MBA管理类英语联考英语语法词汇总结(共12页).doc
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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上名词1. 名词的数:修饰可数名字用many,much修饰不可数名词。2. 复合名词复数结构:the old lady hired three men-servants, after tomorrow,we will be growns-ups.3. 名词数的理解:he is running a furniture business.4. 名词的双重所有格:一般由数量词+名词of+名词性物主代词。I know that many friends of jerrys.5.名词所有格的特殊意义:a car came to a stop outside the jeweler
2、s(可表示具体的“店家”)。6.名词在复合形容词中的用法+名词搭配He climbed this 3600-foot-high mountain on foot名词在复合形容词中且有连词符连接时,要保持原形的形式。代词1. 不定代词在否定句中的用法:scarely在句中起到否定作用,否定句中一般使用anything,anybody和anywhere这类不定代词。2. 不定代词的常用搭配:he is something of a musician.某种程度上。3. 不定代词的对应搭配:it is one thing to enjoy listening to good music,but it
3、is quite another to perform skillfully yourself.one another.搭配表示对比,与but形成对应,other,some,常修饰复数名词,不能与one形成予以搭配,any 常用于否定句中。4. some others=some other shoes.5. 代词辨析:william the conqueror built the tower of london to protect himself from those he had conquered.空格后是省略了关系代词that 或who、whom的定于从句,意思是他所征服的那些人,排除
4、it(指代物),them做代词,有明确的指向,无需加定语从句再加以限定或明确,也排除。6. 双重所有格中的名词性物主代词:sam admired his friends frank and jerry.He imitated every action of theirs.双重所有格结构一般由数量词+名词+of+名词性物主代词。7. 相互代词辨析:之间的相互:each other,三者之间相互: one another8. 代词的格式与人称的次序:my father asked tom and me to help9. our home is finer than yours or his:th
5、an 之后需用名词性物主代词。10. 代词辨析:when drinking from a well,one mustnt forget those who dug it.空格后是关系代词who引导的定于从句,it 指代物体,them做代词有明确指向,无需定语从句。排除。Those who。表示那些。人主谓一致1. not only I but also jane and mary are tires of having one examination after another.由or,nor,eitheror,neither.nor,not onlybut also,not.but等连接的并
6、列主语,喂鱼动词通畅与最靠近的主语保持一致(遵循就近原则)。2. 主谓一致。A library(with five thousand books) was offered to the nation as a gift.3. when and where to build the new factory is not decided yet.“疑问词+to do sth”是“复合不定式短语”,其做主语时,即使用多个疑问词,仍将其视为一个整体。所以谓语动词用单数形式。4. the number(of people invited)was fifty,but(a number of)them we
7、re absent for different reasons.the number后面谓语动词用单数,but后面分句中的啊numberof。则是固定短语,意思是some,一些,可接可数名词复数或代词,所以谓语动词用复数。5. a good deal of +不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词要用单数。6. 由eitheror引导的名词短语做主语时,后面的谓语根据就近原则,应与它相近的名词保持一致。7. as well as连接的前后名词(短语)通畅将“前者”视为主语,谓语动词与前者保持一致。8. 一般“山脉”,“群岛”和“瀑布”可视为“复数形式”,谓语与其保持一致,也用复数形式。9. many a
8、+名词单数,故谓语动词也用单数。10. the audience was so large that no seat was left unoccupied in the great hall.that从句中的谓语动词是was left,故主句保持一致,同用过去时。Audience是几何名词,既可以视为整体,也可表示成员构成,谓语动词可以相应的为单数或者复数。同样的有:family,team,class,crowd,government,crew,committee,public.11. everybody ,men and women,old and young,enjoys sports
9、and games.主语时everybody,后面men and women,old and young是作为同位语存在,谓语需要和everybody一致。又是一般性的状况,所以谓语动词用一般现在时。12. ten minutes seems an hour when one is waiting for a phone call.一段时间做主语视为一个整体时间段,表示一般性情况,用一般现在时。13. the secretary and principal is speaking at the meeting now.前共用一个定冠词the,指代“同一个人兼有两种身份”,谓语动词用单数。14.
10、 it is not jane but her brothers who are to blame.本句中用到it is。who。构成的强调句型,撤掉此结构可以发现本句的实质是主系表结构,谓语动词遵循就近原则,通畅与后者保持一致。15. the number of+名词中,主语时number,谓语动词与其保持形式一致,也用单数。16. the rich are not always happy,although the poor pay for all.the+形容词,表示相应的“一类人”,其谓语动词用复数形式。17. it is reported that there are going t
11、o be heavy storms in the coming month.题中that 引导的从句是there be 句型,该句型在本质上属于“倒装”结构,其主语是heavy storms,故谓语动词需用复数形式。18. more than one student has been reported missing.“more than one +名词”作主语时,核心词是one 后面的名词单数,故谓语动词也通常用单数。19. more students than one (主语)have been reported missing.不止一个学生被报告失踪。中心词是students,所以谓语动
12、词用复数。4动词时态1. always表示“一般性状况”,谓语动词要用“一般现在时”2. while I was reading a book,I fell asleep.while 表示“在。发生期间”,谓语动词常用“进行时”形式。3. I began to watch tv at eight last night.mary came at eight thirty.i was watching tv when mary came.,when 引导的时间状语从句,其中came表示过去时间点,watch引导该过去时间点正在进行的动作。4. joan has already finished h
13、er homework.now she is playing the piano.第一句中出现already,表示“截止到目前”已经完成的动作,故finish用现在完成时has finished。5. the teacher told us that the moon looks bright,but it has no light of its own.it just reflects the light of the sun.尽管“告诉told”是过去时,发生在过去,其并于从句理应用“过去”,但考虑到后面都是在讲述有关月亮的“客观真理”,所以用一般时。6. so far 到目前为止。用现在
14、完成时。7. perhaps it will be a long time before we see you again.本句是主从复合句,根据时间状语从句中谓语动词see(一般时,指“将来”)可知本句时间点是“将来”,谓语动词用将来时。It。will be+时间段+before句型可以为“要过。(时间)才。”8. since january1st,there have been a lot of new tasks in the factory.根据时间状语引导词since,本句需要用完成时,而there be 倒装句型中的主语是后面的new tasks,因此主谓一致原则,动词需用复数形式
15、。9. nobody likes him because he is always criticizing others.always与现在进行时连用时,表示强烈的主观或感情色彩,尤其是不满或厌烦的情绪,可以为“老是,一直”。表示经常性的,用一般现在时。10. it has been 4 years since I left my country.“it is+一段时间+since从句”是一个高频句型,表示“自从。以来已有。时间”since从句中的谓语动词(瞬间性动词)因表示“过去时间点”,故需用“过去时”,而前面的谓语动词be则比较灵活,既可以用“现在完成时”也可以简化为“一般现在时”11.
16、 just go ahead,I will cover you .尽管往前走,我会保护你。前句是祈使句,相关动作显然属于未发生的将来,后面用将来时。12. as soon as 引导的时间状语从句应是将来的时间概念(动词时态与时间状语一致)I will set out for singapore as soon as the ticket is ready.但考虑到时间状语从句中一般用“一般时”表示将来I dedided to go to the library as soon I finished my work(“一般过去时”表示“过去将来”)13. do you like the mat
17、erial?yes,it feels very soft.句子中的feel是系动词,意思是摸起来,或者感觉起来,后面常接着形容词做表语,构成系表结构,用于说明主语状况、性质或特征。系动词不能用于被动形式,也不用于进行时。所以用一般现在时。14. for +时间段用完成时15. 自然现象,客观事实,用一般现在时,太阳升降,并非为人为,所以不能用被动语态。16. hardly had we started when it began to snow.我们已出发,天就开始下雪了。否定词hardly置于句首做状语,修饰谓语动词时,常使用“倒装结构”hardly had s+ved when s+ved
18、是常见句型,表示“一。就。” 17. No sooner had he arrived than it began to rain.他一到,天就开始下雨了。No sooner hadS+Ved thanS”+Ved 与hardly had S+Ved when S+Ved 都是常见的句型,“一就.18. in the 19th century,it was the most handsome car that had ever been built.在19世纪,它是以往制造出的最漂亮的车。最高级一般由对应的比对范围,句尾that引导的定语从句五一体现出来,然后是过去完成时。19. 时间状语一般
19、时表示将来,The girl even wont have her lunch before she finishes her homework.wont have表示将来,所对应的before时间状语从句也应是“将来”的概念,但时间状语从句中应用“一般时”表示“将来”20. I thought he was on a diet.我认为他在节食。谓语动词是thought,其后面是省略了that的宾语从句,由于主句谓语动词是过去时,并于从句中的谓语动词也要用过去某种时态。21. tom died last summer.tom always liked reading poems to his
20、family.汤姆去年夏天去世了,他省钱总喜欢给他的家人诵读诗歌。生前习惯,用过去时。然后always不能跟进行时连用,跟进行时连用,表示不满,强烈的主观色彩。22. by the time you read this article tomorrow evening,we shall have left for london.谓语动词所用时态取决于相关的时间状语,根据句首by the time。和tomorrow evening可知谓语动作的发出时间是“明晚读到文章前”,即蕴含一个“将来的时间截止点”,故谓语动词需用“将来完成时”5. 被动语态1. the fire could not be
21、 put out until the next morning.被动关系,火被扑灭。2. those students are often seen playing football in the field.see常用两个搭配,see sb do sth。看见某人做了某事,see sb doing sth看到某人在做某事。其相应的被动形式为sb be seen to do sth和sb be seen doing sth.3. this kind of glasses manufactured by experienced craftsmen sells well.注意:英语中某些动词在于特
22、定副词连用时,可以“主动”形式表示“被动”含义,常用的这类动词有wash,write,sell,clean,后常接副词easily,well,quickly,和smoothly等。4. the cloth feels much softer.这种布摸起来很柔软。系动词不存在被动形式,经常用主动形式体现其被动语义,如look,sound,smell,taste,prove,feel.5. in order to attend a dinner party,she was well dressed.dress可做及物动词,表示“给。穿衣服”或“打扮。”经常用被动语态的形式be dressed表示一
23、种“衣着”或“装扮”状态。6. the professor didnt begin his lecture until all the audience were seated.seat是及物动词,意思是“使(某人)就座”主语是人,seat顺理成章就是被动,sb. Be seated注意:类似seat这样的动词还有interest、face、oppose、这些词共同特点就是常用被动形式表示主动含义,be interested in 对。感兴趣,be faced with 面对,be opposed to 反对。7. after such a long journey,my shoes want
24、 mending.want 和need类似,共同用法:后接ving表示被动语义,相当于need/want to be done.6. 虚拟语气1. but for the fog,we should have reached our destination若不是因为大雾,我们应该早就抵达我们的目的地了。后半句的should have done结构可看出这是一个虚拟语气,but for意为:“要不是”“倘若不是因为”的意思,常用于虚拟语气。Because of 引导的原因状语所对应的句子主干不用虚拟语气。In spite of引导的让步状语所育英的句子主干不用虚拟语气。In case of引导的
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