2022年新目标八级上册英语第一单元Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation知识点归纳 .pdf

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1、1 初二上册英语第一单元知识点讲解Unit1 Where did you go on vacation? 一、重点词汇与短语单词anyone eniw?n pron.任何人anywhere eniwe?(r) adv.任何地方n.任何(一个)地方wonderful w?nd?fl adj. 精彩的；极好的few fju ? adj.很少的； n.少量most m?st adj.最多的；大多数的；something s?m ? pron.某事物；nothing(=notanything) n? ? pron.没有什么 n.没有myself ma?self pron.我自己everyone evr

2、iw?n pron.每人；人人yourself j? self pron.你自己；你亲自hen hen n.母鸡；雌禽bored b? d adj.无聊的；厌烦的；郁闷的pig n.猪diary da?ri n.日记；日记簿 (keep a diary) seem si? m vi.似乎；好像someone s ?mw?n pron.某人；有人quite a few相当多；不少 (后接可数名词 ) of course ?vk? s 当然activity ?kt ?v?ti n.活动；活跃decide d?sa?d v.决定；选定 (decide to do sth.) try tra? v.尝

3、试；设法；努力(try to do sth. /try doing sth.) bird b? d n.鸟；禽paragliding p?r? la?d? n.空中滑翔跳伞bicycle ba? s? kl n.自行车building b? ld ? ? n. 建筑物trader tre? d?(r) n.商人；商船wonder w ?nd?(r) v.惊奇；想知道；怀疑difference d? fr ?ns n. 差异；不同精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 23 页 - -

4、- - - - - - - - 2 top t?p n. 顶部；顶wait we ? t v.等；等待 (wait for) umbrella ?mbrel ? n. 伞；雨伞wet wet adj.湿的；雨天的below b ? l ? prep.低于；在 . 下面 adv. 在下面as ?z conj.如同；像 . 一样enough ? n ?f adj.足够的 adv. 足够地；充分地duck d ?k n.鸭肉；鸭hungry( 反 full) h?ri adj.饥饿的；渴望的feel like(doing sth.)想要dislike d? sla ? k v.不喜欢；厌恶 n. 不

5、喜爱；厌恶；反感一、短语：1. go on vacation去度假2.stay at home 待在家里3.go to the mountains 去爬山4. go to the beach 去海滩5. visit museums 参观博物馆6. go to summer camp 去参加夏令营7.quite a few 相当多 (只修饰可数名词 ) 8.study for 为而学习9.go out 出去10.most of the time 大部分时间11. taste good 尝起来很好吃12.have a good time 玩得高兴13. of course 当然14.feel li

6、ke 给的感觉；感受到15.go shopping 去购物16.in the past 在过去17. walk around 四处走走18. because of 因为19. one bowl of 一碗 20. the next day 第二天21. drink tea 喝茶22. find out 找出；查明23. go on 继续24.take photos 照相25. something important 重要的事26. up and down 上上下下27. come up 出来28. buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth. 为某人买某物29. taste

7、+ adj. 尝起来 30. look+adj. 看起来 31.nothingbut+动词原形除了之外什么都没有32.seem+ （to be）+ adj. 看起来 33. arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点到达某地34.decide to do sth. 决定去做某事35. try doing sth. 尝试做某事/ 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 23 页 - - - - - - - - - - 3 36. try to do sth. 尽力去做某事

8、37. forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事 / 38. forget to do sth. 忘记做某事39. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事40. want to do sth. 想去做某事41. start doing sth. 开始做某事42. stop doing sth. 停止做某事43. dislike doing sth.不喜欢做某事44. keep doing sth. 继续做某事45. Why not do. sth.? 为什么不做 呢？46. so+adj.+that+ 从句如此以至于 47. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告

9、诉某人（不要）做某事48 .have a good time=enjoy oneself=have fun(doing sth.) 玩得痛快二、句型1、buy sth. for sb. = buy sb. sth. 为某人买某物2、taste + adj. 尝起来 look+adj. 看起来 3、nothing but+ 动词原形除了之外什么都没有4、seem+（to be）+ adj. 看起来 5、arrive in+大地点（如国家、省份、城市等）/ arrive at+小地点（如学校、商店、车站等）到达某地get to+地点/reach+地点到达某地6、decide to do sth.

10、决定去做某事7、 try doing sth.尝试做某事（强调抱着试试看的心态尝试某件事是否行得通）/ try to do sth（强调付出努力并设法去完成）.尽力去做某事8、forget doing sth.忘记做过某事 / forget to do sth.忘记做某事9、 enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事10、 want to do sth. 想去做某事want sb to do sth 11、start doing sth. 开始做某事12、 stop doing sth. 停止做某事13、dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事14、 keep doing sth.

11、继续做某事keep on doing sth 不停做某事15、. Why not do. sth.=Why dont you do sth? 为什么不做呢？16、so+adj.+that+从句如此以至于 17、tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事18、enough+名词：足够的；充足的；从分的；形容词 + enough：足够地；充足地；从分地19、 not really： 真的没有20、 seem to do sth 似乎好像做某事21、Bye for now! 到这该说再见了！22、 .have a good time=enjoy oneself=hav

12、e fun(doing sth.) 玩得痛快keep sth+adj. 使保持 状态feel like +n./v.ing sth 想要；想要做 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 23 页 - - - - - - - - - - 4 三、重点句子1. Where did you go on vacation? 你去哪儿度假的？1）这是一个由疑问副词where引导的特殊疑问句。 Where 用来询问地点或场所，用于句首，其后跟一般疑问句。如：Where are you from？W

13、here does he live ？2）go on vacation“去度假”He will go on vacation with his family. 他要和家人一起度假。【解析】vacation v ?ke ? n n 假期 = holiday on vacation 在度假take a vacation 去度假winter vacation 寒假summer vacation 暑假I have a lot of _every year . (vacation) ( ) Where did Sarah go on vacation? She went to America. A. o

14、n vacation B. take a vacation C. is on vacation D. is for vacation 2、Did you go with anyone? 你和别人一起去的吗？这是一个一般过去时的一般疑问句。 当含有实义动词的一般过去时的陈述句变为一般疑问句时，需借助助动词did，此时后面的实义动词应用原形。其句型结构为“did+ 主语+动词原形 +其它？ ” ，肯定回答为 “Yes, 主语+did” ，否定回答为 “No,主语+didnt ”基本用法pron. anyone 任何人，相当于 anybody， 通常用在否定句、 疑问句或条件从句中。如：I won?

15、t tell anyone I saw you here. 我不会告诉任何人我在这儿见过你。Why would anyone want that job? 为什么会有人想要那份工作呢？ 知识拓展 -同类词some- any- no- every- 指人someone 有人somebody anyone 任何人anybody no one 没有人nobody everyone 人人everybody 指物something 某物anything 任何事nothing 没有事everything 一切事指地点 somewhere 某地 anywhere 任 何 地方nowhere 无处，没有地方e

16、verywhere 到处注意：(1)由 some-, any-, no-, every- 构成的符合不定代词作主语时， 都作单数看待， 其精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 23 页 - - - - - - - - - - 5 谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。(2)不定代词若有定语修饰，该定语要置于其后，作后置定语。如：I?d like something to drink. 我想要些喝的。Is there anything interesting in the book? 这本书中有

17、有趣的东西吗？小结： 【解析 1】someone s?mw?n pron 某人anyone eniw?n pron 任何人everyone evriw?n pron 每人，人人3.visited my uncle 看望了我的叔叔visit 是及物动词，意为 “ 拜访；探望 ”,后接表示人的名词或代词。visit 还可以意为 “ 参观；游览 ” ，后接表示地点的名词。a.I visited my grandmother last week. 上周我去 _了我的外婆。b.Do you want to visit Shanghai? 你想_上海吗？拓展： visitor意为“ 参观者；游客 ” 。T

18、hese visitors come from America._ 4. How did you like it？你觉得它怎么样？【解析】How do you like sth?= What do you think of sth? 或者“How do you feel about . ？” ，你认为 .怎么样？ It?s/ they?re . I love/ like. I don?t mind. I can?t stand . 5.Did you buy anything special ？你买特别的东西了吗？【解析】buy 及物动词，以为 “ 买；购买 ” ，过去式为 bought bu

19、y sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth. 为某人买某物My father bought me a bike.= My father bought a bike for me. 我爸爸给我买了辆自行车。anything 不定代词，意为 “ 某事；某件东西 ” ，主要用于疑问句或否定句中。Do you want anything about it. 你想从我这里要些什么吗？anything special 意为“ 特别的东西 ” ，形容词修饰不定代词时应该后置。Is there anything new in this book? 这本书里有新的内容吗 ? Do you want

20、 anything else? 你还想要其他什么吗？5、I didnt really see anything I liked. 我实在没有看到我喜欢的任何东西。这是一个省略了关系代词that 定语从句。 主句为 I didn t really see anything，从句 I liked， 修饰先行词 anything。 因 anything 是不定代词，故关系代词只能用 that,且 that 在从句中作宾语，因此可以省略。2.Oh, did you do anywhere interesting? 哦，你去有趣的地方了吗？(P2.2d) 【解析】本句是did 开头的一般疑问句；一般过去

21、时中不含was/were 的句子在变一般疑问句时，需用助动词did，原句中的动词过去式需变成原形。Did you have a party last night? 你昨晚上举行聚会了吗？anywhere 用作副词，意为 “ 在任何地方 ”精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 23 页 - - - - - - - - - - 6 Did you go anywhere during the summer vacation? 你暑假期间去过什么地方吗？注意： anywhere 与 som

22、ewhere 的区别anywhere 意为“ 在任何地方 ” ，常用于否定句和疑问句中。I can?t find it anywhere. 我到处都找不到它。Somewhere 意为“ 在某处；到某处 ” ，常用于肯定句中。I lost my key somewhere near here. 我把钥匙丢在这附近的某个地方了。6.Oh, did you do anywhere interesting? 哦，你去有趣的地方了吗？【解析】本句是did 开头的一般疑问句；一般过去时中不含was/were 的句子在变一般疑问句时，需用助动词did，原句中的动词过去式需变成原形。Did you have

23、a party last night? 你昨晚上举行聚会了吗？anywhere 用作副词，意为 “ 在任何地方 ”Did you go anywhere during the summer vacation? 你暑假期间去过什么地方吗？注意： anywhere 与 somewhere 的区别anywhere 意为“ 在任何地方 ” ，常用于否定句和疑问句中。I can?t find it anywhere. 我到处都找不到它。Somewhere 意为“ 在某处；到某处 ” ，常用于肯定句中。I lost my key somewhere near here. 我把钥匙丢在这附近的某个地方了。7

24、. Kevin meet anyone interesting?凯文遇到有趣的人了吗？【注】不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数Is everyone here ? Did she go to the park with _last year? ( someone) 【解析 2】interest v 使感兴趣 interesting adj. 有兴趣的 interested adj. 感兴趣的be interested in=take interest in 对感兴趣The students are _in these _books.( interest) 【注】 以ing 结尾的 adj. 常用来

25、作定语或表语，修饰物。以ed结尾的 adj.用来表示情绪，常做表语，修饰人Excited/exciting bored/boring relaxed/relaxing This movie wasn?t _. He fell asleep half way through it.A. interesting enough B. enough interesting C. interested enough D. enough interested 8.Grace buy anything special? 格蕾丝买特别的东西了吗？【注】形容词修饰不定代词，放在不定代词之后9. I have s

26、omething important to tell you. 我有重要的事告诉你。【解析】something pron. 某事，某物anything pron. 任何事物nothing pron. 没有什么；没有一件东西【注】形容词修饰不定代词，放在不定代词之后( ) Everything there _ interesting yesterday evening? A. was B. is C. were D. are ( ) Did he do _ before? A. anything interesting B. interesting anything C. anywhere in

27、teresting D. interesting anywhere “Have you read todays newspaper “Yes Its really boring.精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 23 页 - - - - - - - - - - 7 There ,is _in it.”A. something new B. nothing new C. anything new 10、We took quite a few photos there. 我们在那里拍

28、了不少照片。take photos 意为“ 照相；拍照 ” 。Could you help me take some photos? 你能帮我拍几张照片吗？【辨析】：quite a few 与 quite a little quite a few 意为 “ 相当的 ;不少 ” ，修饰可数名词复数；quite a little 意为 “ 相当的 ;不少” ，修饰不可数名词。He will stay here for _ _ _days. There is _ _ _water in the bottle( 瓶子 ). 【解析 1】 few / a few little / a little辨析否

29、定肯定所修饰的名词few 没有，几乎没有a few 有几个可数名词复数little 几乎没有。a little 有一点儿不可数名词【拓展】 few / a few 用来修饰可数名词，few 表示否定， “ 没有，几乎没有” ；He has few friends here, he feels lonely. 他这里没朋友，他感觉寂寞a few 表示有肯定，“ 有几个 ”There are a few eggs in the basket.篮子里有几个鸡蛋。little / a little 用来修饰不可数名词，little 表示否定， “ 没有，几乎没有” 。There is little t

30、ime left. Hurry up! 没多少时间了，快点儿！a little 表示肯定， “ 有一点儿 ”Can you speak English? Yes, but only a little. In our school, _ students like English, but _ of them can speak English smoothly. A. a little, a few B. a few, few C. a few, little D. a little, few John is getting very thin. He doesnt eat _ food. A

31、. many B. enough C. few D. little Now teenagers are very busy with their schoolwork and they have _ time to do exercise. A. few B. little C. a few D. a little 11 I bought something for my parents , but nothing for myself . 我为我父母买了一些东西，但是没有给我自己买什么东西。【解析】 myself 我自己【拓展】反身代词(1)反身代词的构成一、二人称的反身代词构成 :形容词性

32、物主代词+self/selves 构成单数myself yourself 复数ourselves yourselves 第三人称的反身代词构成 :第三人称宾格 +self/selves 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 23 页 - - - - - - - - - - 8 单数：himself herself itself 复数：themselves (2)反身代词的常见搭配：enjoy oneself=have fun =have a good time 玩得高兴teach o

33、neself=learn by oneself 自学by oneself =alone 独自help oneself to 随便吃introduce oneself to 自我介绍(3)反身代词必须与主语保持人称的一致。You have to believe in _.That?s the secret of success.(we)I?m old enough to look after _ ( 我自己 ). Deng Ziqi won lots of fans for through the TV program I Am a Singer. A. she B. her C. hersel

34、f The book is mine.I wrote my name on its cover_. A.myself B.yourself C.himself 12. I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax. 我的大部分时间都待在家里读书和休息。基本用法adj. most 多数的；大部分的；作代词，表示“ 大多数，大部分” 。如：Most people think so. 大多数人都这样想。知识拓展 -相关短语most of 表示 “ 绝大多数 ” ，可用于如下结构中：most of the time“大部分时间 ” ，

35、其中 most 为代词，意为“ 大部分；大多数；大体上” 。Most of the time Alan studies hard. 艾伦大部分时间学习都很刻苦。most of + 物主代词+名词复数 /不可数名词most of + 宾格代词注： most of 结构做主语，谓语动词的数取决于of 后的名词或代词。如：Most of the students like reading the story. 大部分学生喜欢读这个故事。【解析 2】relax relaxed adj 感到轻松的，自在的 relaxing adj. 令人放松的be relaxed about 对 感到放松13. Eve

36、rything tasted really good! 所有的东西尝起来真的很好吃！【解析】taste good尝起来很好吃taste 在此为连系动词，意为“ 尝起来 ” ，其后接形容词构成系表结构。The food tastes really great. 食物尝起来棒极了。The milk tasted terrible. 牛奶尝起来很糟糕。同类型的词还有：与感官有关的look( 看起来 ),feel( 摸上去 ), ,smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来),sound(听起来 )等；表示变化的become(变成 ), get(变得 ) ，turn(变成 )等；表示某种情况或状态持续的

37、连系动词keep(保持 ),stay(保持 )等。 (划线部分均作表语) He looks very young.他看起来很年轻。The cake smells delicious. 这蛋糕闻起来挺好。The story sounds true. 这故事听起来真实。精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 23 页 - - - - - - - - - - 9 When spring comes, the days get longer and the weather gets warme

38、r. 春天来时，白天变长，天气变暖。Florence Nightingale became a famous nurse. 弗洛伦斯 南丁格尔成了一个著名的护士。Dr Bethune became very popular then. 那时白求恩大夫变得很受欢迎了。His face turned redder and redder. 他的脸变得越来越红了。Please stay happy. 请保持高兴。They keep busy. 他们保持忙碌。14. It was wonderful! 它非常壮观！【解析】wonder w?nd? v 想知道wonderfulw? nd?ful adj.

39、 精彩的( ) Dehong is a wonderful city in Yunnan province. A. clean B. beautiful C. noisy D. big 15.It was my first time there. 这是我第一次去那里。【解析】 It s ones first time to do sth . 某人第一次做某事It was her _(one) time in Yunnan in 2014. 16Did everyone have a good time? 大家都玩得很开心吗？【解析】 have a good time=have fun玩得开心，

40、过的愉快，其后接V-ing, 同义短语还有 enjoy oneself。We had a good time at the party. 我们在晚会上玩得很开心。= We had fun at the party. = We enjoyed ourselves at the party. 17.Did you go shopping? 你们去购物了吗？go shopping意为“ 去购物；去买东西 ” ，同义短语为 do some shopping. I usually go shopping on Sundays. 我通常星期天去购物。拓展： “go+doing”形式表示 “ 去做某事 ”

41、，常用于表达从事某一体育活动或休闲活动。go skating 去滑冰go hiking 去go sightseeing 去观光go fishing 去钓鱼go swimming 去游泳go boating 去划船18The only problem was that there was nothing much to do in the evening but read. 唯一的问题是晚上除了读书没什么事可做。【解析】nothing much to do 意为“ 没什么事可做 ” 。I have nothing special to do this afternoon. 今天下午我没什么特别的

42、事可做。拓展nothing but 意为“ 除之外什么也没有；只有 ” ，but 后可接名词或者动词原形。I had nothing but a cup of tea this morning. 我今天早上只喝了杯茶。19Still no one seemed to be bored. (即使这样 )仍然没有人看起来无聊。【解析】seem 可作不及物动词或连系动词，意为“ 好像；似乎；看来 ” 。Everything seems easy. 一切似乎很容易。拓展seem + 形容词 “ 看起来“You seem happy today. 你今天看起来很高兴。 (系表结构 ) 精品资料 - -

43、- 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 23 页 - - - - - - - - - - 10 seem + to do sth. “似乎，好像做某事 “ 。I seem to have a cold. 我似乎感冒了。It seems that/as if 似乎，看起来。如：It seems that he is sad. = He seems to be sad. 他似乎很难过CIt seems/seemed +that 从句 “ 看起来好像 ；似乎 “ 。其中 it 为形式主语， that从句为真正

44、的主语。It seems that no one believes you. 看起来好像没有人相信你。seem like “好像，似乎 ” 。It seems like a good idea. 它好像是个好主意。 (系表结构 ) bored 与 boring 的区别bored ：厌倦的；烦闷的；感到无聊的。一般在句中修饰人，作表语。boring ：无趣的；令人厌烦的；单调的。一般在句中修饰事或物，可作表语和定语。I?m bored with what he said. 我对他说的话厌烦极了。I find the story very boring. 我发现这个故事太无聊了。.Still no

45、 one seemed to be bored. 但是没有人觉得无聊了。【解析 2】bore boring adj. “令人厌烦的，厌倦的 ” ，其主语多是物一般在句中修饰事或物，可作表语和定语bored adj. “ 厌烦的，厌倦的 ” , 其主语多是人，一般在句中修饰人，作表语20. went to afriend s farm in the countryside with my family. 我和家人一起去了乡下一个朋友的农场。【解析】a friend?s farm是名词所有格形式。 一般情况下， 表示“ 有生命的人或物 ”的名词后面加 ?s ，表示所属关系。The red bike

46、 is Alice?s. 那辆红色的自行车是爱丽斯的。【拓展】 ：名词所有格的构成：1）单数名词词尾加 “?s”，复数名词词尾没有s,也要加 “?s”：the girl ,s pen女孩的钢笔women?s shoes 女鞋on Children?s Day2）复数名词以 s 结尾的只加 “?”：the students? reading room 学生阅览室Teachers?s Day 教师节3）如果两个名词并列， 并且分别有 ?s ，则表示 “ 分别有 ” ；只后一个名词有一个 ?s ，则表示 “ 共有” ：John?s and Kate?s rooms 约翰和凯特（各自）的房间Lily

47、and Lucy?s father莉莉和露西的爸爸4）表示无生命的名词一般与of 构成短语，表示所有关系a map of China一幅中国地图the name of the story那个故事的名字21. Did everyone have a good time ?所有人都玩得开心吗？【解析】have a good time / wonderful/great time fun = enjoy oneself 玩的开心 ,过得愉快22. What did Lisa say about ?莉萨对 说过什么？【解析】say about意为 “ 发表对 的看法 ” 。I didn?t say a

48、nything about it. 我对此事什么也没说。23. What activity do you find enjoyable? 你发现什么活动很有趣？【解析 1】 activity ?ktiviti n. 活动； (pl) 复数： activities 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 23 页 - - - - - - - - - - 11 Students like outdoor activities._ ( ) Are you free? Let?s do so

49、me_ with Tom.A. activity B. actors C. actresses D. Activities 【解析 2】enjoyable adj，意为 “ 愉快的；快乐的 ” 。I?m sure we will have an enjoyable vacati on. 我确信我们将会有一个愉快的假期。24. I really enjoyed walking around the twon. 我确实喜欢在城镇附近散步。【解析】 joy n 喜欢 enjoy v 喜欢 enjoyable adj. 令人愉快的enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事She enjoys _(li

50、sten) to the music. enjoy oneself = have fun = have a good time 玩得高兴，过得愉快( ) I am glad to be invited to Susan?s birthday party on Friday evening , Mum. _ yourself, dear! But remember to be back before 10 o?clock.A. Help B. Believe C. Make D. Enjoy Children always have a good time at the Wetland Park