的用法(has是have的三单形式,由主语决定)1)表示“有”的意思,如:I have a big Christmas tree.我有一棵大圣诞树。2)表示用餐:have+三餐的名称。如:They have a big dinner at Christmas.他们在圣诞节吃一顿丰盛的晚餐。3)表示“吃;喝”: have+食品或饮料。如:Have som
14、e juice, please. 请喝些果汁。4)表示:“进行;举行”: have+表示某种活动的名称。如: We sometimes have a picnic at weekends.在周末我们有时举行野餐。17. Whats wrong with him?他怎么了? 18.be good at,擅长某事,be good at doing sth 擅长做某事如:I am good at football.I am good at drawing.be good at 和do sth well 之间的句型变换如:He is good at playing basketball.(同义句) H
15、e can play basketball well.19. be的用法口诀我用am,你用are,is连着他,她,它;单数名词用is,复数名词全用are。变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃。变否定,更容易,be后not莫忘记。疑问否定任你变,句首大写莫迟疑。20. 动词do用法口诀实动表示“做和干”,现在时态看“单三”.简略答语可用do,代替“上述”免重复.Dont do sth.构否定,Do sb.do疑问型.21助动词do用法口诀新添助动词很重要,时态人称一肩挑,句型转换打头阵,谓语还原要记牢.人称代词表人称主格宾格形容词性物主代词单数复数单数复数单数复数第一人称Iwemeusmyour中文意思我我们我我们我的我们的第二人称youyouyouyouyouryour中文意思你你们你你们你们的你们的第三人称she她they他们her她them他们hers她的their他们的您好,欢迎您阅读我的文章,本WORD文档可编辑修改,也可以直接打印。阅读过后,希望您提出保贵的意见或建议。阅读和学习是一种非常好的习惯,坚持下去,让我们共同进步。专心-专注-专业
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