2020届高三英语一轮复习---阅读理解之七选五教学课件 (共34张PPT).pptx

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1、阅读理解专题之阅读理解专题之 “七选五七选五”考纲解读：考纲解读：主要考察学生对文章的整体内容和结构主要考察学生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。（考试说明）（考试说明） 选材特点选材特点： 短文一般为短文一般为300300词左右的短文，其中正文词数词左右的短文，其中正文词数240240左右，选项词数左右，选项词数6060左右。左右。体裁以体裁以说明文说明文为主。为主。 设空类型（句子功能）设空类型（句子功能）： 1.1. 主旨句主旨句 （主题句或小标题）（主题句或小标题）2.2. 过渡性句子（文章结构）过渡性句子（文章结构）3.3. 细节注

2、释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）细节注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）段首段首/ /尾尾段首段首/ /中中段中段中篇篇 / 章章/ 结结/ 构构七选五解题技巧七选五解题技巧看设空位置看设空位置段首段首段中段中段尾段尾1. 1. 段首：主旨句段首：主旨句 关注句式结构关注句式结构 紧扣下文紧扣下文技巧技巧 38 Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being. 39 If youve be

3、en betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But theres a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. At some point in all of our lives, well have our trust tested or violated. You didnt lose “everything”. Once trust is lost, A. Learn to really trust yourself. C.

4、 Stop regarding yourself as the victim. D. Remember that you can expect the best in return.AC段首时：关注句式结构段首时：关注句式结构 紧扣下文紧扣下文2.2.段尾：概括句段尾：概括句 内容关联内容关联 概括贴切概括贴切技巧技巧1.Think ahead. The moments when I think cooking is a pain are when Im already hungry and there is nothing ready to eat. So think about of th

5、e coming week. When will you have time to cook? Do you have the right materials ready?_37_A. Try new things. B. Ability is easily improved.C. Make three or four instead.D. Understand your food better.E. Cooking is a burden for many people.F. Let cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burde

6、n.G. A little time planning ahead can save a lot of work later on.G段尾时：内容关联段尾时：内容关联 概括贴切概括贴切 3.3. 段中：细节句居多；段中：细节句居多； 少有过渡句少有过渡句 1 1) )句式结构句式结构 2 2) ) 词汇衔接（尤其词汇衔接（尤其代词指代推理代词指代推理） 3 3) )衔接过渡词衔接过渡词 4 4) )瞻前顾后瞻前顾后难点难点技巧技巧1)1)句式结构句式结构排比排比; ;反问反问; ;对比对比; ;并列的祈使句并列的祈使句1)1)句式结构句式结构 During the first week, do

7、 not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day. 38 , it is wise to take a day off to rest. But during the next week, set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run. 39 . After two weeks, start timing yourself. 40 . Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter, you can set up a

8、timetable for the remaining weeks before the race. A. After six days D. With each day, increase the distance by a half mileAD介词介词+时间单位时间单位原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、反义原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现。词复现。 Tip：作者在文章上下文不同的位置对：作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一同一个概念个概念进行进行重复重复描述，保证文章前后衔接。描述，保证文章前后衔接。 Ex1The scientists say that the human li

9、fe has changed greatlyOur bodies have not been able to deal with these changes in lifestyle and this had led to new kinds of sicknesses 72 So they are called diseases of civilizationMany cancers and diseases of the blood system are examples of such diseases.AStone Age people lived a simple life.BBut

10、 today, we enjoy eating a lot of these.CIn that case, they would live much healthier.DAncient people also got lots of physical exercise.EThese new sicknesses were not known in ancient times.F People today probably dont want to live like our ancestors.GModern people used to suffer from diseases of ci

11、vilization. sicknessessicknessesE原词原词Ex2On the other hand, the advantages of going overseas may include day-to- day opportunities to learn a new culture, meet new friends with whom you can use and practice the language, and chances to see different parts of the world. _Those disadvantages include ex

12、pense, time away from ones school, family,A.The following are its advantages.B.However, there may be a number of disadvantages.C.Consider a distance education.D.Most of us are adapted to studying at school.However反义词反义词 代词线索代词线索 弄清弄清指代关系指代关系和根据和根据代词的单复数代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。差异可以准确而快速地解题。Ex4Ex4 73 They

13、say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, B. He said that laughter is much healthier than anger.A. Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger.C. Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time.TheyEx5 72 72 .Their an

14、ger might be so strong that they lose control of their temper. They may act in ways unacceptable and hurtful. People may say that someone has trouble controlling their temper._7373_E. In fact, they usually mean that a kid behaves badly when feeling angry.G. Some kids get angry more often or more eas

15、ily than some other kids. GE同范畴词出现同范畴词出现同范畴词是指同范畴词是指跟此词汇相关或同一领跟此词汇相关或同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现域的词汇在文章中共同出现，达到语义，达到语义衔接的目的。衔接的目的。 在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词。 一般来说，上下文中词汇联系越接近，一般来说，上下文中词汇联系越接近，衔接关系越紧密。衔接关系越紧密。 Ex3 Everybody gets stressed time to time. Try taking these four steps the next time you are stress

16、ed: (1) Get support. When you need help, reach out to the people who care about you. Talk to a trusted adult, such as a parent or other relatives. 72 They might have had similar problems such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet.A. Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough

17、 situation. C. Different people feel stress in different ways E. You need to figure out what the problem is. F. And dont forget about your friends. 可以相信的人可以相信的人=父母父母+亲戚亲戚+朋友（同范畴）朋友（同范畴）F 3)3)衔接过渡词衔接过渡词: : 语篇连贯性的灵魂语篇连贯性的灵魂! ! A. 并列关系：First(ly), Second(ly),.；First, then/next,.；for one thing, for anoth

18、er, .；then /next , finally/last 等。B. 递进关系：too ,also, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, whats more, in addition, as well, to make matters worse, not .but., not only .but also等。C. 解释例证关系：for example ,for instance ,in fact/as a matter of fact ,actually ,in other words /that is to say 等关注句间逻辑关系的衔

19、接关注句间逻辑关系的衔接D. 因果关系：因果关系： so /therefore, thus, consequently(结果）结果） , as a result (of), so/ such .that .,so that .等等E. 转折对比关系：转折对比关系：but, however, yet, while /though, or /otherwise, on the contrary, instead, nevertheless（然而）（然而）, still, yet, on the contrary, in contrast / comparison 等等F. 概括归纳关系：概括归纳关

20、系：in short , in brief , in summary, generally speaking, in general, to conclude, in conclusion, in a word, on the whole, to sum up 等等3)3)衔接过渡词衔接过渡词 Hopefully that gives you a good start. _40_ And dont let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way you eat and live! E. C

21、ooking is a burden for many people. F. Let cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden.F 4)4)瞻前顾后，瞻前顾后，找准找准句子句子间间的联系的联系 During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day. 38 , it is wise to take a day off to rest. But during the next week, set a goa

22、l of at least a mile and a half per run. 39 . After two weeks, start timing yourself. 40 . Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter, you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race. F. Time spent for preparation raises the quality of training G. Now you are ready to figure

23、out a goal of improving distance and time G4)4)瞻前顾后瞻前顾后 Book 4 Module 1 Popular science and modern technology We have compared the internet to a big city full of attractions. 36 You need to know how to avoid them especially if there are young people in your household. E. More and more people enjoy v

24、isiting such an attractive city. G. But like a big city, the internet has its dark sideways and risky neighborhoods.G关注文章逻辑关系的衔接关注文章逻辑关系的衔接 成都市成都市2016二诊阅读七选五二诊阅读七选五提出观点阐明态度关注文章结构关注文章结构陈述理由 Whether a salad bowl or a melting pot, Ameica can be best described as a mixture of both. 40A. Both are correct

25、 depending on ones point of view.B. They never lose their shapes, colors or tastes.C. This is why therre is so much diversity within America.D. In other words, America is a nation where there is unity in diversity.E. Thus, one needs to abandon ones culture to be considered American.F. They serve to

26、develop the various ethnic groups to create a new American culture.G. The other theory, which is also used to describe American society, is the melting pot. _3_ Jeff is doing it by sneaking answers to _3_ Jeff is doing it by sneaking answers to a test.And ita test.And its also cheating to break the

27、s also cheating to break the rules of a game or contest or to be pretend rules of a game or contest or to be pretend something is yours when it isnsomething is yours when it isnt. When people t. When people cheat, itcheat, its not fair to other people.s not fair to other people.B. Cheating can happe

28、n in a lot of different B. Cheating can happen in a lot of different ways.ways.F. There are plenty of reasons why a kid F. There are plenty of reasons why a kid shouldnshouldnt cheat, but some kids have already t cheat, but some kids have already cheated.cheated.温馨提示：注意命题陷阱。注意命题陷阱。切忌当同样的词，同样的名字或同样切忌当同样的词，同样的名字或同样的日期都在文中或节选段落中出现，就认为它们是正确的的日期都在文中或节选段落中出现，就认为它们是正确的选项，一定要符合逻辑，确保文章内容严谨。选项，一定要符合逻辑，确保文章内容严谨。注重速度注重速度。进行限时训练，培养实战观念，不可拖沓。进行限时训练，培养实战观念，不可拖沓。 主旨大意把握好，读懂选项更重要主旨大意把握好，读懂选项更重要 关键信息相匹配，核查排除不可少关键信息相匹配，核查排除不可少