信息管理专业英语实用教程(共8页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上专业英语一、专业术语RFID射频识别 IOT物联网 Cloud Computing云计算 ANN神经网络 BI商业智能 E-business /Web-business / e-commerce电子商务 KM知识管理GIS地理信息系统 PDA掌上电脑 Bluetooth蓝牙技术 CAD计算机辅助设计CMD计算机辅助制作 branch manager部门经理 binary format二进制格式 USB（Universal Serial Bus）通用串行总线 computer case计算机机箱 temporary storage of information临时存储信

2、息 floppy disk软盘 CD-ROM只读光盘textual源代码 video card视频卡，显卡 sound card音频卡，声卡 DVD数字化视频光盘 SISP战略信息系统计划 Project Management项目管理 Human Resources人力资源 End-User Systems Development最终用户系统开发rolling business plans流动业务计划 MIS(management information system)管理信息系统DB（database）数据库 DBMS（database Management system）数据库管理系统DS

3、S（decision support system）决策支持系统 operational manager运营经理Senior manager 高级经理 semi-structured decision半结构化决策ANS（Advanced Network&Service）高级网络及服务公司TPS（Transaction Processing systems）事务管理系统KWS（Knowledge Work Systems）只是工作系统 GRASP绘制机器人技术应用软件包OAS（Office Automation Systems）办公自动化系统 ESS（Executive Support Syst

4、ems）经理支持系统EIS（Executive Information Systems）经理信息系统OLAP（on-line analytical processing）联机分析处理GIS（Group Information Systems）集群信息系统GDSS（Group Decision Support Systems）集群决策支持系统MIT（Management Information technology）管理信息技术RAD（rapid application development）快速应用开发Two-way communications 双工通讯 client-server env

5、ironment 客户服务环境Data warehouse 数据仓库 logistics information systems 物流信息系统ERP（Enterprise resource planning）企业资源规划CRM（customer relationship Management）客户关系管理 OOD（Object-Oriented design）面向对象设计OOP（Object0Oriented Programming）面向对象编程HLLs（High Level Languages）高级语言 ADTs（Abstract Data Types）抽象数据类型Software Ics软

6、件的组成单元 machine code机器码 op-code输出码EDI（Electronic Data interchange）电子数据交换SMEs（small and medium sized enterprises）中小企业B2B企业对企业电子商务 B2C企业对用户电子商务CERT(Character Error Rate Tester)字符出错率测试器CIAS（Communication Link Analyzer System）通信链路分析系统IMS（Information Management System）管理信息系统NDMS（Netware Data Management Sy

7、stem）网络数据管理系统 二、词汇填空1) The managerial process consists of four basic functions: planning, organizing, leading and controlling.管理过程由四项基本职能组成：规划，组织，领导和控制。2) Organizing involves setting up appropriate departments, job descriptions, rules and regulations, and procedures.组织职能包括设立恰当的部门、职务说明、规章制度和工作程序。3) T

8、he applications of statistics can be divided into two broad areas: descriptive statistics and inferential statistics.统计学的应用可以分成两大领域：描述统计学和推断统计学。4) Data structure include several fundamental data units: bit, byte, word.数据结构包括位、字节、字这几种基本数据单元。5) There are two fundamental methods of data transmission: s

9、erial and parallel.两种基本的数据传输模式：串行与并行。 6) Computer equipment is made of several common components: the main computer box, monitor, keyboard, mouse, speakers and an optional printer.计算机包括主机箱、显示器、键盘、鼠标、音箱和一个可供选择的打印机。7) Software is often divided into two categories: systems software and applications sof

10、tware.软件通常分为系统软件和应用软件两类。8) Software refers to computer instructions or data.软件就是计算机指令或数据。9) Traditional databases are organized by fields, records and files.传统的数据库是以字段、记录和文件组织起来的。10) ERP Systems provide firms with information consistency, economies of scale and integration. ERP系统为公司提供信息的一致性、规模经济性和整体

11、性。11) An object is something with a: state and semantics.一个对象包括以下内容的东西：状态和语义。三、翻译Unit 1 1. Management is the attainment of organizational goals in an effective and efficient manner through planning, organizing, leading, and controlling organizational resources.管理是组织目标通过计划、组织、领导、控制组织资源实现的有效方式。2. Plan

12、ning defines where the organization wants to be in the future and how to get there. 计划决定了组织将来的发展方向和实现方式。3. Organization failure can occur when managers are not serious about control or lack control information. 组织的失败往往在管理人员不认真对待控制或缺乏控制的信息时发生。4. The ultimate responsibility of managers is to achieve h

13、igh performance, which is the attainment of organizational goals by using resources in an efficient and effective manner. 管理人员的最终责任是获得高业绩，这是组织目标实现的一种有效的利用资源和有效的方式。5. There are no “peopleless” organizations, so managers must learn how to motivate, lead and communicate; they must also understand inter

14、personal relations and the behavior of groups of people. 没有任何“peopleless”组织,所以经理们必须学会如何激励、领导和交流,他们也必须理解人际关系和各种人群的行为。6. Managers are excellent communicators and value shapers, lightning rods to get the job done. 经理们都是很出色的传播者和价值塑造者，避雷针能够完成工作。7. It is now apparent that overly centralized, excessively l

15、ayered, and rigid organizational structures are not always effective or efficient. 过于集中、过度分层、刚性的组织结构现在很明显并不总是有效或高效的。8. A manager frequently reminds his or her management team of the companys goals and how well those goals are being achieved.一个管理者会经常提醒他或她的管理团队,公司的目标,以及如何做好已达成这些目标。9. Strategic plannin

16、g is the process of developing and analyzing the organizations mission, overall goals, general strategies, and allocating resources.战略规划是发展和分析组织的使命、总体目标、总体战略、和分配资源的过程。10. The purpose of the organizing function is to make the best use of the organizations resources to achieve organizational goals.组织功

17、能的目的是最充分地利用组织的资源以实现组织目标。Unit 31. All information, from train schedules to discount-price goods, will be as close as the press of a key所有信息,从火车时刻表到折扣价商品,将会越来越接近新闻媒体的一个关键.2. The children have a happy environment at school.孩子们在学校有一个快乐的环境3. The manufacturer invoiced our company for two typewriters.这个厂家给

18、我们公司开了两台打字机的发票4. My accounts balance for the first time this year!这是我今年第一次收支平衡5. The Eiffel Tower is one of the most famous structures in the world. 艾菲尔铁塔是世界上最著名的建筑物之一6. Please program the computer to do the job instead of manual operation.请给电脑编制一个程序,以此代替手工操作7. The binary system of numbers is used i

19、n digital computers.二进制数字系统常常在数字计算机中被使用8. The motherboard is main board of a computer, usually containing the circuitry for the central processing unit, keyboard, and monitor and often having slots for accepting additional circuitry.主板是计算机的主要部分,通常包括含有电路的中央处理单元、键盘、监控和为了接受额外的电路所安置的插槽9. Programmers use

20、 the term “data structures” to describe various ways to organize data within a program.程序员使用术语“数据结构”来描述在一个程序里通过各种方法来组织数据10. At what rate does the dollar convert into pounds?美元以什么汇率兑换成英镑?Unit 41. The research project has only been under way for three months, so its too early to evaluate its success.这

21、个研究项目进行了不到三个月,所以对它的成绩作出评价为时尚早。2. The firm decided to computerize its wages department.公司决定使用电脑来处理发薪部门的工作3. The boss gave me so many instructions at one time that I got muddled up.老板一下子给了我那么多指示,把我弄得糊里糊涂4. He isnt particularly clever but industrious.他并不特别聪明,但很勤奋。5. New settlers came in increasing numb

22、ers.新的移民越来越多6. The local library is a valuable resource.当地的图书馆是个宝贵的资源7. The committee discussed strategic marketing factors.委员会讨论了战略营销的因素8. These difficulties are caused by natural disasters.这些困难都是由自然灾害造成的9. There are three options open to us in that matter.关于那件事情我们有三种选择10. This information will be

23、less confusing if its produced in tabular form.如果是产生于表格形式，信息将很少会被混淆Unit 51. The lowest level manager can access only the data that he needs at his level.经理能存取的最低水平,只有在他的水平上所需要的数据。2. Decision Support is a new University function designed to support access, integration and delivery of administrative d

24、ata.决策支持系统的设计是一种新的大学功能设计用以支持访问、集成和实施的行政数据3. Decision Support is also responsible for transition of data from University mainframes to servers over the next 5 years and for the existing Information Warehouse.决策支持也负责在未来的5年里从大学向服务器主机进行数据的转换和现有信息仓库的数据转换。4. The primary job of the use is in the definition

25、 and discovery of information used in decision making.主要工作的用途是将定义并发现的信息用于决策。5. If client profile information is available, services can be more easily tailored to the client.如果客户端剖面的信息是可得到的,服务可以更容易定制到客户端6. Modern Marketing techniques can be used to attract and retain clients.现代营销技术可以用于吸引和留住客户7. Risk

26、 assessment of the projects can be determined before the project is begun.项目风险评估能够在项目开始前被确定。8. Sharing the same concepts of a DSS, an ESS focuses more in the end-user requirement of maximum interactivity and user-friendlyness.共享一个DSS的相同概念，一个ESS更多的关注于最终用户的最大互动性需求和用户友好性9. The GDSS stared originally fr

27、om the Management Information System at University of Arizona.GDSS最初起源于亚利桑那大学的管理信息系统。10. Artificial intelligence is the study of how to make computers do things which, at the moment, people do better.人工智能是研究如何让电脑做一些事情,在那个时刻,人们做得更好Unit 61. ERP attempts to integrate all departments and functions acros

28、s a company onto a single computer system that can serve all those different departments particular needs.ERP试图整合各部门和功能在一个公司,在一台计算机的系统,这个系统可以为所有这些不同部门的特别需求2. People dont like to change how they do their jobs. That is why the value of ERP is so hard to pin down.人们不喜欢改变他们如何完成他们的工作。这就是为什么ERP是如此的价值硬扣下来3

29、. To get the most from the ERP software, you have to get people inside your company to adopt the work methods outlined in the software.最大限度地从中获取收益的ERP软件,你必须让人们在你们公司的情况下,采用工作某市软件4. Even if a company installs ERP software for the so-called right reasons and everyone can agree on the optimal definition

30、 of a customer, the inherent difficulties of implementing something as complex as ERP is like teaching an elephant to do the hootchy-kootchy.即使一家公司ERP软件安装的所谓正确的原因,每个人都能同意的最佳的定义的客户,固有困难的事情,就像复杂,因为实施ERP是像教大象来跳肚皮舞5. ERP helps the manufacturing process flow more smoothly, and it improves visibility of t

31、he order fulfillment process inside the company.ERP帮助制造流程更平稳,提高了知名度的订单,公司内部的实施过程。6. Dont expect to revolutionize your business with ERP. It is a navel-gazing exercise that focuses on optimizing the way things are done internally rather than on customers, suppliers or partners.不要期望彻底改变你的业务与ERP。这是一个纸上

32、谈兵的锻炼方式,著重在优化所内部而不是对客户、供应商或合作伙伴7. Needless to say, the move to ERP is a project of breathtaking scope, and the price tags on the front end are enough to make the most placid CFO a little twitchy.不用说,搬到ERP是一个项目的惊人的范围,而且价格标签的前端,足以使最平静的CFO有点谨慎8. We have treated ERPs as projects, with the assumption tha

33、t someday the projects would end. But an enterprise system is not a project. Its a way of life.我们我们把ERPS看成是一个项目,并扬言说,总有一天会结束的项目。但是一个企业制度不是一个项目。它是一种生活方式9. Even if an organization could declare final victory on implementation of ERPs, many additional years could be spent in getting real business value

34、 from them.即使一个组织可以宣布最后的胜利的实现策略,许多额外的年电位差,就可以用来获得真正的商业价值10. Just as courtships and honeymoons are different from marriages, living with ERP systems will be different from installing them.正如求爱和蜜月不同于婚姻的生活,ERP系统将是不同于安装他们Unit 7 1. Structural design gives a system the long-term stable structure that can

35、reduce discovery costs, localize maintenance work, and provide a foundation for reuse.结构设计提供了一种系统的长期稳定的结构,可以减少成本,定位发现维修工作,并提供了基础,再使用2. I believe there are some simple ways to integrate the functional and structural view.我相信有这里有一些简单的方法来整合的功能和结构的观点3. Most popular programming languages use classes as t

36、heir basic building block.最流行的编程语言使用类为基本积木4. Classes are the foundation of object-based and object-oriented programming in C+.统整课程的物质基础,是面向对象编程中,C + +5. I think this tendency to hierarchy comes from our need to organizeand thats finebut I think it goes too far in most popular programming languages w

37、ork.我觉得这个倾向是来自我们的需要层次的fine-but organize-and,我认为它走得太远在最流行的编程语言的工作6. We start to reduce complexity by grouping objects together into classes, which is in accordance with how most popular programming languages work.我们开始减少复杂性组织宾语联合成类别,是依照最流行的编程语言如何工作7. These programming languages are popular because the

38、y are efficient.这些编程语言很受欢迎,因为他们是有效的8. Because roles are closer to objects, they are closer to the structure of Use Cases than classes are.因为角色越来越接近物品,他们更接近结构比类的用例9. Hierarchy has become an important abstraction tool in many design paradigms.抽象层次已成为一个重要的工具,在许多的设计范例10. Object-oriented program has beco

39、me the dominant programming style in the software industry over the last 10 years or so.面向对象程序已成为主导的编程风格在软件产业在过去的10年左右Unit 121. Electronic commerce is emerging concept that describes the process of buying and selling of exchanging of products, services, and information via computer networks includin

40、g the Internet. 电子商务是一种新的概念，它描述了通过计算机网络（包括Internet），进行买卖、交换商品、服务与信息的过程。2. Electronic commerce enables more individuals to work at home and to do less traveling for shopping, resulting in less traffic on the road and lower air pollution. 电子商务使更多的个人能够在家工作并且做较少的旅行购物，这使得道路交通更通畅，空气污染程度也更低。3. The advent o

41、f sailing ships in ancient times, the more recent invention of the printing press, the steam engine, and the telephone all changed the way in which people conducted commerce activities. 古代帆船的出现和以后的一些发明，如印刷术、蒸汽机以及电话等都改变着人们处理商业交易的方式。4. Although E-commerce has increased the speed of delivery and disper

42、sion of commercial products and services, there are certain things it can not improve or change. 尽管电子商务提高了配送商品与服务的速度，但对有些商品的销售，电子商务则无能为力。5. An intranet is corporate network that functions with Internet technologies, such as browsers, using internet protocols. 内联网是企业组织内部网，它使用Internet技术，诸如浏览器与Internet

43、协议。6. Electronic commerce is sharing business information, maintaining business relationships, and conducting transactions by means of telecommunications networks. 电子商务通过电信网络共享商业信息，保持商务关系，并且进行商业交易。7. The growth of electronic commerce will depend on better payment systems and most importantly, the co

44、nfidence of consumers in the Webs security. 电子商务的发展将依赖更好的付费系统，更为重要的是，顾客对网络安全的信心。8. Virtual travel agencies will offer you almost all the services you will find in a conventional travel agency, ranging from information to reservation and purchasing of tickets for your trips, accommodations and entert

45、ainment. 虚拟旅行中介能够提供几乎所有传统旅行中介可以提供的服务，从有关旅行的信息，到预约和购买旅行所需的门票、住宿及娱乐。9. Internet electronic commerce provides customers with the chance to customize many of the products or services offered by merchants. 因特网电子商务为用户提供定制由商人提供的大多数产品或者服务的机会。10. Electronic commerce is very much seen as the core driver behin

46、d the development of the information economy, and is the source of many of the benefits. 电子商务更多被视为躲在信息经济发展后面的核心驱动力，是大多数利润的来源。四、简答1) How is management defined in this text? 怎样定义管理？Management is the process of working with and through people and other organizational resources to accomplish organizatio

47、nal goals. 管理工作过程中，通过人与其他组织资源，实现组织目标。2) What is the purpose of controlling? 控制的目的是什么？The purpose of controlling is to check whether the organization is on target toward its goals so as to make corrections as necessary. 控制的目的是检查组织是否在目标向着目标使必要的修正。3) What is computer data? 什么是计算机数据？Computer data is information required by the computer to be able to operate.计算机数据是计算机能够运行需要的信息。4) What is E-commerce？什么是电子商务E-commerce is the use of computer applications communicating over networks to allow buyers and sellers to complete a transaction or part of an transaction. 电子商