牛津译林版八年级下册被动语态学案(共12页).docx

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上被动语态辅导讲义 被动语态知识导入 Every year lots of trees _to make our country more beautiful. A. plant B. is planted C. were planted D. are plantedHe often tells us funny jokes. We are always made _. A. to laugh B. laugh C. laughing D. to laughing - I _ Tom for three days. Is he ill? - Im afraid so.

2、The doctor said he needed _.A. havent seen; to be operated B. havent seen; to be operated on C. didnt see; operating D. havent see; operatingWhy didnt you go to the party last night? I _. A. wasnt invited B. didnt invite C. dont invite D. isnt invitedA Disneyland Park _in Shanghai Pudong New Area in

3、 the near future. A. builds B. has built C. will build D. will be builtTheofficephonesaredirtyandthey_nextweek A.willcleanB.willbecleanedC.arecleaningD.arecleanedDriving after drinking wine _ in China. A. allow B. doesnt allow C. is allowed D. isnt allowed Have all the students known that our class

4、will visit the factory this afternoon? Yes. Every student_ about it. A. tells B. told C. has told D. was toldYou may go fishing if your work _. A. is doneB. will be doneC. doneD. doesThe old people and the children must _ in our country. A. take good careB. be taken good care C. take good care ofD.

5、be taken good care of-Susan, why are you still here? They are all ready to start.-Im sorry, but I _ when to start. A. wasnt toldB. dont tellC. didnt tellD. havent toldExcuse me, Mum. When can we have dinner?Not until it in half an hour. A. is prepared B. has been preparedC. will be prepared D. was p

6、reparedAmy, why are you still here? They are ready to start. Im sorry, but I when to meet. A. wasnt told B. am not told C. didnt tell D. havent told “Frog”, Mo Yans latest novel（小说）, please! Sorry, it _ just now. But it will come out again soon. A. sold outB. is sold outC. has sold outD. was sold ou

7、tThe man was seen the park. But now we couldnt find him there. A. enter B. to enter C. going D. went into知识梳理与精讲一、被动语态的基本结构和用法1. 英语动词的被动语态：be + done, 否定式为：be + not + done, 疑问式讲be提前， 助动词be必须与主语的人称和数保持一致，同时也体现该句的时态； 想一下在be + done 中，动词要满足什么要求？所有的动词都可以用于被动语态吗？在be + done ,动词必须是及物动词。不及物动词没有被动语态，但是可以跟介词构成短

8、语再跟上宾语，这一就可以有被动语态2.被动语态的用法 (1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。 例如：some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的) This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。（没有必要或说出出版者） (2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。 例如：The window was broken by mike.窗户是迈克打破的。 Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠

9、必须得到保证。 歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要； 动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。 (3) 为了更好地安排句子。例The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. （一个主语就够了）主动语态变为被动语态的方法：1.将主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态中的主语。2.把谓语动词变成被动语态，时态要和主动语态的时态一致。3.主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语，人称代词主格要变为宾格。3. 不同时态中被动语态的结构 被动语态由be过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，我们学习过

10、的各种时态的被动语态形式为：（1）am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时Visitors are asked not to touch the robots. 游客被禁止触摸机器人。（2）has /have been done 现在完成时 All the preparations for the task have been completed, and were ready to start.所有关于任务的准备都结束了，我 们准备好开始了。 （3）was/were done 一般过去时 I was given ten minutes to decide whether I

11、should refuse to do it.我被给予十分钟时间考虑是否应该拒绝做这件事。 （4）shall/will be done/ be going to be done一般将来时 Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. 如果工厂倒闭，将有数百个讲丢失。（5）am/is /are being done 现在进行时 A new cinema is being built here有一个电影院正在这里被建。 （6）was/were being done 过去进行时 A meeting was being held when I

12、 was there. 我在那儿的时候，正在举办一场会议。时 态 动词的被动形式例句一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时例题精讲 History_(make) by the people. (一般现在时) The cars_(make) in Tianjin in 1995. (一般过去时) The tree_(cut down) next year.(一般将来时) The door _(open).（现在进行时）4. 被动语态的特殊结构（1）带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词be过去分词。The baby should be taken good care of

13、 by the nurse.（2）有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留 在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.（3）当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caugh

14、t smoking a cigarette.（4）在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, 等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为：A stranger the building. The boss made the poor boy work ten hours a day. 改为：The boy ten hours a day by the boss.（5）有些相当于及物动

15、词的动词词组，如“动词介词”，用于被动结构时，要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词不能省略。Tom was by others boys in his class. 汤姆被班上其他男孩们嘲笑。 The disabled people should be paid much attention to. 残疾人应该更加被关注。二、被动语态在使用时的一些注意点：1. 没有被动语态的动词或动词短语： （1）read，clean，drive，cook，open，sell，read，write，wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式，表达被动意义,主语通常是物,并且常和w

16、ell.easily连用。 This kind of cloth washes well.The book written by LuXun sells well.The pen writes smoothly. （2）表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out等以主动形式表示被动意义 How do the newspapers come out? 这些报纸是如何出来的呢？ The meeting la

17、sted for three hours. 这个会议持续了三个小时。 Many changes have taken place in the town. It turned out to be a great success. The war broken out in 1991.2.主动形式表被动的意义的情况1.There be 句型中的不定式用主动表被动意义。 eg. There is much work to finish。有许多工作要完成2.表感觉或变化的系动词如feel，look，smell，sound，taste, turn, get等用主动表被动意义。eg. The cake

18、smells nice. 这个蛋糕闻起来很香。 The music sounds great.这首音乐听起来不错。3.tooto结构中的不定式用主动表被动意义。 eg. The box is too heavy to carry.这个箱子太重而不能搬动。4.be worth doing 值得 ；need doing=need to be done需要 现在分词用主动表被动意义。 eg. The movie is worth watching.这部电影值得看看。5.形容词difficult,easy,important,interesting,nice,dangerous等接不定式做状语，不定式

19、用主动表被动意义。eg. The problem is easy to work out.这个问题很容易解答出来。6.动词sell，write，ride后接well或badly时，主动形式表示被动意义。eg. The CDs sell well.这些CD卖得很好。3. It is said that+从句及其他类似句型一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“Itbe过去 分词that从句”或“主语be过去分词to do sth.”。有：It is said that 据说,It

20、 is reported that据报道，It is believed that大家相信，It is hoped that大家希望，It is well known that众所周知，It is thought that大家认为，It is suggested that据建议。例It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. It is reported that we have won the war.例题精讲2016精选一模1-Whydoestheearthlookblueinspace？-Becausemostoftheeart

21、hssurface_bywater（）AcoversBiscoveredCcoverDarecovered2When you go abroad，youll find that so many products in local shopsin China （）AmakeBhave madeCare made3-AsChinagrowsstrongerandstronger,Chinese_inmoreandmoreschoolsoutofourcountry-ThatstrueAsaChinese，Ifeelveryproud（）AteachesBhastaughtCistaught Dwa

22、staught4.If a driver to park in the wrong place，hell get a fine（）AfindsBis foundChas found5.A year has four seasons and it_twelve months（）Adivided intoBis dividing intoCwas divided intoDis divided into6.In Switzerland，things like glass and plasticinto different groups and then recycled（）AseparateBse

23、paratedCare separatedDis separated7.Chinese_by more and more people around the world（）Ais spokenBspokeCare spoken Dspeaks8.Every year many trees along the streets to make our city more beautifulAplantBhave plantedCare plantedDwere planted9.These rules are made_the disabled（）AprotectBprotected Ctopro

24、tectDprotecting10.WiththedevelopmentofChina,Chinese_byalargenumberofpeopleintheworld（）AspeaksBisspokenCspeakDisspeaking11.ChineseNewYear_theSpringFestivalPeopleofteneatdumplings（）AiscalledBwascalled CcallsDcalled12.-WhathappenedtoBilly？-He_becauseofhisdrunk-driving（）AiscaughtBwascaughtChascaught13.N

25、owsmartphones_inmanywaysinourdailylife（）AareusedBisusedCareusing14.The city is a greener city now because many trees_every year（）Awere plantedBare plantedCwill be plantedDwas planted15.Smart phonesin the classroom（）Aarent allowedBarent allowingCallowDis allowed16.StudentsdolesshomeworknowUsuallyit_b

26、efore9oclockintheevening（）AfinishesBfinishedCisfinishedDwasfinished17.-Waiter，Id like some Ningbo Dumplings-Sorry，sirNingbo Dumpings _only for lunch and dinner（）AserveBservedCareservedDareserving18.Now all Chinese couples_to have two children（）AallowBallowedCare allowedDwere allowed19. HeJiong_togiv

27、easpeechatthegraduationceremonyatHarvardUniversitylastmonth（）AinvitesBinvitedCisinvitedDwasinvited课堂检测 中考真题5. Attention, please! The last award will be _ to the best singer of the year-Coco Lee. 16年连云港A. lentB. introducedC. donatedD. presented 9. In the past few years, great changes_in Lianyungang.

28、15年连云港 A. take platook place C. have taken place D. have been taken place 9. - Clark, your room is really in a mess. It needs _.13年连云港 - Sorry, mum. Ill do it at once. A. clean B. cleaned C. to clean D. to be cleaned7Hong Kong Disneyland is well worth _.15徐州 A. to visit B. visiting C. visit D. Visit

29、ed12. Aunt Li, who is the pretty girl in red in the picture? 16淮安 Its my daughter. The picture _ 10 years ago. A. took B. is takenC. has takenD. was taken一、选择题（215=30分）( )1._ a new library _ in our school last year? A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build ( )2. An accident _ on this

30、 road last week. A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened ( )3.Cotton（棉花） _ in the southeast of China. A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow ( )4.So far, the moon _ by man already. A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited ( )5.A talk on Chinese h

31、istory _ in the school hall next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives ( )6.How many trees _ this year? A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted ( )7.A lot of things _ by people to save the little girl now. A. are doing B. are being done C. has been done D

32、. will be done ( )8.-When _ this kind of computers_? -Last year. A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used ( )9.The Great Wall _ all over the world. A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known ( )10.Who _ this book _? A. did; written B. was; written by C. did; written D. was; written ( )11.A s

33、tory _ by Granny yesterday. A. was told us B. was told to us C. is told us D. told us ( )12.The monkey was seen _ off the tree. A. jump B. jumps C. jumped D. to jump ( )13.The school bag _ behind the chair. A. puts B. can be put C. can be putted D. can put ( )14.Older people _ well. A. looks after B

34、. must be looked after C. must look after D. looked after ( )15.Our teacher _ carefully. A. should be listened to B. should be listen C. be listened D. is listened 二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。（120=20分）(请注意时态和语态两个方面)1.Its said(据说) that the long bridge_（build）in two months 2.Where to have the meeting _ （discuss

35、）now 3.Which language _the most widely_（speak）in the world？ 4.The lost boy_（not find）so far 5.Last year a large number of trees_（cut）down 6. The students _ often _(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs. 7. The old man is ill. He _ (must send) to the hospital. 8. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_ (

36、sell) in this shop. 9. What _ knives _ (make) of ? They_(make) of metal(金属) and wood. 10. Can the magazine _ (take) out of the library? 11. The room _ (clean) by me every day. 12. The stars cant _ (see) in the daytime. 13. Some flowers _ (water) by Li Ming already. 14. This kind of shoes _ (sell) we

37、ll. 15. How long _ your uncle _(be) in the city? 16. The food _ (smell) delicious.17. Look! Someone _(dance). 三、按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。 （130=30分）1.Is tea grown in South China？（改为主动语态） _ people _ tea in South China？ 2.I am given a birthday present by my parents every year（同义句转换） A birthday present _ _ _ _by

38、my parents every year 3.The work is going to be finished in two days. (对划线提问)How_ _ the work going to be finished ? 4. The children will sing an English song. (改为被动语态) An English song _ _ _ by the children. 5. You neednt do it now. (改为被动语态) It _ _ _ by you now. 6. People use metal for making machine

39、s. (改为被动语态) Metal _ _ _making machines. 7. He made me do that for him. (改为被动语态) I _ _ _ _ that for him. 8.They are watching the football match.The football match _ _ _ by them.9.Did they build a bridge here a year ago? (改为被动语态) _ a bridge _ here by them a year ago? 10.They have sold out the light gr

40、een dresses. (改为被动语态) The light green dresses _ _ _ out. 11.We call the game “Lianliankan”. (改为被动语态)The game _ _ “Lianliankan” by us.四、根据所给汉语完成句子，一空一词。 (110=10分)The new bike _ _ _ _ （买给我）by my parents as a present last week _ your mobile phone _ _ _（是国产的吗）？ The whole mountain is _ _ (覆盖) the snow.五、下列各句均有一处错误，请找出并改正过来。 （10分）I have a lot of homework to be done tonight _Is your history teacher listened carefully in class？ _Lei Fengs name remembered by all Chinese people _The music is sounded beautiful.