中考英语任务型阅读之还原句子解题技巧(共15页).docx

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上阅读短文还原句子的文章一般为200250词左右，设空位置一般为三种：段首、段尾和段中。根据历年真题的考查可看出考题中段中设空最多，段尾次之，段首最少。其主要考查：1. 学生能理解故事情节和事件发展顺序。2. 学生能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系。二、满分技巧 1. 解题步骤（1）读选项，画关键词，暗排序。（2）读文章，找逻辑，抓过渡词。（3）先易后难来解题。（4）回读文章定答案。2. 得分技巧（1）抓住过渡词，看住上下句。（2）盯紧横线的前后词语。通过学生对这类题型的解题步骤、思路及技巧的练习和实践，可总结出以下复习策略：1. 养成限时阅读的习惯，提高阅读速度。培养学

2、生的阅读技能， 处理好阅读速度与效率问题。阅读速度应控制在每篇5分钟，每分钟4050个词为宜。2. 注意常考点。平时练习多注意代词（如it，this，they）、选项的句内关系（如因果、转折）及重现（文章与选项的复现提示）等。3. 解题技巧通读全文，了解文章大意。根据文章整体结构、具体内容，并结合关键词，将选项填入文中，再次通读全文，重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构，研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终确定答案。1. 如果问题设在段首（1）通常是段落的主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关的词，推断出主题句。（2）与后文是并列，转折，因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后

3、在选项中查找相关特征词，通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句之间会有某种的衔接手段。（3）段落间的过渡句。这时要瞻前顾后找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。2. 如果问题设在段尾（1）空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。（2）通常是结论，概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果结论，总结等的信号词，如：Therefore， as a result，thus，hence，in short，to sum up，to conclude，in a word等词语，选项中

4、也可发现前文的同义词句。（3）与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。（4）与前文是并列或排比关系。在这种情况下，通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他细节，因此，根据段落一致性原则，在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词，通常选项中会出现表示并列或递进关系的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他线索。（5）所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段的开头是否有一定的衔接，认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。（6）如果第一段的段尾是空白，

5、要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题，通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案应有这样的特征词。AA. Never be afraid to giveB. Plan ahead as much as possibleC. Work out your priorities（优先考虑的事）D. Be disciplined(有纪律的) at all timesE. Make sure everything has its placeF. Stick to a scheduleBeing Well-Organized And Getting Things

6、 DoneBeing well-organized and getting things done and what we have done is tried to make them as easy to follow as possible to allow you to implement(实施) them immediately. There is no doubt that being organized does make a difference._1_It is something that you should do every single day and the bes

7、t way to approach this is to place things in order of importance. Watching that movie may sound like a good idea, but put that at the bottom of the list and focus on things that influence your work, health, or anything else that is key to your survival(生存)._2_Next, you should consider trying to plan

8、 ahead, so if you know that there is an appointment at a certain location for a certain time, then plan your day around that appointment._3_Knowing where everything is really will allow you to get more things done as you will waste less time hunting for that object that you require to complete your

9、task. Too much time is wasted hunting for keys or that piece of paper and it also just stresses you out and can upset your pace._4_Giving tasks to others will always lead to you getting more done, but it is not just a case of picking anybody to do a task. Instead, you need to make sure that they are

10、 capable of doing it without running into any problems and that they do have the correct tools to complete the job._5_Having a schedule will help to force you into completing tasks on time and actually getting more done in the process. The only problem here is that you need to be sensible when worki

11、ng out how long something takes or you will put undue pressure on yourself and this is where mistakes can occur and you will actually then start to get less done.【查看答案】【文章大意】本文就如何做到组织安排好，做事有条不紊，提出了五点建议。1. C【解析】根据本段第一句It is something that you should do every single day and the best way to approach th

12、is is to place things in order of importance.以及下面具体分述的内容，可知本段表明安排好事情的先后顺序，找出优先考虑的事，把事情安排好，做事有条不紊。故选：C。2. B【解析】根据本段含义下一步，你应该考虑提前计划，所以如果你知道某个地点有某个时间的约会，那么就计划好当天的约会。可知，本语段的主旨大意为：尽可能提前计划。故选：B。3. E【解析】根据本段的主旨大意：把物品排放好，可以节约时间，不会打乱你的计划。故选：E。4. A【解析】根据本段的主旨大意：不要担心把任务分派给他人，并确保他们顺利完成任务。故选：A。5. F【解析】根据本段的主旨大意：

13、制定一个时间表，强迫你按时完成任务，并在实际过程中完成更多的工作。故选：F。BQuestion: Im 15 and Ive been having trouble sleeping at night. It usually takes me 2 to 4 hours to get to sleep._1_I cant focus on my lessons at school. Please help me!Answer: If you are a person who doesnt regularly get a good nights sleep, you are not alone._

14、2_Here are some tips for helping you get a good nights sleep.Keep regular hoursBy keeping regular hours your body and mind know what is coming up and can start to prepare for you to sleep._3_ If you cant go to bed at a regular time, then make sure you get up at a regular time. So after a late night

15、you wake up tired, and it forces you to go to bed earlier._4_I know, you hear this about everything from heart health to losing weight, but exercise really does do you a world of good. However, dont do it too close to going to sleep. It is better to do it about an hour after dinner.Relax before goin

16、g to bed_5_In fact, when you lie down to go to sleep, your mind is going to be thinking about the programs you have been watching. Instead, take just 20 or 30 minutes before bed to read or sit, anything that gets you to slow down and gives your mind a rest!A. Take some exercise.B. And I usually get

17、about 4 or 5 hours sleep in a day.C. It also means you can get in regular number of hours each night.D. Many people suffer from sleep problems.E. You may think that watching TV before you go to bed is a good way to relax.【查看答案】【文章大意】本文主要讲述了一位15岁的学生有睡眠问题，因而影响了学习，文中就此给出了三种解决此问题的方法。1. B【解析】根据前文It usual

18、ly takes me 2 to 4 hours to get to sleep我通常需要2到4个小时才能入睡，可推知下文应该为And I usually get about 4 or 5 hours sleep in a day.我通常一天睡4到5个小时。故选B。2. D【解析】根据前文If you are a person who doesnt regularly get a good nights sleep, you are not alone.如果你是一个经常不能睡个好觉的人，你并不孤单，可知下文Many people suffer from sleep problems.许多人患有

19、睡眠问题。故选D。3. C【解析】根据上下文可知，此处为It also means you can get in regular number of hours each night.这也意味着你每天晚上可以有固定的睡眠时间。故选C。4. A【解析】根据下文内容的描述可知，是关于锻炼对身体有好处这方面的话题，所以此段的小标题为Take some exercise.做些锻炼。故选A。5. E【解析】根据下文In fact, when you lie down to go to sleep, your mind is going to be thinking about the programs

20、you have been watching.事实上，当你躺下睡觉的时候，你的大脑会思考你一直在看的节目，可知此处为You may think that watching TV before you go to bed is a good way to relax你可能认为睡觉前看电视是一种放松的好方法。故选E。CWithout a friend，the world is like a desert. Too many people want others to be their friends，but they dont give friendship back._1_To have a f

21、riend, you must learn to be one. You must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning the following rules._2_Friends must be able to trust one another. If you dont tell the truth, people usually find out，and you may lose your frie

22、nds trust. Good friends always trust in one another to speak and do things honestly.Generosity means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow. You dont have to give your lunch money or your clothes，of course._3_These can be valuable to a friend. They tell your friends what is important to you. By

23、 sharing them，you help your friends know you better.Everyone needs understanding and help with a problem. _4_Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve. Turning to a friend can be a first step in solving the problem. So to be a friend you must listen and understand. You must try to put yo

24、urself in your friends place, so you can understand the problem better.No two friendships are ever exactly similar. _5_In fact, good friendship will just not easily last. That is to say, you must give as much as you take, or friendship will die away.A. Keep your friends feelings in mind.B. Instead y

25、ou share your ideas and feelings.C. Something may go wrong at school.D. That is one of the causes why some friendships dont last very long.E. One way to do this is to be honest with a friend.F. But all true friendships have three things in common.G. Honesty is where a good friendship starts.【查看答案】【文

26、章大意】本文是议论文，通过分析友谊的三个共同点互相信任，真诚说话和做事；和朋友分享你的想法和感受；做朋友必须善于倾听和理解得出结论，也就是好的友谊是不容易持久的，必须付出多少，友谊才会长久。1. D【解析】根据上一句Too many people want others to be their friends，but they dont give friendship back.，好多人不知道回报友情，可知备选句子中，That is one of the causes why some friendships dont last very long.跟它联系紧密，句首的that所指就是上一句的

27、内容。故选D。2. G【解析】根据第二段的意思，特别是Good friends always trust in one another to speak and do things honestly.，可知本段谈的是honesty。七个选项中，Honesty is where a good friendship starts.最合段意，故选G。3. B【解析】第三段谈的是share分享。根据文意，结合空格的前后文，可知对朋友来说有价值的东西，不是分享钱物，而是其他东西，备选句子中的Instead you share your ideas and feelings.正是这个意思，故选B。4. C

28、【解析】第四段围绕Everyone needs understanding and help with a problem.展开论述，谈论的都是解决问题的方法，Something may go wrong at school.这一句说的也是问题，合乎段意，故选C。5. F【解析】第五段对上文提到的三点做了个总结，强调友谊的不易持久。备选句子But all true friendships have three things in common.提到了友谊的共性，故选F。A（2018 四川成都中考）补全短文，根据短文内容，从短文后的AF选项中，选出5个适当的选项补全短文，答题卡上只需填选项的编号

29、字母。Have you ever tried to hide your emotions(情感) from someone during a conversation?_71_Scientists from the Ohio State University have found that people are able to tell other peoples emotions according to changes in the color of their faces.Scientists studied pictures of peoples facial expressions.

30、 _72_ For example, happiness makes our faces red around the cheeks and a little blue around the chin. Disgust(厌恶) creates not only a blue-yellow color around the lips, but also a red-green color around the nose and forehead.We believe these color patterns are the result of small changes in blood flo

31、w triggered(触发) by the central nervous(神经) system. Lead researcher Alex Martinez said._73_ Does the color alone or also facial expressions help people tell others emotions?To figure this out, scientists added color patterns to pictures of faces that showed no facial expressions. _74_They were able t

32、o tell the emotions 75 percent of the time without any difficulty._75_ For example, when two people are heatedly arguing over something, we say they are red in the face. When a person is very angry, wed say he or she is blue in the face.A. But this raises a question.B. It is shown that human emotion

33、s are influenced by colors on the face.C. They found that every facial expression is connected to a certain color.D. Its not always easy, because the color on your face may tell the truth.E. Then, volunteers were asked to tell what emotions the faces were showing.F. This is why there are some Chines

34、e sayings that connect emotions to the color of ones face.【查看答案】【文章大意】这篇短文主要讲述了科学家发现人们能够根据脸部颜色的变化来告诉别人的情绪。71. D【解析】根据上文Have you ever tried to hide your emotions（情感）from someone during a conversation?可知下文是Its not always easy, because the color on your face may tell the truth.这并不总是容易的，因为你脸上的颜色可以说真话。故选

35、D。72. C【解析】据下文For example, happiness makes our faces red around the cheeks and a little blue around the chin. Disgust(厌恶)creates not only a blue-yellow color around the lips, but also a red- green color around the nose and forehead.可知上文是They found that every facial expression is connected to a certa

36、in color他们发现每个面部表情都与某一颜色有关。故选C。73. A【解析】据下文Does the color alone or also facial expressions help people tell others emotions?可知上文是But this raises a question.但是，这提出了一个问题。故选A。74. E【解析】据下文They were able to tell the emotions 75 percent of the time without any difficulty.可知上文是Then, volunteers were asked t

37、o tell what emotions the faces were showing. 然后，志愿者被要求说出脸上的表情。故选E。75. F【解析】根据下文For example, when two people are heatedly arguing over something, we say they are red in the face. When a person is very angry, wed say he or she is blue in the face.可知上文是This is why there are some Chinese sayings that co

38、nnect emotions to the color of ones face. 这就是为什么有些中国谚语把情感和脸色联系起来。故选F。B（2017河南）Starting high school is a great experience for any teenager. Whether you are coming from a middle school(grades six through eight) or a junior high school(grades seven through nine), there are many things about high that a

39、re different from your old school environment. _1_You will face being in a new school, making new friends in an unfamiliar class and getting to know new teachers. These new teachers will usually have higher academic(学术的) level than your middle and junior-high schoolteachers._2_In return, they expect

40、 you to work hard and develop your skills, On top of all this, peer pressure(同伴压力) to drink and smoke often increases in high school. _3_Although there is a lot of pressure, it is nothing you cannot deal with. If you are feeling pressure to do something that you feel is wrong, talk to a friend, pare

41、nt or counselor to find a solution(解决) . _4_ If you are not succeeding academically, find someone to help you. If you feel lonely, try to join a school club or group to make new friends._ 5_ With time, you will come to be thankful for everything about your experience. On the point of starting your h

42、igh school, are you ready?根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、内容完整。A. You will experience many changes.B. They want to help you get into college.C. High school may seem discouraging at first.D. They are there to help you get into this great new time in your life.E. Besides, the pressure could als

43、o come from grades, loneliness and so on.【查看答案】【文章大意】本文介绍了青少年每进入高中时会经历的事和遇到的一些问题以及应对的办法。1. A【解析】根据前文的Whether you are coming from a middle school（grades six through eight） or a junior high school（grades seven through nine），there are many things about high that are different from your old school envir

44、onment. 无论你是从中学（六年级到八年级）还是初中（七年级到九年级），有很多关于高中的东西和你以前的学校环境不同。可知说的是你会经历很多变化，故选A。2. B【解析】根据后文的In return，they expect you to work hard and develop your skills，作为回报，他们希望你努力学习，发展你的技能。可知他们想帮助你进入大学。故选B。3. E【解析】根据前文的peer pressure（同伴压力） to drink and smoke often increases in high school. 同伴压力导致在高中喝酒和抽烟经常会增加。可知压

45、力也可能来自成绩，孤独等。故选E。4. D【解析】根据后文的If you are not succeeding academically，find someone to help you. If you feel lonely，try to join a school club or group to make new friends. 如果你没有成功的学业，找人帮你。如果你感到孤独，试着加入学校俱乐部或团体，结交新的朋友。可知他们在那里帮助你进入你生命中这个伟大的新时代。故选D。5. C【解析】根据后文的With time，you will come to be thankful for e

46、verything about your experience. On the point of starting your high school，are you ready？随着时间的推移，你会对你所经历的一切心存感激。就在你高中毕业的时候，你准备好了吗？可知高中生活似乎一开始令人沮丧。故选C。C（2017四川成都）As time goes by, are you still the same person you were? Many of you would think you are. _1_You could be a completely different person whe

47、n you get old. Psychologists(心理学家) at the UKs University of Edinburgh did the study on a group of Scottish people. _ 2 _In 1950, a group of teachers gave over 1200 14-year-old students personality tests._3_They were self-confidence, sense of responsibility ,perseverance（耐心）, strong wishes to win, creativity and moods(情绪).In 2012, researchers successfully found 174 of those 1200 students and gave them a test similar to the one they had received before._4 _They wer