雅思写作分类词汇高分版(共15页).doc

《雅思写作分类词汇高分版(共15页).doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《雅思写作分类词汇高分版(共15页).doc（15页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上IELTS 写作288个高分词汇说明：1 某个类别的词汇也可以用在其他类别，应灵活掌握。2 注意词汇的用法，尤其是词性。3 如果真的可以记熟以下词汇，雅思写作的用词方面你已经可以算一个专家了。4 只要记一个词就必须记熟练，如果似是而非、不熟练不准确的记忆在考场上只能导致扣分而不是拿分。 5 平时的例句背诵和范文欣赏中可以自己提取更多的分类词汇Education培养cultivate(v.) foster(v.) nurture(v.)促进学生身心发展promote the students physical, mental (or intellectual) and

2、emotional development心理健康psychological soundness (or well-being/farewell)上学attend school (“上学”似乎根本不是个问题，但其实在IELTS写作里也有比go to school 更精准的表达。如果要具体写去上某一所或者某类学校则可以给school加上a或者复数)剑8例句：Others, however, believe that boys and girls benefit more from attending mixed schools (男女合校).学习能力（先天）aptitude(n.) talent

3、(n.)学习能力（后天）skill(n.)学校教育schooling(n.)家庭教育upbringing(n.)/parenting(n.)给学生以动力give the students motivation to do sth./ motivate the students to do sth.青少年 adolescents(n.) youngsters(n.) youths(n.)传授知识impact (or inculcate) knowledge灌输高尚的价值观instill high moral values(注意value 这里是复数)给学生以灵感give the students

4、 inspiration 教学法teaching (or pedagogical) methodology适应adapt to do sth. adjust oneself to do sth.become accustomed to do sth.适应能力adaptability (n.)学生对老师所授知识的掌握students grasp (or command) of what has been taught就业能力 employable (or marketable) skills填鸭式教法教学生force-feed the students学生不应该只是被动接受知识的容器Studen

5、ts should not be treated as passive receptacles of predigested ideas死记硬背 learn things by rote为了记忆而记忆memorise for memorisations own sake责任感a sense of obligation/duty/responsibility记忆方程式、公式、定理、定义 memorise equations, formulas, theorems and laws 应用apply(vt.)盲从 follow sth. blindly follow sth. indiscrimin

6、ately限制创造力的发展extinguish (or stifle/constrain) creativity打击学生的积极性dampen (or sap) the students enthusiasmfrustrate the students产生不必要的压力beget (or create) undue pressure塑造某人的性格mould ones character把学生分开教育 segregate the students同龄人peers来自其他同学的压力peer pressure逆境adverse circumstancesadverstity (n.)团队精神 team

7、spirit独立思考think independently 在理解的基础上思考 learn things through understanding鼓励学生用辩证的眼光看问题encourage the students to think critically学生的反馈students feedbackstudents input学生评级老师的教学Students appraise/evaluate their teachers performance各门科目的总称curriculum (n.)具体一门科目的内容syllabus (n.)课外活动extra-curricular activiti

8、es学校是社会的缩影A school is soclety in miniature不遵守纪律 (名词)indiscipline ( n.)misbehavior (n.)mischief (n.)违反纪律的学生disruptive studentsunruly students理论知识theoretical knowledge通才gegeneralist (n.)专才specialist (n.)全面发展的well-rounded (adj.)versatile (adj.)为社会健康发展作贡献contribute to societal well-being (or welfare)人文学

9、科humanities (n.)社会科学social sciences艺术arts (n.)文科总称liberal studies/arts (n.)理科sciences (n.)工科engineering (n.)学科(通称)discipline (n.)基础科学basic sciences应用科学applied sciences小(中、大学)教育primary-level (or secondary-level/ tertiary-level) education职业教育vocational educationTechnology 尖端的信息cutting-edge technology信

10、息爆炸information explosion(or overload)信息时代the information age(or era)互联网的广泛使用the proliferation use of the Internet/the extensive use of the Internet/ the widespread use of the Internet 科技创新及发展technological innovations(or inventions) and advances/progressions提高效率augment(or enhance/boost) efficiency提高生

11、产效率augment(or enhance/boost) productivity减少人力的机器labour-saving machinery 取代人力的机器labour-replacing machinery自动化automation(n.)automated(adj.)生物技术biotechnology克隆clone(v.)cloning(n.)远程通信telecommunication太空探索space exploration/space probe人的基因构成ones genetic makeupones DNA programmingMedia 时事current affairs新闻

12、界the press印刷媒体the print media电子媒体the electronic media报道新闻的机构news outlets无处不在的prevalent(adj.)ubiquitous(adj.)pervasive(adj.)充斥着be awash withbe inundated withbe saturated with sth审查censor(v.)删除delete(v.)eliminate(v.)excise(v.)过多的暴力与色情内容dxcessive (or gratuitous) violent and pornographic有误导性的misleading(

13、adj.)misrepresented(adj.)distorted(adj.)诈骗性的fraudulent(adj.)虚假的false(adj.)bogus(adj.)报道非常详尽的细节report sth. In graphic detail媒体炒作media hype夸大事件exaggerate thingssensationalise things blow things out of all proportions公正客观的objective and balanced 揭露expose(v.)reveal(v.)侵犯隐私violate (or intrude on/infringe

14、on ) someones privacy毁坏某人的名誉tarnish(or sully/smear/besmirch) ones reputation狗仔队paparazzi(n.)(paparazzi)是复数名词名人celebrities(pl.)单数是a celebrity丑闻scandals(n.)掩盖cover upgloss overwhitewash (v.)不客观的biased(adj.)akewed(adj.)unobjective(adj.)如实的描述factual accounts可信的reliable(adj.)trustworthy(adj.)dependable(a

15、dj.)及时的up-to-dateup-to-the-minute信息量大的informative(adj.)娱乐性强的entertaining(adj.)有新闻价值的newsworthy(adj.)道德标准code of ethicscode of conductGovernment当局authorities(n.)老百姓citizens(n.)the citizenry规范，管理regulate (v.)monitor(v.)oversee(v.)实施implement(v.)立法legislate(v.)make laws严禁strictly prohibitban altogether

16、严格的法律stringent laws (or legislation)监督scrutiny(n.)scrutinise(v.)monitor(v.)为拨款allocate money to sth.be a patron ofinvest infund (v.)dedicate mondy to sth.预算budget (n.)税收tax revenue政府开支the government spending/expenditure on sth.剑8实例：the changes in annual government spending消减curtail (v.)增添augment (v.

17、)当务之急priority (n.)把当成当务之急give priority to sth.责任duty (n.)responsibility (n.)obligation (n.)军备竞赛arms race (n.)自卫self-defence (n.)国土安全national securityhomeland security缺乏远见的政策Short-sighted policy扩张expansion (n.)aggression (n.)谋求霸权seek (or pursue) hegemony恶性循环a vicious circle地区不稳定因素destabilising factor

18、s规章制度rules and regulations太空竞赛space race武器arms (n.)weapons (n.)armaments (n.)下岗工人laid-off workersdownsized workers失业unemployment (n.)joblessness (n.)基础设施infrastructure (n.)公共交通系统public transport system (这是英式写法)电网power grid民主的democratic民主democracy石油天然气管线pipelines给排水系统water supply and drainage system民

19、主与开明的政府a democratic and progressive governmentLanguage一种可以通用的语言a lingua francaa universal languagea global language英语的广泛应用the proliferation of English英语的统治地位the dominant role ( or the ascendancy/ the hegemony ) of English方言dialect ( n. )vernacular ( n. )the indigenous language小语种将会消亡lesser-known lan

20、guages will become extinct ( or obsolete )小语种的消亡the extinction ( or demise )of lesser-known languagesCulture 文化遗产包括有形的和无形的两种，有形的如历史遗迹；无形的如风俗、仪式、传统道德观念等。Cultural heritage can be divided into two groups: tangible cultural heritage, such as historic sites, and intangible cultural heritage, such as cuto

21、mes, rites, rituals and mores.保护preserve (v.) / protect ( v. )祖先forefathers ( n.)ancestors ( n.)后代descendants ( n.)posterity ( n.)少数民族ethnic minorities民族团结the harmony between ethnic groups ( or races )文化融合cultural integration and synthesis相互影响interaction (n. )动词词组是 interact with文化多元性cultural diversi

22、ty / cultural heterogeneity (第二个表达非常正式，只作替换时用)丰富enrich ( v.)狭隘的观念insular ( or provincial/ parochial ) mentality贬低deprecate (v. )denigrate ( v. )minimise the importance ofdisparage ( v. )trivialise ( v. )discredit ( v. )不是一成不变的sth. is not set/carved in stoneSociety生活节奏加速The tempo/ pace of life is acc

23、elerating持续的疲劳fatigue ( n. )导致人与人之间疏远create alienation between people过于功利的materialistic (adj. )mercenary (adj. )money-worshipping (adj. )追求最大限度利润pursue maximum profit（公共的）交通运输方式modes of transport/ means of transport (请注意transport作名词时是英式拼写，对应的名词美式拼写则是被国内同学所更熟悉的transportation)交通工具vehicle (n.)私家车privat

24、e vehicle汽油petrol (BrE) / gasoline (AmE)交通堵塞traffic jamstraffic congestiongridlock ( n.)剑8例句：Traffic congestion will not be solved by changing the type of private vehicle people can use.阻碍impede (v.)hinder (v.)hamper (v.)obstruct (v.)inhibit (v.)扶贫poverty alleviation (v.)就业机会job opportunityemploymen

25、t opportunity贫穷的needy (adj.)poverty-strickenimpoverished (adj.)deprived (adj.)destitute (adj.)indigent (adj.)富裕的affluent (adj.)wealthy (adj.)well-off 撞车car wreckscar accidents行人pedestrians (n.)交通肇事者traffic accident perpetrators违章横穿马路jaywalk (v.)监控摄像头surveillance camera有特殊审美价值的老房子old buildings of spe

26、cial aesthetic value有特殊历史意义的老房子buildings of historic significnace居民vernacular dwellings让城市更美好enhance the cityscape破旧的（房子）decrepit (adj.)rundown (adj.)rickety (adj.)dilapidated (adj.)拆除tear down/knock down/demolish/rase (a building)高楼high-rise buildings摩天大楼skyscrapers (n.)城市化urbanization (n.)城乡差距the

27、disparity between the city and the countryside城市的urban (adj.）乡村的rural (adj.)搬迁relocate (v.)在家上班telecommute (v.)休闲leisure (n.)recreation (n.)精神上的享受amusement and enjoyment娱乐entertainment (n.)diversion (n.)宽松的管理laissez-faire management运营成本operating costsoverhead costs雇用recruit (v.)会导致效率降低的counterproduc

28、tive (adj.)劳动力资源labour pool(labour是英式写法)抑郁症depression (n.)失眠sleeplessness (n.)sleep-deprivation insomnia (n.)人口爆炸population explosionpopulation boom控制人口family planningbirth control爱慕虚荣的pretentious (adj.)ostentatious (adj.)缺少运动的生活方式sedentary lifestyle营养过剩overnourishment (n.)Globalisation 合作cooperate

29、with/ collaborate with（一个国家或地区的）文化特性(nation or regional) cultural identity全球文化同一化过程（即地区文化的消失）global cultural homogenisation文化同一性cultural homogeneitycultural uniformity全球化是一把双刃剑Globalisation is a two-edged sword.地球村the global village文化同化cultural assimilation侵蚀亚洲文化erode the Asian cultureWomen两性平等gende

30、r equality性别歧视gender discriminationsexism (n.)一个开明的社会a progressive/enlightened society被家务事拖累be tied down household chores 生育孩子child bearing抚育孩子child rearing母性本能maternal instinct家务事housework (n.)household choresFamilies老年人elderly peoplesenior citizens家庭成员间的情感纽带family bondsfamily ties归属感a sense of bel

31、onging对的依恋an attachment to sth.an affinity for sth.单亲家庭single-parent households虐待mistreat (v.)abuse (v.)家庭暴力domestic violence毒品上瘾addiction to drugsbe addicted to drugsTourism旅游景点tourist attractions tourist spotsplaces of interest开阔眼界push back(or expand)ones vision(or horizons)(horizons必须是复数)游客可以与当地人

32、互动Tourists can interact with the locals.促进文化交流promote cultural communication吸引draw(or attract/appeal to/be a magnet for sb.)亲身体验first-hand experience多种感官体验的（如听觉，触觉等）multi-sensory(adj.)冲突conflict(与with搭配使用)争端discord (n.)dissension (n.)把游客和当地人隔离seclude (or isolate) the tourist from the locals商业化commer

33、cialise (v.)commodify (v.)间接体验（比如通过电视或者互联网）second-hand experience / vicarious experience文化遗产cultural heritage互联网不会让旅游业过时the Internet will not render tourism obsoleteEnvironment生态平衡ecological balanceecological equilibrium可持续发展sustainable development环保主义者environmentalists (n.)conservationists (n.)对环境无

34、害的environmentally-friendly (adj.)节约使用conserve (v.)保护preserve (v.)再利用reuse (v.)recycle (v.)各国必须携手解决环境问题countries on this planet must join forces/make a concerted effort/unite to combat (or tackle/resolve/address) environmental problems增强公众关于的意识raise (or elevate) the public awareness of sth.短缺shortage

35、 (n.)scarcity (n.)dearth (n.)lack (n.)让资源承受很大的压力put a strain on the resources stretch resources to the limit (固定短语)破坏自然资源wreak havoc on natural resources砍伐森林deforestation (n.)污染pollute (v.)contaminate (v.)有毒的poisonous (adj.)toxic (adj.)增加农产品产量boost crop yield可再生资源renewable resources不可再生资源non-renewab

36、le resources(包括：金属metals、矿产minerals、石油petroleum、天然气natural gas、煤coal等。后三种可以总称为fossil fuels)消耗（某种资源）consume (v.)deplete (v.)用尽（某种资源）use up exhaust (v.)严厉的措施harsh actions/measures (n.)生态系统ecosystem (n.)ecological system某一地区所有生物总称the wildlife in a regionthe biota (=flora+fauna) of a region生物的多样性biodive

37、rsity （n.）污水effluent (n,)sewage (n.)排放discharge (n.)温室效应greenhouse effectglobal warming严重的severe (adj.)grave (adj.)grievous (adj.)白色污染产生的垃圾non-biodegradable garbagewastes that cannot decompose or break downinorganic trash谴责而不是纵容condemn rather than condone sth.臭氧层ozone layer肥沃的土壤fertile soil贫瘠的土壤infe

38、rtile soil耕地arable landfarmland (n.)Crime触犯法律break( or violate/ flout/ disobey) the law犯罪commit a crime罪行offences(n.) (英式拼写)crimes(n.)criminal acts罪犯criminal(n.)offender(n.)culprit(n.)perpetrator(n.)从犯accomplice(n.)accessory(n.)(后者指帮助犯罪但未直接参与的人)憎恨社会resent societyhold a grudge against society囚犯inmate

39、(n.)convicts(n.)受害者victim(n.)心理创伤trauma(n.)牢房cell(n.)监禁imprison( or incarcerate) someone被绳之以法be brought to justice宽容的lenient( adj.)改造罪犯reform criminalsrehabilitate criminals执法部门law enforcement agencies重罪heinous crimeflagitious crimefelony( n.)轻罪petty crimemisdemeanor( 这是英式拼写)初犯的人first-time offender惯

40、犯hardened criminalsrepeat criminals再次犯罪revert to crime守法的公民law-abiding citizens遵守法律abide by the lawcomply with the law无视disregard( v.)给某人造成心理创伤traumatize someone抓捕track downhunt downcapture( v.)犯罪倾向criminal tendencyAnimals动物权益保护主义者animal right activists医学研究medical research残忍的cruel( adj.)merciless( a

41、dj.)inhuman( adj.)（主义和inhumane“不人道”的区分）callous( adj.)brutal( adj.)活体解剖vivisection( n.)麻醉anaesthetic(n.)(这是英式拼写)减轻动物的痛苦relieve/ alleviate/ ease animals pain宠物是主人的伙伴pets are their masters companions给主人心理安慰afford their masters consolation and comfort偷猎poach( v.)poaching( n.)某一种事物是没有替代物的there are no replacements/ substitutes/ alternatives for sth.(如果是单数则replacementssubstitutes和 alternatives要去掉s)专心-专注-专业