2022年初中英语非谓语动词讲解.pdf

《2022年初中英语非谓语动词讲解.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年初中英语非谓语动词讲解.pdf（8页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考学习资料非谓语动词之“动词不定式”详解非谓语动词就是不充当谓语的动词，分两种。一是动词不定式。二是动词ing形式。一、动词不定式1） 作主语To learn English well is not easy. 或It is not easy to learn English well. 说明 动词不定式作主语时，往往用it 作形式主语，这种句型可归纳为下面的句型：e.g. It is + adj.+ 动词不定式如果要说明不定式表示的动作执行者，可以用for+sb. e.g. It is + adj.+ for sb.to do sth. 2）作表语（表语用来说明主语

2、的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的，表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、 动词的 -ing 形式、不定式、从句来充当， 它常位于系动词 （be, become, appear, seem, look, sound, feel, get, smell 等词）之后。 ）e.g. My wish is to become a teacher. 3）作宾语或者宾语补足语e.g. Most of us like to watch football matches. e.g. He told me to be here on time. 4）作定语： e.g. I have nothing to say

3、about that thing. 5）作状语： e.g. He stopped to have a look. 说明 动词不定式的否定形式：not + to + 动词原形构成e.g. He asked me not to make such a mistake. 2、动词不定式与疑问词连用：疑问词 who, what, which 和疑问副词when, where, how, why 等后面可以按动词不定式，构成动词不定式短语。e.g. (1) He doesnt know how to use the machine. (2) How to use the machine is a que

4、stion. (3) The question is when to go there. 3、省去了to 的动词不定式1）let, have, make+do 2）感官动词see, watch, look at, notice, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find +to。注意： 在被动语态中则to 不能省掉。e.g. I saw him dance. =He was seen to dance. e.g. The boss made them work the whole night.=They were made to work the whole nig

5、ht. 3）would rather ，had better + do 4、动词不定式的特殊句型：1）too to+to do： e.g. He is too excited to speak. 2）enough to do ：e.g. The child is old enough to go to school. 3）Why not +do e.g. Why not take a holiday? 4）so as (not) to do: 表示目的e.g. Go in quietly so as not to wake the baby. 5、不定式的难点：1）用作介词的“to” ：比如说

6、 look forward to ; pay attention to; devote oneself tobe/get used to，后面都是 +doing 的！2）Its for sb. 和 Its of sb.的区别精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考学习资料二、动词ing形式：动词 ing 形式分为两种，一是动名词，二是现在分词1动词的 -ing 形式用作动名词：动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式，由动

7、词原形加-ing 构成，它在句中起名词的作用，可以在句子中用作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补语、状语和定语。1）动名词作主语：e.g. Walking is good exercise. 走路是很好的运动2）动名词作表语e.g. My favorite sport is swimming. 我最喜欢的运动是游泳。3）动名词作宾语：e.g. Jim dislikes eating chocolate. 吉姆不喜欢吃巧克力。e.g. She cant help crying at a sad movie. 她看了忧伤的电影禁不住要哭。说明 有些动词和动词短语只能接动名词。e.g.admit, finis

8、h, forgive, give up, mind, practise, be good at, do well in, cant help, keep on, feel like, be used to, look forward to, prefer to,。6）动名词作定语：动名词可以单独作定语，就像形容词一样。e.g. a smiling face 笑脸swimming pool 游泳池dining-car 餐车2动词的 -ing 形式用作现在分词：-ing 分词通常用作宾语补足语，表示动作正在发生或者正在进行。这种用法通常用在下列动词中： see, hear, find, smell

9、, watch, find, listen to, look at, notice, observe e.g.1）There we found him watching TV. 我们发现他在那儿看电视。2）I heard someone knocking at the door. 我听见有人在敲门。3动词 ing形式和动名词之间的比较：下面这些动词，后面接不定式或动名词意思都是一样的：begin to do begin doing continue to do continue doing start to do start doing 下面这些动词，后面接不定式或动名词意思是不一样的：sto

10、p to do stop doing forget to do forget doing remember to do remember doing try to do try doing go on to do go on doing be afraid to do be afraid doing 【专练】1. Dont forget _ the letter. A. to send B. send C. sending D. being sent 2. The chair looks very old, but in fact it is very comfortable to _. A.

11、 sit B. sit on C. be sat D. be sat on 3. Is _ necessary to return the book tomorrow? A. this B. that C. it D. which 4. Im afraid they would not allow him _ here. A. to smoke B. smoking C. smokes D. smoke 5. Mother told me _ the water before I drank it. A. boiling B. boiled C. boil D. to boil 精品资料 -

12、- - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考学习资料6. On my way home, I stopped _ some food. A. buy B. to buy C. buying D. bought 7. Li Yang advised me _ too much, otherwise I would have been drunk. A. not to drink B. to drink C. not drinkin

13、g D. drinking 8. He _ two million yuan _a vase at the auction. A. spent, buy B. cost, buying C. paid, buy D. spent, buying 9. The first thing I want to do is _. A. visit to him B. to visit him C. visiting him D. visited him 10. John was made _ the car for a week as a punishment. A. to wash B. washin

14、g C. wash D. to be washing 11. _ is one thing, _ is quite another. A. To say, to do B. Say, do C. Said, did D. To say, do 12. I ll try _ the same mistakes again.A. to not make B. not make C. not to make D. not making 13. It s too hard _ it by himself.A. not to do B. to do C. that I do D. doing 14. I

15、t s time for sports. Let s _bowling, shall we?A. go B.to go C. going D. goes 15. Mr. Zhou, you d better_ too much sugar. You are already overweight, said the doctor.A. not to eat B.to eat C. not eat D. eat 1If you keep _(fight) with him, you may hurt yourself. 2The students are busy _(prepare) for t

16、he coming exam. 3His duty is _(save) the sick people. 4I have nothing _ (send) you. 5They were made _ (work) ten hours a day. 6No one knows what _ (do) next. 【提高题】I. 选择题。1. The doctor came_ our eyes. A. to examine B. for examining C. as to examine D. examining 2. Our teacher always makes us _ hard.

17、A. to work B. work C. working D. worked 3. _ our classroom once a week is necessary. A. Cleaning B. Clean Cleaned D. To clean 4. _ is our duty _ good service to customers A. That, to give B. This, giving C. It, to give D. It, giving 5. It took years_ the highrise. A. for our building B. for us in bu

18、ilding C. to build D. building 6. Their wish is _ a house of their own. A. to have B. for having C. have D. of having 7. The teacher agreed _ us_ the test papers home. A. to let, take B. to let, to take C. letting, take D. let, take 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -

19、第 3 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考学习资料8. When he saw I was in a hurry, he offered _ me his bicycle. A. lending B. lent C. to lend D. in lending 9. I dont like_ people _about their neighbours. A. hear, talking B. to hear, talking C. to hear, to talk D. hearing, talked 10. I havent decided

20、 _ A. to take which train B. which to take a train C. which train to take D. which train taken 11. You must remember_ me a phone call as soon as you get there. A. giving B. to give C. gave D. give 12. Professor Brown taught his students_ English, and he learned _Chinese from them. A. how to speak, s

21、peaking B. how to speak, to speak C. how speaking, speaking D. how speak, to speak 13. Sorry, I forgot_ you that the party wouldnt be held tonight. Thats all right. Mary has told me about it. A. telling B. I told C. told D. to tell 14. I wonder_ him or not. A. if invite B. whether to invite C to inv

22、ite D. if to invite 15. I hope_ yourself. A. you to manage B. for you to manage C. you managing D. that you can manage 16. Would you like _you the way there? Its kind of you. Thank you. A. me showing B. that I show C. me show D. me to show 17. The old man said that hed prefer_alone in the country ra

23、ther than live with his son in the city. A. living B. to live C. that he lives D. for him to live 18. I know Alice very well. I have seen her _ up from childhood. A. grow B. grew C. was growing D. to grow 19. Since nobody told her_, she came to our help. A. what she did B. to do what C. what to do D

24、. what she to do 20. My aunt showed me _. A. how to make a dress B. how a dress be made C. how making a dress D. how a dress made 21. After she finished the exercises in the textbook, she tried_ more exercises_ . A. to find, to do B. finding, to do C. to find, she did D. finding, done 22. The police

25、man told Smith _after drinking. A. to not drive B. not driving C. not drive D. not to drive 23. Tom kept quiet about his mistake_ lose his job. A. so not as to B. so as not to C. so as to not D. not so as to 24. Pat should love _ little Jim to the theatre this evening. A. to take B. taking C. that h

26、e would take D. for him to take 25. We enjoy _ very much, because it is good for our health. A. run B. running C. to run D. ran 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考学习资料26. The light in the office is still on. Oh, I forgot _

27、. A. turn it off B. to turn it off C. that I turned it off D. that I should turn it off 27. They were very tired and stopped_ under a big tree. A. resting B. to rest C. rest D. that they would rest 28. Would you mind me the answer to the problem? Not at all. A. that you tell me B. telling C. to tell

28、 D. if telling 29. He promised_ a doctor for my son. A. me to get B. that he got me C. me getting D. me that he got 30. Father told the boy _the dog a few bones after dinner. A. that he gave B. to give C. giving D. gave. 31._that money for his education, his parents worked hard even after their days

29、 work. A. For getting B. Get C. So as to get D. In order to get 32. I think you are_ meals yourself. A. enough old to cook B. old enough to cook C. old enough for cooking D. enough old cooking 33. The maths problem is_ difficult_. A. so, as to work out B. very , to work out C. too, to work out D. qu

30、ite, worked out 34. Last night I was so tired that I fell asleep soon. I didnt hear him in. A. coming B. came C. to come D. come 35. Have you anything important_ us? A. to tell B. telling C. told us D. you tell 36. Do you know about Captain Ed Mitchell? 202 Yes. He was the sixth man _ on the moon. A

31、. walking B. walked C. to walk D. of walking 37. It is nice_her_so. A. for, to say B. for, saying C. of, to say D. of, said 38. Isnt it a nice way _the hard problem? A. to solve B. in solving C. solve D. solving 39. Youd better_ her about her own health now. A. not to tell B. not tell C. to not tell

32、 D. to tell not 40. What a coincidence! Dr. Brown happened_ the doctor I was looking for. A. he was B. being C. to be D. to being II. 填空题。1. Factories do not let out dirty water_ (为了不污染河流). 2. Her job is _. (照顾医院里患病的孩子) 3. In the supermarket the college students learned_. (如何为顾客服务) 4. There were so

33、many toys that Judy didnt know_. (挑选哪一个 ). 5. The only trouble is_. ( 如何保护这些电脑) 6. He will save money _.( 为了支付将来的大学费用) 7. The nurse_ . (不允许孩子们玩火柴) 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考学习资料8. This medicine will_.( 帮你入睡 ) 9. T

34、hey will be sent_( 到非洲当医疗队员). 10. The boy asked his teacher_.(让他自己修理冰箱) 11. The question is_. (是否让孩子们自己解决这个问题). 12. This telephone is_. ( 足够小可以放进口袋) 13. This book will tell you _. ( 如何使这台电脑储存信息) 14. I _. （没有回答试卷上的最后一个问题）15. It is not easy _. ( 一个人戒烟 ) 16. You can take a taxi there_ _. (而不是步行去 ) 17.

35、The underground train is _. (足够快可在20 分钟内从我们学校行驶到体育场 ). 18. The lecture hall is _.（太小容纳不下500 个学生）19. Julia hurried to school_. ( 没有吃早餐 ). 20. I told the students_. （不要将罐头和饮料瓶扔进河里）21. Thomas _. (有许多问题要问老师) 22. Do you know the saying “_.” （活到老学到老）23. Jack saw _. (牛跑回来 ) 24. Athens ran all the way_( 把好消

36、息告诉他的人民). 25. He was the first man _. ( 骑骑自行车做环球旅行) 26. They enjoy_. ( 爬山和野营) 27. As soon as the teacher entered, he asked_(我们停止讲话 ). 28. _ (在一个半小时内做完这份试卷) is almost impossible. 29. We were happy_. ( 看到他们回到营地) 30. Would you mind _. ？(我在你办公室打电话) 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - -

37、 - - - - - -第 6 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考学习资料答案：I. 1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. C 6. A 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. C 11. B 12. B 13. D 14. B 15. D 16. D 17. B 18. A19. C 20. A 21. A 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. B 27. B 28. B 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. A 36. C 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. C II

38、. 1. so as not to pollute the rivers 2. to take care of the sick children in the hospital 3. how to serve customers 4. which to choose 5. how to protect these computers 6. so as to pay the college expenses in the future 7. didnt allow the children to play with matches 8. help you to go to sleep 9. t

39、o work in Africa as members of a medical team 10. to let him repair the fridge himself 11. whether or not to let the children solve the problem themselves 12. small enough to fit into a pocket 13. how to make this computer store information 14. failed to answer the last question in the test paper 15

40、. for one to give up smoking 16. instead of walking 17. fast enough to move from our school to the stadium in twenty minutes 18. too small to hold five hundred students 19. without having breakfast 20. not to throw the cans and drinks bottles into the river 21. had many questions to ask his teacher

41、22. One is never too old to learn 23. the bull run back 24. to tell his people the good news 25. to travel around the world on his bicycle 26. climbing mountains and going on a camping trip 27. us to stop talking 28. To finish doing the test paper in one and a half hours 29. to see them return to the campsite 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考学习资料30. my making a telephone call in your office 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - -