高考英语任务型阅读训练经典题目(共19页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上高考英语任务型阅读训练经典题目100一、高中英语任务型阅读1请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格里填上一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。 Asthma(哮喘) is a long-lasting breathing disease that affects millions of Americans, many of whom are children. People who get asthma will suffer from lack of breath, difficulty in breathing or coughing-which

2、are caused by the tightening of the muscles in airways. Untreated asthma can lead to poor lung function and death, but asthma can also be effectively controlled with proper treatments. Research is discovering genes that contribute to the development of asthma. This development has pointed researcher

3、s to the role of indoor and outdoor pollution as environmental factors that contribute to the increased occurrence of asthma. The Indoor Pollution Indoor pollution has increased with the developments in building materials and in heating and air conditioning systems. In addition to poisonous gases th

4、at come from paint, other materials like dust and perfumes used in household products such as washing powder are recycled continuously through the house, winter and summer. Unlike the days before central heating or before whole-house air conditioning, these materials and chemicals cannot get out of

5、modern homes. Most often, they cause breathing problems in the members of the family with the least-developed autoimmune(自身免疫的) systems. Proper venting (通风) and use of environmentally-friendly building materials and carpeting can help reduce the presence of these chemicals. The Out door pollution Re

6、searchers have also established outdoor pollutions role as a probable cause of asthma. Asthma has been proven to result from some fuel products. Smog and the small matters carried by it have been recognized as a factor which leads to asthma since the 19th century when London saw more and more diseas

7、es in the industrial population. Industrial pollutants and other chemicals which are produced in water treatment and open treated water like that found in the swimming pools also contribute to increased cases of asthma as well as other illnesses. Those most affected by the increase of industrial and

8、 environmental pollution are children. Although much has been done to control the levels of pollution in the US, there still remains much to do as it is a worldwide phenomenon. Until an international effort can be made to limit carbon emissions, the occurrence of environmental asthma will probably c

9、ontinue to increase.The _ between asthma and air pollutionThe _ of asthma lack of breath difficulty in breathing coughingThe possible _ ofuntreated asthma poor lung function death_ contributing to the increased asthmaIndoor pollutionIt is _ by building materials and heating and air conditioning syst

10、ems._ some poisonous gases, dust and perfumes worsen pollution.Some material and chemicals_ in modern homes.Outdoor pollutionSmog and the small matters carried by it cause asthma, which is proven by a(n) _ number of lung diseases in the industrial population.Industrial pollutants and other chemicals

11、 in water are_ to peoples health.79 to peoples health.ConclusionOnly when all countries join together to limit carbon emissions can people be _ rom suffering environmental asthma.【答案】 relationshiprelationconnectionassociationlink；symptoms；consequencesresultseffects；Factors；caused/ increased；Besides；

12、remain/ stay；increased/ increasing；harmful；prevented/stopped/ kept/ away/ free/ freed 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，分析了哮喘产生的原因，从室内污染和室外污染两个方面来进行阐述。（1）考查推理判断。本文讨论了哮喘和空气污染的关系，从中文“关系，联系”出发，答案范围广。故填relationship relation connection association link。（2）考查推理判断。结合第一段对哮喘发病情况的解释，可选择出总结词“症状”。故填symptoms。（3）考查细节理解。根据“Untreat

13、ed asthma can lead to poor lung function and death,”可知，这里是指“结果”。故填consequences resultseffects 。（4）考查概括归纳。根据第二段中的“This development has pointed researchers to the role of indoor and outdoor pollution as environmental factors that contribute to the increased occurrence of asthma.，”结合题目含义，这里是因素。故填Factor

14、s 。（5）考查细节理解。根据“indoor pollution has increased with”结构，其实就是因果关系，所以这里是被动结构。故填caused/ increased。（6）考查信息归纳。根据“in addition to” 进行替换，“除了，还包括”的意思。故填Besides。（7）考查推理判断。根据these materials and chemicals cannot get out modern homes指的是这些材料并没有随时间消失，一直存在。故填remain/ stay。（8）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“saw more and more disease

15、s in the industrial population. Industrial pollutants and other chemicals which are produced in water treatment and open treated water like that found in the swimming pools also contribute to increased cases of asthma as well as other illnesses.”，可知是越来越多的疾病。故填increased/ increasing。（9）考查推理判断。根据“saw m

16、ore and more diseases in the industrial population. Industrial pollutants and other chemicals which are produced in water treatment and open treated water like that found in the swimming pools also contribute to increased cases of asthma as well as other illnesses.”可知，这类污染物对人体有害，会导致疾病。故填harmful 。（10

17、）考查推理判断。根据最后一段，得知是阻止be from doing 固定搭配，表示否定含义。故填prevented/stopped/ kept/ away/ free/ freed。【点评】本题审计推理判断，细节理解和信息归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，要求考生在理解所给材料的基础上，结合相关的语法知识和词汇知识，做出正确答案。2任务型阅读 Perhaps at one point in time, it was acceptable to start any letter or e-mail with “To Whom It May Concern.”_Starting your co

18、ver letter or e-mail for a job this way might give off the impression that you didnt do your research on who youre writing to_After all, people who address other people by their names when writing and speaking to them tend to be more pleasant. _It can be used in letters of recommendation or referenc

19、e, formal complaints（抱怨）made to a company, letters of introduction, and letters of interest. Grammarly uses the example of needing to write a letter of recommendation, for a colleague who will have to make several copies to distribute to interviewers_“In most cases, though, try to narrow your focus

20、rather than cast a broad net,” notes Grammarly.”Ask yourself. Who does this e-mail concern? If you can honestly answer Anyone, then feel free to use “To Whom It May Concern.” （These are the things you should never say in your cover letter.） If you do happen to find that using “To Whom It May Concern

21、” is appropriate, dont make grammar mistakes, for example, letters or punctuation._A. However, it maybe interesting.B. Those times have changed, though.C. Making mistakes in writing will surely get you low scores.D. Its also very impersonal, which some employers might not appreciate.E. In that circu

22、mstance, sending and receiving letters is more of a formal greeting.F. You might want to take note of other common errors you might be committing, too.G. But according to Grammarly, there are four times when its OK to use this greeting. 【答案】B；D；G；E；F 【解析】【分析】本文为应用文。现在写求职信与过去不同了。不写具体称呼会让收信的人不舒服的，通用称呼

23、只有几种场合才能用。如果要用这种的话，也要注意别犯一些常见的语法错误。（1）考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本句主要根据时态来判断。空前是一般过去时，讲的是写信用通用称呼，而不是具体称呼在过去是可接受的。空后是一般现在时，现在最好要称呼具体，否则会让人不喜欢。由此可推断出空前后是今昔对比，有所不同的。分析选项可知，B项（Those times have changed, though. 然而，那些时代已经改变了）。可知符合题意。过去的那种现象已不适合现在了，会留下不好的印象。故答案选B。（2）考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。 根据空前的内容：用这样的方式（没写收信人的名字）写求职信或电子邮

24、件可能会给你留下一个印象，那就是你没有对你要写的东西做任何研究。空后：毕竟写信称呼他们的名字可能会更令人高兴。由此可推断出如果没写收信人的名字，可能会让人不喜欢。分析选项D项（这也是非常客观的，有些老板可能不欣赏）放入句中“如果写求职信时不写称呼可能会让人不喜欢。毕竟有称呼才会让人高兴”，句意是通顺的。故答案选D。（3）考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据本段的内容：它可以用在推荐信或证明信、对公司提出的正式投诉、介绍信和感兴趣的信件中。可知它用于四种场合。分析选项可知，G项（ But according to Grammarly, there are four times when its

25、 OK to use this greeting）但是根据Grammarly的说法，使用这个问候语有四次，可知本句中正好是可用于四种场合，且选项G项与本段有意思及词（use）的复现。因此符合题意，故答案选G。（4）考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。空前：对于一个必须复制几份推荐信发给不同的面试官的同事为例。由此可知写的求职信，要用正式用语。分析选项，可知E项（ In that circumstance, sending and receiving letters is more of a formal greeting.）在这种情况下，发送和接收信件更多的是正式的问候语，符合题意，放入文中符合

26、题意，故答案选E。（5）考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。 根据空前的内容dont make grammar mistakes, for example, letters or punctuation. 不要犯语法错误，例如字母或标点符号，这是常见的错误。分析选项，可知 F项（ 你可能会留意这些常见错误）与之有句意的重叠。放入句中，检验可知，文中之意是在写信时，不要犯一些常见的语法错误，如拼写和标点符号，也许你正在犯的错误。通过检验，推断出F项符合题意，故答案选F。【点评】七选五解题步骤如下：步骤一：快速浏览一遍七个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章

27、体裁，抓住文章结构。步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。步骤五：区分相似项；步骤六：用代入法，检查答案是否合理。3任务型阅读 You may be more interested in a boxing or yoga studio. If you are interested in variety, youll be better off going with a larger complex that might contain equipment for sports, for example. Pay more

28、attention to the importance of position._So pick a sport that fits your sense when a visit would typically occur. The fitness equipment should be close to your home or workplace. Whether to make it convenient or inconvenient is often one of the greatest barriers to success. Take advantage of free tr

29、ials._During your visit, you want to think about the number of people using machines, the friendliness of the staff, and whether showers are offered there. _The two primary places to check for dirt and stain are in the locker room and the comers of the workout rooms. Also pay attention to smell. Mak

30、e sure there is a way to easily clean equipment. Talk with personnel about the busiest times and the number of members using the gym on a typical day._Learn about membership packages, extra fees and guest passes for friends and family. By thoughtfully considering gyms and fitness center you can ensu

31、re you will actually like your choice and use your membership. Considering the right aspects will help you pick good equipment._A. Make sure everything is clean.B. The places should be comfortable to use.C. Good health is of great importance for you.D. Its easy to ignore your body when you have a bu

32、sy day.E. The fitness center you like will offer a chance to try them out.F. Find out whether they require pre-class registration or reservations.G. So you can jump into achieving your fitness goals and improving your life. 【答案】D；E；A；F；G 【解析】【分析】本文告诉你如何选择合适的运动设备来健身。如果你对多样性运动感兴趣的话，你最好选择一个更大的复杂的存放运动器材

33、设备的地方。（在原文基础上有改动）考虑到正确的方面将帮助你挑选合适的设备，所以这样你就可以实现你的健身目标和改善你的生活。(1)根据上句：更加注意位置的重要性。可知，当你一天忙碌的时候，你很容易忽视你的身体。故选D.(2)根据上句：利用免费试用的机会。可知，你喜欢的健身中心会给你一个尝试的机会。故选E。(3)此空是段落首句，根据上下文可知用祈使句，在A/F中选。再根据下句：检查污垢和污渍的两个主要地方是更衣室和健身房的人。可知，要确保一切都是干净的。根据句意可知选A。(4)根据上句：与员工谈论最繁忙的时间和每天使用健身房的会员人数。再根据空格下句：了解会员包、额外费用和朋友、家人的通行证。可知

34、，弄清楚他们是否需要预注册或预订。故选F。(5)根据上句：考虑到正确的方面将帮助你挑选合适的设备。可知，所以这样你就可以实现你的健身目标和改善你的生活。故选G。【点评】考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。做题时，学生需注意速读全文，了解大意知主题，浏览选项，在上下文中找到信息词、句，并注意空前，空后间的逻辑关系，运用上下文所重复的关键词推断理清结构，确定答案4阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 My dad is a kind, gentle man, and a man of few words. Throughout my life, he offered a

35、dvice rarely. But the words were always appropriate to the situation I was facing. As a teen when I struggled with making sense of the world around me, he said, “All things are relative.” He taught me the right view of the world. When I was offered the opportunity to be a manager of an organization

36、as an undergraduate student, I asked him for advice because he was a senior manager of a large company. His advice was simple, “Only when you become the manager can you have a vision for how you can make the organization better; management isnt about power and its about leadership.” I learned what I

37、 needed was not only to be responsible for my team but also to have leading ability. When I was feeling down, he explained, “Think that you make the wrong choices in life, sometimes.” My dad is 86 now, living on his own and enjoying life while struggling with the challenges that aging brings. He kee

38、ps a positive attitude despite long pain and the losses that come in life. Although we live quite far away from each other, we talk daily on the phone, and he shares the joys of my young family. As I tell him how were heading off cycling or on a trip or out to play tennis, now his typical response i

39、s, “Do it while you can.” This is very important. We cant be sure of the future. My fathers advice is like the ancient dictum（格言）of “ carpe diem” seize the day and enjoy it to the fullest. My dad rarely “lectured me”. He trusted me, and helped me when I needed help. His patience and wisdom have been

40、 true gifts in my life. As I doubt my ability and my motivation, I recall his most recent gift of wisdom, “Do it while you can”. Its enough to “just get me started”.（1）Why did the authors dad tell him “All things are relative.”? (No more than 10 words) （2）What qualities should a manager have accordi

41、ng to the author? (No more than 5 words) （3）What is the purpose of the authors father talking with him on the phone every day? (No more than 10 words) （4）How do you understand the underlined sentence in the last paragraph? (No more than 10 words) （5）How do you feel about the ancient dictum of “carpe

42、 diem”? (No more than 20 words) 【答案】 （1）To teach the author the right view of the world.（2）Both responsibility and leading ability.（3）Learning (To learn) more about the pleasure of the authors family.（4）His fathers words make him take action.（5）(One possible version:) I totally agree with it, becaus

43、e I think one should seize the day to enjoy his life without regret. 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者介绍了自己的父亲及父亲对自己的教导和启发。 （1）考查信息提升能力。根据第二段中的“As a teen when I struggled with making sense of the world around me, he said, All things are relative. He taught me the right view of the world.”可知，作者的父亲说“所有的事情都是相对的。”是为了

44、教给作者正确的世界观。考虑词数限制，故答To teach the author the right view of the world. （2）考查信息提升能力。根据第二段中的“I learned what I needed was not only to be responsible for my team but also to have leading ability.”可知，作者明白了作为经理他需要的不仅仅是对团队负责，还要有领导能力。考虑词数限制，故答Both responsibility and leading ability. （3）考查信息提升能力。根据第三段中的“Althou

45、gh we live quite far away from each other, we talk daily on the phone, and he shares the joys of my young family. ”可知，作者的父亲每天和他通电话的目的实际上是想分享年轻家庭的快乐。考虑词数限制，故答Learning (To learn) more about the pleasure of the authors family. （4）考查信息提升能力。根据最后一段中的“As I doubt my ability and my motivation, I recall his m

46、ost recent gift of wisdom, “Do it while you can”. Its enough to “just get me started”可知，当作者怀疑自己的能力和动机时，他会想起父亲最近赐予他的智慧“趁你能做的时候去做”。这足以让我“开始”了。由此可知，划线句意为，父亲的话让自己行动起来。考虑词数限制，故答His fathers words make him take action. （5）考查信息提升能力。此题答案不统一，答题时要有立场、要有依据，同时注意字数限制。例如：I totally agree with it, because I think on

47、e should seize the day to enjoy his life without regret.（我完全同意，因为我认为一个人应该抓住这一天，享受他的生活没有遗憾） 【点评】本题涉及信息提升能力的考查，要求考生准确掌握所给材料，根据上下文的逻辑关系，结合相关的语法知识和词汇知识，从而做出正确答案。5请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。 注意：每个空格只填1个单词。 Ants: master cooperators Millions of ants live together in a colony, but they dont comp

48、ete, get confused, or become disorganized. They behave in an amazing orderly manner at all times. Some scientists refer to ants as super-organisms because they live in such highly organized societies that work together to survive. The way ants live and work together has made them one of the most important creatures on the planet. Ants,