2022年新目标英语八级上册单元知识点.pdf

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1、1 新目标八年级（上）重点词组、句型Unit 1: How often do you exercise?【重点词汇】 always, usually , often, sometimes , hardly , ever, never. how often, once , twice , three times a week , every day. milk, junk food, health, unhealthy, habit, exercise, most, result, try, different maybe, although, arm, foot, tooth, ear, ey

2、e, advice, thirsty ,forget, finish, plan . 【应掌握的词组】1. go to the movies 去看电影2. look after = take care of 照顾3. surf the internet 上网4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式5. go skate boarding 去划板6. keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康7. exercise=take(much)exercise=do sports锻炼8. eating habits 饮食习惯9. take more exercise 做

3、更多的运动10. the same as 与什么相同11. be different from 不同12. once a month一月一次13. twice a week一周两次14. make a difference to 对什么有影响15. how often 多久一次16. although = though虽然17. most of the students=most students 18. shop=go shopping=do some shopping 购物19. as for至于20. activity survey活动调查21. do homework做家庭作业22.

4、do house work做家务事23. eat less meat吃更少的肉24. junk food垃圾食物25. be good for 对什么有益26. be bad for对什么有害27. want to do sth 想做某事28. want sb to do sth想某人做某事29. try to do sth 尽量做某事30. come home from school放学回家31. of course = certainly = sure当然32. get good grades取得好成绩33. some advice 34. hardly=not nearly / almo

5、st not几乎不35. keep/be in good health保持健康36.be stressed紧张的，有压力的37. take a vacation 去度假48.get back 回来【应掌握的句子】1. How often do you exercise ? How often + 助动词do(does 或 did) + 主语 + do sth. ? 疑问词 how often是问频率 ( 多经常 ), 在这里助动词do(does 或 did) 是起帮助构成疑问的作用 Every day / Once a week / Twice a month / Three times a

6、month / Three or four times a month . 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 31 页 - - - - - - - - - - 2 2. What do you usually do on weekends ? 第一个do 为助动词 , 在这起帮助构成疑问的作用；而第二个do 则是实义动词。 I usually play soccer . 3. What s your favorite program ?It s Animal World .4.

7、What do students do at Green High School ? 第一个do 为助动词 , 在这起帮助构成疑问的作用；而第二个 do 则是实义动词。5. As for homework , most students do homework every day . as for.意思是“至于；关于”，常用于句首作状语，其后跟名词、代词或动词的-ing形式（即动名词）。如：As for him，I never want to see him here. 至于他，我永远不希望在这里见到。As for the story，youd better not believe it. 关

8、于那故事，你最好不要相信。6. The results for“ watch TV ” are interesting . 7. Mom wants me to get up at 6:00 and play ping-pong with her . want to do sth.意思是“想要做某事”； want sb. to do sth.意思是“想要某人做某事”。如：Do you want to go to the movies with me？你想和我一起去看电影吗？The teacher doesnt want us to eat hamburgers.老师不想让我们吃汉堡包。8. S

9、he says its good for my health .be good for.表示“对有益（有好处）”。其反义为： be bad for.。（这里 for 是介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词）如：Its good for us to do more reading. 多读书对我们有好处。Reading in bed is bad for your eyes.在床上读书对你的眼睛有害。9. How many hours do you sleep every night ? 10. I exercise every day , usually when I come home from sc

10、hool . 11. My eating habits are pretty good . 这里 pretty相当于 very 。12. I try to eat a lot of vegetables , usually ten to eleven times a week. try to do sth.表示“ 尽力做某事” ，不包含是否成功的意思 / try doing sth. 表示“ （用某一办法）试着去做某事”。如:Youd better try doing the experiment in another way. 你最好试试用另一种方法做这个试验。13. My healthy

11、lifestyle helps me get good grades. help sb.(to) do sth.帮助某人做某事14. Good food and exercise help me to study better . help sb. (to) do sth.帮助某人做某事 / 这里 better是 well的比较级，而不是good 的比较级15. Is her lifestyle the same asyours or different ? Is her lifestyle the same asyour lifestyle or is her lifestyle diffe

12、rent fromyour l ifestyle ? be the same as / be different from 16. I think Im kind of unhealthy . kind of = a little / a kind of 意思是“一种”17. What sports do you play ? 18. A lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health . keep in good health = keep healthy = stay healthy 19. You must try to eat les

13、s meat . try to do sth.表示“ 尽力做某事” , 不包含是否成功的意思 / less是 little的比较级20. That sounds interesting. 这是“主语 +系动词 +表语”结构的简单句。sound（听起来），look （看起来）， smell （闻起来）， taste （尝起来），feel （觉得）， seem（好象）， grow（变得） , get （变得）等词在英语中可用作系动词，后跟形容词作表语。如：It tastes good. 这味道好。The music sounds very sweet. 这音乐听起来很入耳。The smoke gr

14、ew heavier and heavier. 烟雾变得越来越浓了。【词语辨析】一、 maybe / may be 1. The baby is crying she is hungry. 2. The woman a teacher . maybe 是副词，意为“大概，可能，或许”，一般用于句首。May be 是情态动词，意为“可能是. ，也许是 . ，大概是 . ”.二、 a few / few / a little / little 1. people can live to 100,but people can live to 150. 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - -

15、- - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 31 页 - - - - - - - - - - 3 2. There is time left, I dont catch the first bus.3. Could you give me milk? a few (少数的，几个，一些) a little (一点儿，少量 ) 表示肯定few ( 很少的，几乎没有的) little ( 很少的，几乎没有的) 表示否定修饰可数名词修饰不可数名词三、 none / no one 1、of the pens are mine . 2、is in

16、the classroom. none 指人或物，强调数量，用how many 提问，常与of连用。 no one 多指人，强调“无人”这种状态，用who提问，不可与of 连用，作主语时，其谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。四、 hard / hardly 1. The ground is too to dig 2. I can understand them. 3. Its raining,the people can go outside. hard作形容词，意为“困难的，艰苦的，硬的”；作副词，意为“努力地，猛烈地”。Hardly意为“几乎不”。【语法】1.表频率的词汇和短语：always u

17、sually often never hardly ever sometimes seldom once a day twice a month three times a week every two weeks once in a while 2. 做事情的频率（how often you do things）: What do you usually do in the morning? I usually read English books. Sometimes I walk in the garden. I hardly ever exercise. I eat vegetable

18、s twice a week, but I never eat junk food. 3. 如何提问频率“多久一次” How often does he play tennis? He plays tennis every day. How often do you drink milk? I drink milk once a day. How often do they go to the movies? Sometimes. 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 31 页 -

19、- - - - - - - - - 4 Unit 2 What s the matter?【重点词汇】 head, nose, eye, ear, tooth, neck, stomach, back, leg, arm, foot, throat thirsty, stressed out,/ dentist, lie, rest, honey, water, illness, advice. cold, fever, headache, toothache, stomachache, sore throat 【应掌握的词组】Have a cold 感冒sore back 背痛neck an

20、d neck 并驾齐驱，齐头并进I have a stomachache 我胃痛= I have got a stomachache = There is something wrong with my stomach = My stomach hurts = I have (got) a pain in my stomach What s the matter? 怎么了？= Whats the trouble (with you)?= Whats your trouble?= Whats wrong (with you)? = What the matter (with you)? =Wha

21、t has happened to you? = Is there anything wrong (with you)? = whats up?sore throat 咽喉痛lie down and rest 躺下休息see a dentist 看牙医drink lots of water 多喝水hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶Thats a good idea 好主意Thats too bad 太糟糕了I think so 我认为如此I m not feeling well. 我觉得不太舒服= I m not feeling fine/all right. = I m fe

22、eling ill/sick. =I feel terrible/bad. = I don t feel well.get some rest 多休息I have no idea = I dont know 我不知道stressed out 筋疲力尽I am tired 我累了 He is tired. 他累了a healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式traditional Chinese doctors传统中医a balance of yin and yang阴阳调和you have too much yin.你阴气太盛to eat a balance diet饮食平衡health

23、y food 健康食品stay healthy 保持健康 =keep healthy=keep in good health = keep fit enjoy oneself (myself, yourself, herself, himself, themselves, ourselves, itself反身代词 ) 玩得高兴，过得愉快=have a good time = have a wonderful time = have fun enjoy sth. =like sth. (名词 ) 喜欢某物 , enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 =like dong sth pract

24、ice doing sth.练习做某事，mind doing sth. 介意做某事，精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 31 页 - - - - - - - - - - 5 finish doing sth.完成某事，give up doing sth.放弃做某事，cant help doing sth.忍不住做某事，keep ding sth. 坚持做某事 . （keep on doing sth. / keep sb. doing sth. ）be busy doing sth

25、. 忙着做某事be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事make a contribution to doing sth.为. 做贡献go on doing sth. 继续做某事forget doing sth.忘记做某事remember doing sth. 记得做某事spend.(in) doing sth. 花（时间）来做某事prefer doing sth.to doing sth.比起（做 .）来更愿意（做.）at the moment = now 此刻Host family 东道家庭Conversation practice会话练习I m sorry to hear t

26、hat.听到此事我很难过【应掌握的句子】1. What s the matter ? What s the mater with you ? with为介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词。人称代词必须用它的宾格。 I have a cold / have a sore back / have a stomachache 2. You should lie down and rest / drink hot tea with honey / see a dentist / see a doctor . 3. I m not felling well . 这里well表示身体状况，不能用good 代替4

27、. When did it start ? About two days ago . 5. That s too bad .6. I hope you fell better soon . 这里 better是 well的比较级7. Traditional Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of yin and yangto be healthy . 这里 to be healthy是动词不定式短语，作目的状语8. Maybe you have too much yin . too much后跟不可数名词，而too many 后跟可数名词复数9

28、. It s easy to have a healthy lifestyle ,and it s important to eat a balanced diet . It s easy to do sth . 做某事容易 / It s important to do sth . 做某事重要10. Everyone gets tired sometimes . 这里 get 连系动词， tired是形容词作表语，属系表结构11. A sore throat can give you a fever . give sb. sth . = give sth. to sb. 把某物给某人12. D

29、on t get stressed out. Its not healthy . 在这里 get 是连系动词， stressed out是表语13. I have a tooth ache . I need to see a dentist . need意思为“需要” ，作实义动词时，后跟动词不定式，否定式为dont /doesn t / didnt need (to do sth.) ；作情态动词时，只能用于否定句或疑问句中，否定式为neednt(do sth.) ，除有过去式外，没有其它的形态变化14. Eat a balanced diet to stay healthy . to st

30、ay healthy是动词不定式短语，作目的状语15. I m not feeling very well at the moment . at the moment = now 【语法】1.询问别人身体状况：What s wrong with you? What s the matter with you? What s the trouble?2. 提出建议 （give advice and make suggestions）What s wrong with you? I have a headache. You should go to bed and have a rest. You

31、 shouldnt work late. I have a fever. You should drink a lot of water. You shouldnt be stressed out.精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 31 页 - - - - - - - - - - 6 Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation?【重点词汇】 babysitting, going sightseeing, going fishing how lon

32、g / plan, decide / at home, get back 【应掌握的词组】1. babysit ones sister 照顾妹妹2. visit ones grandmother 看望奶奶3. spend time with friends 和朋友们一起度过时光4. visit cousins 看望表弟等5. go to sports camp 去运动野营6. go to the beach 去海滩7. go camping 去野营8. go shopping 去买东西9. go swimming 去游泳10. go boating去划船11. go skating 去溜冰12

33、. go walking去散步13. go climbing 去登山14. go dancing去跳舞15. go hiking去徒步远足16. go sightseeing 去观光17. go house-hunting 去找房子18. go on a hike 徒步旅行， go bike riding 骑自行车旅行 go fishing 去钓鱼19. do some shopping 买东西20. do some washing 洗衣服21. do some cooking 作饭22. do some reading 读书23. do some speaking训练口语24. do som

34、e sewing 做缝纫活25. that sounds nice 那好极了26. at home 在家27. how about=what about 怎么样？28. how long 多长时间29. how far 多远30. how often 多长时间一次31. how much, how many 多少32. have a good time =have fun= have a wonderful time= enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快33. show sb. Sth.=show sth. to sb.出示某物给某人看give me the book=give t

35、he book to me 给我书，pass me the cup=pass the cup to me 把杯子递给我，sell me the house=sell the house to me 把房子卖给我buy me a book =buy a book for me 给我买书，make me a cake = make a cake for me给我做蛋糕34. get back=come back回来35. rent videos租借影碟36. take walks=go for a walk散步37. think about 考虑38. decide on= decide upon

36、决定一个计划39. something different 不同的事情40a great vacation 一个愉快的假期41. I cant wait 我等不及了精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 31 页 - - - - - - - - - - 7 42. the famous movie star 著名的影星43. an exciting vacation 激动人心的假期44. Ask her about her plans 向她询问她的计划ask sb. about sth

37、.向某人询问某事45. forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事【应该掌握的句子】1. What are you doing for vacation ? I m babysitting my sister . Where are you going for vacation ? Italy . 这是现在进行时的一种比较特殊的用法，用来表示按计划或安排要做的事情，现在还没有去做。2. Who are you going with ? I m going with my parents . with my parents是介词短语，在这里作

38、伴随状语，起修饰谓语动词are going的作用3. When are you going ? Im going on Monday . 4. What are you doing there ? I m going hiking in the mountains . 5. How long are you staying ? Just forfour days . I dont like going away for too long .疑问词 hwo long 是对时间长短或事物的长度提问，在这里是对时间的长短进行提问。6. Have a good time . = Enjoy onese

39、lf . 玩得开心、愉快7. Show me your photos when we get back to school . show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 把某给某人看8. I m going to Hawaii for vacation . for vacation是介词短语，在这里作目的状语，起修饰谓语动词的作用9. What s it like there ?这里 like是介词，而不是动词10. Can I ask you some questions about your vacation plans ? ask sb. sth . 问某人某事1

40、1. Ben Lambert , the famous French singer , is taking a long vacation this summer ! take a vacation 度假12. He thought about going to Greece or Spain , but decided on Canada . think about 考虑/ decide on 决定这里的 about 和 on 都是介词13. “ I always take vacati on inEurope , ” he said . “ This time I want to do s

41、omething different . ” (1). want to do sth. (2). 修饰不定代词 (something , nothing , anything等 ) 的定语常放在不定代词的后面14. He plans to have a very relaxing vacation . plan to do sth. 计划做某事15. I m planning to spend time in the beautiful countryside . 16. I just finished making my last movies . finish doing sth. 完成做

42、某事17. I hear that Thailand is a good place to go sightseeing . to go sightseeing是动词不定式短语，作 a good place的后置定语18. She s leaving for Hong Kong on Tuesday . leave A for B 离开 A地去 B地19. I want to ask you about places to visit China . to visit China是动词不定式短语，作places的后置定语20. I m planning my vacation to Italy

43、 this weekend . to Italy是动词不定式短语，作my vacation的后置定语21. What should tourists take with them ? with them是介词短语，在这里作伴随状语，起修饰谓语动词 take 的作用22. Where are you leaving from ? leave from 离开某地（注：from 是介词）1What are you doing for vacation? I m babysitting my sister. 假期你要做什么？我要照顾我的妹妹。2Who are you going with? I m g

44、oing with my parents. 你要和谁一起去？我要和父母一起去。3When is he going camping? He is going on the 12th of February, 2005. 4I m going to Tibet for a week. 我要去西藏一周。5What are you doing there? I m going hiking in the mountains. 你在那里要做什么？我要在山区里远足。精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 7

45、页，共 31 页 - - - - - - - - - - 8 6Show me your photos when we get back to school. 我们返回学校时，你把照片拿给我看。7Where are you going for vacation? I m going to Hawaii for vacation. 你要去哪度假？我要去夏威夷度假。8. Im going to Hawaii for vacation in December, and Im staying for three weeks. 我要在 12 月去夏威夷度假，在那里呆 3 个星期。9What is it

46、like there? 那里什么样子？10. Can I ask you some questions about your vacation plans? 我可以问你一些有关你假期计划的问题吗？11. He thought about going to Greece or Spain, but decided on Canada. 他考虑去希腊或西班牙，但是最后他决定去加拿大。12. He is leaving the first week in June and staying until September. 他将在 6 月的第一个星期动身，一直呆到9 月。13. Please dont

47、 forget to close the door when you leave. 你离开时，请别忘记关门。14She couldnt wait to get home to see he parents. 她迫不及待的想回家看望父母。【语法】一般将来时：1. 现在进行时“ be+动词ing ”可以用来表示一个在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作。 What are you doing for vacation? I m visiting Tibet. Where are you going on May Day? I m going to the beach. How many students

48、are coming to out party tomorrow? Fifty. 2. “be going to +动词原形”表示主观打算去做某事，表示“人”打算，计划，决定要去做的事。They are going to travel in China. Look at the clouds! It is going to rain. Are you going to be a teacher when you grow up? Yes, I am. 3. 用“shall 动词原形”或“ will 动词原形”表示一般将来时。（ shall只用于第一人称）We shall go to the b

49、each this Sunday. My brother will finish middle school in a year. These birds won t fly to the south in winter. When will they begin the work? 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 31 页 - - - - - - - - - - 9 Unit4 【重点词汇】 get to, how far./ bicycle, subway, car, tr

50、ain. bus stop, train station, bus station, subway station minute, kilometer, mile, transportation , calendar 【应掌握的词组】1. get to school 到校2. get home 到家3. how about=what about . 怎么样？4. take the subway 乘地铁5. ride a bike 骑自行车6. take the bus乘公共汽车7. take the train乘火车8. take a taxi乘坐出租车9. go in a parents c