上海口译中高级考试词汇必备(共15页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上上海口译中高级考试词汇必备-个人搜罗Aa hedge against inflation n. 防止通货膨胀的措施a prudent monetary policy n. 稳健的货币政策absolute advantage n. 绝对优势 accounting n. 会计学；帐目清算；财会glossary 扩展accountant n.会计（师）accounting fraud n. 做假帐accounting scandal n. 财务丑闻bookkeeping n. 记帐 financial statement n. 财务报表 keep the public in

2、formed of the financial affairs 财务公开 acquire v. 购置、获取，购买，取得所有权acquisition of assets n. 购置资产active balance (passive balance/ unfavorable balance) n. 顺差 (逆差) advanced technology n. 先进技术aggregate demand n. 总需求aggregate supply n. 总供给allocation of financial resources n. 金融资源配置ample supply n. 供应充裕an avera

3、ge annual increase n. 年均增长annual return n. 年利润 anti-dumping measures n. 反倾销措施areas for the market access n. 市场准入领域asset n. 资产associate company (subsidiary / affiliate) n.联营公司 （子公司、附属公司）autarky n.自给自足; 经济独立（政策、地区、国家）authorization bill n. 授权书Bbad loans n. 不良贷款banking n. 银行业glossary 扩展investment bank n

4、. 投资银行Goldman Sachs 高盛Citibank 花旗银行HSBC (Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation) 汇丰银行Bank of America 美洲银行Deutsche Bank 德意志银行bankruptcy protection n. 破产保护 block release n. 脱产进修boom n./v.（经济）突然膨胀bottom line n. 帐本底线, 底线brand loyalty n. 对某个牌子的忠诚度brand names n. 品牌Bretton Woods system 布雷顿森林体系(一国际金融体系)

5、budget n. /v. 预算budget deficit n.预算赤字budget surplus n. 预算盈余budgetary items n. 预算项目business cycle n. 商业周期business fraud n. 商业欺诈 business mechanism n. 创业机制business prototype n.商业原型、商业模型Ccapital n. 资本, 资金, 资产capital flow n. 资本流动car loans n. 汽车贷款cash bonuses n. 现金奖励cash flow n. 现金流量 cashiers cheque n. 本

6、票 central business district (CBD) n. 中央商务区 certificated public accountant (CPA) n. 注册会计师 certified business executive n. 高级商务师 checks and balances n. 相互制约和平衡collect call n. 对方付费电话 commerce clause n. 商业条款commercialization n. 商品化 commodity n. 商品common law n. 习惯法company n. 公司glossary 扩展concern 公司，商行， 康

7、采恩（垄断组织）corporate （股份有限）公司， 企业conglomerate 集团企业，跨行业大企业firm 公司，尤指合股、合伙公司enterprise 企业，公司，事业business 工商企业，商务业务establishment 公司, 企业，商业机构house 商业机构; 出版公司outfit 企业, 商业组织venture (为赢利而进行冒险的)企业comparative advantage n. 相对优势competition and comparison n. 竞争比较competition mechanism n. 竞争机制competition n. 竞争contra

8、ct n. 合同consumers association n. 消费者协会 consumer confidence n. 消费者信心consumer expectations n. 消费预期conventional industries n. 传统产业 core competitiveness n. 核心竞争力 cost n. 成本cost-effectiveness n. 成本效益cutting edge (have an edge on) n. 优势 （比有优势）Ddealer/ jobber/ broker n. 经销商/ 股票经纪人deficit spending n. 赤字开支de

9、flation / inflation n. 通货紧缩/ 通货膨胀demand n./v. 需求demand curve n. 需求曲线deposit n./v. 定金, 保证金depreciation / appreciation n. 贬值/增值depression n. 萧条，经济不景气的一段时期designer clothing/jeans / sneakers n. 名牌服装/牛仔裤/运动鞋devaluate v. (使) 贬值discount rate n. 贴现率distribution n. 流通, 分配diversification of investment n. 投资多元

10、化double / triple / quadruple v./ adj./ n. 两倍/三倍/四倍（翻两翻）Eeconomic aggregate n. 经济总量economic and cultural exchanges n. 经济文化交流economic belts n. 经济带economic globalization n. 经济全球化economic growth n. 经济增长economic leverage n. 经济杠杆作用economic regulation n. 经济调节economic returns n. 经济回报、经济效益economic zones n. 经

11、济区economical adj. 节约的, 经济的economics n. 经济学economic ills n. 经济弊病economy class n. (客机) 经济舱effective Corp management n. 有效的公司管理扩展“loose and tight” management 张弛有度的管理a paragon of management virtue 管理功效的典范consequence management 结果管理hands-off management 疏松管理HR (human resource) 人力资源HR management 人力调配perfor

12、mance management 业绩管理PR (public relation) 公关risk management 风险管理transparency management 透明管理the two-tier management system 双层管理体制top-down management 自上而下的管理模式make ones own management decisions 自主经营managerial and technical staff 管理技术人员managerial expertise 管理知识effective demand n. 有效需求efficiency n. 效率，

13、功效elasticity n. 弹性、可塑性、灵活度electronic dealing n. 电子交易electronic business (E-business) n. 电子商务elite n. 精英emerging market n. 新兴市场employment insurance n. (EI, 旧称UI-unemployment insurance，失业保险) 就业保险金employment rate n. 就业率employment n. 就业engine for economic growth n. 经济增长的引擎enterprise n.企业 扩展annexation an

14、d reorganization of enterprises 企业兼并重组 corporate checks and balances 企业间的制衡corporate / entrepreneurial culture 企业文化corporate image(CI)/ enterprise image 企业形象cross-national corporation 跨国公司 earnings growth 收益增长enterprising spirit; pioneering spirit 创业精神 entrepreneur 企业家 entrepreneurship 企业家身分(地位、职权、能

15、力) foreign-capital enterprise 外资企业foreign-invested venture 外资企业 free enterprise 自由企业(制) 政府很少干预，私人自主经营individual initiative 个人主动性initial capital 启动资金 listing of a company 企业上市 multinational corporation 跨国公司 team spirit; esprit de corps 团队精神 traditional-bound business 受传统束缚的企业transformation （企业）转型tran

16、snational corporation 跨国公司registered capital 注册资本overseas-funded enterprises 外资企业equities 英pl. (无固定利息的)股票, 证券F4 P (product, price, place and promotion) 4P营销理论: 产品、价格、地点、促销4 C 4C(以消费者为中心)理论包括：扩展 Consumer needs & wants 消费者的需求与欲望Cost 消费者愿意付出的成本Convenience 为消费者所提供的方便Communication 与消费者的沟通 fair competitio

17、n n. 公平竞争federal reserve system (美国)联邦备银行制度federation n. 联邦financial fraud(s) n. 金融欺诈financial crisis (turmoil) n. 金融危机（风暴） financial market n. 金融市场bullion market 金银买卖市场cash market 现金市场debt market 债务市场discount market 贴现市场equity market 股本市场foreign exchange and derivatives markets 外汇及衍生产品市场foreign exc

18、hange market 外汇市场global financial system 全球金融体系insurance market 保险市场securities market 证券市场fiscal adj. 财政的扩展 fiscal and monetary levers 财政和货币杠杆fiscal budget 财政预算fiscal policy 财政政策, 财务方针fiscal year 财政年度fiscal lever 财政杠杆fiscal levy 财政税收 financial deficit 财政赤字 fiscal revenue 财政收入 national revenue 财政收入 f

19、ixed assets n. 固定资产fund / capital / venture capital n. 资金, 资本/ 风险资金future market n. 期货市场Ggenerate profit v. 创利GNP at factor cost 按成本要素计算的国民生产总值go public v. 上市go to Chapter 11 v.（美）申请破产保护go under v. (口) 倒闭government spending n. 政府开支gray income n. 灰色收入 Great Depression n.（美）大萧条 详析：a prolonged and very

20、 severe recession. The economic crisis which began around the time of the stock market crash in October 1929 and continued through the 1930s.gross domestic product (GDP) n. 国内生产总值gross national product (GNP) n. 国民生产总值Hhead hunter n. 猎头公司 hedge (against) v. 保护或防御手段, 尤指防止经济损失hedge fund n. 对冲基金high ret

21、urn n. 高收益，高回报holiday economy n. 假日经济human capital n. 人力资本hyperinflation n. 恶性通货膨胀Iimmediate consumption n. 即期消费immediate yield n. 直接回报incentive n. 动力industry n. 工业，产业，行业 扩展 advertising industry 广告业aerospace industry 航空和航天工业aircraft industry 飞机制造工业basic industry 基础工业, 重工业book industry 图书出版业brewing i

22、ndustry 啤酒酿造工业; 酿造工业capital-and-technology-intensive industries 资金技术密集型产业car industry 汽车制造工业electronic industry 电子工业entertainment industry 娱乐业equipment manufacturing industry 装备制造业heavy industry 重工业information industry 信息产业knowledge-intensive industry 知识密集型产业 labor-intensive industry 劳动密集型产业 large a

23、nd medium-sized state-owned enterprises 国有大中型企业light industry 轻工业lottery industry 博彩业manufacturing industry 制造业monopoly industries 垄断行业rubber industry 橡胶工业secondary industry 第二产业service industry developing in all areas 服务业全面发展textile industry 纺织行业the tertiary industry 第三产业tourist industry 旅游业industr

24、ialization n. 工业化industries in straitened circumstances n. 困难行业infrastructure n. 基础设施insufficient demand n. 需求不足interest cut n. 降息 interest group n. 利益集团interest rate(s) n. 利率international competitiveness n. 国际竞争力international settlement n. 国际结算 J joint effort n. 共同努力joint venture n. 合资企业joint-stock

25、 system n. 股份制K Keynes 凯恩斯(英国经济学家)Keynesian theory 凯恩斯经济理论Llabor n./v. 劳动力labor-intensive industries n. 劳动密集型产业Laffer curve 拉费曲线(美国供应学派经济学家拉费所假设的一条曲线)laissez-faire 放任政策(尤指资本主义国家的政府对工商业者的自由)late charge n. 滞纳金 law of demand n. 需求定律law of supply n. 供给定律lawful business operations n. 合法经营leasing n. 出租业务

26、legal person n. 法人legitimacy n. 合理性、合法性legitimate rights and interests n. 正当权益liability of fault n. 过失责任 limited liability corporation n. 有限公司liquidity n. 变现能力listed companies n. 上市公司logistics n. 物流loss leader n. 为招揽顾客而削本出售的商品loss leader strategy n. (商店) 优惠策略MM & A (merger & acquisition) 收购兼并macroec

27、onomic control n. 宏观调控macroeconomics n. 宏观经济学make ends meet v. 收支平衡; (口) 日子过得去marginal return n. 边际报酬market n. 市场扩展 market diversification 市场多元化market economy 市场经济market intelligence 市场情报、市场调查market saturation 市场饱和 market share 市场占有率market supervision 市场监管marketization 市场化market-oriented employment

28、mechanisms 市场导向的就业机制 mass production n. 批量生产mechanism n. 机制merger n. 合并merger and bankruptcy n. 兼并破产merit n. 价值microeconomics n. 微观经济学modern distribution n. 现代流通modern market economy n. 现代市场经济modern market system n. 现代市场体系modern services n. 现代服务业monetary adj. 货币的glossary 扩展 European monetary integra

29、tion 欧洲货币一体化convertible currency 可兑换货币monetary lever 货币杠杆monetary policy 货币政策monetization 货币化monetization of public debt 公债货币化withdrawal of currency from circulation 货币回笼monopoly n. 垄断multifunctionality n. 多功能性multilateral trade negotiation n. 多边贸易谈判 Oold-age pension n. 养老保险制度oligarchy n. 寡头政治, 寡头政治

30、的执政团oligopoly n. 求过于供的市场情况on-the-job training n. 岗位培训 opportunity cost n. 机会成本optimize (maximize / minimize) v. 优化 / 最大化/ 最小化overheating n. 过热Pparagon n. 模范, 典范patent n. 专利patent grant n. 专利许可 patent law n. 专利法规 pension n. 退休金; 养老金per capita GDP n. 人均国内生产总值per capita income n. 人均收入performance n. 业绩p

31、erformance-based salary system n. 基于业绩的工资制度plunge / dip / down v/n. （价格）猛跌/ 小跌/ 下跌political economy n. 政治经济portfolio n. 一组投资positioning n. 定位potential market n. 潜在市场practical productive forces n. 现实生产力primary productive force n. 第一生产力printing and packaging business n. 包装印刷业private enterprise n. 私营企业

32、private property n. 私人财产 private sector n. 私营部门privatization n. 私有化prime rate n. 银行最低贷款利率roduce n. 农产品roductivity n. 生产力profit n./v. 利润promotion n. 促销propaganda n. （贬义）宣传proprietary intellectual property rights n. 自主知识产权protectionism n. 贸易）保护主义public sector n. 公共部门public services n. 公共服务purchasing p

33、ower n. 购买力 QQC (quality check) 质检QFII 合格的境外机构投资者Rraffle v. / n. 抽奖售货real economy n. 实体经济recession n. 衰退，不景气regime n. 政权、机制rent n. 租金regional protectionism n. 地方保护主义resources n. 资源restructure n. 改组、重组retail gap n. 零售空间Ssaturation; be saturated n./ adj. 饱和sales volume n. 销售额satellite town n. 卫星城 savi

34、ngs n. 储蓄scale operation n. 规模经营scarcity n. 缺乏securities n. 证券glossary 扩展 stock , bond, securities 股票, 债券, 证券 securities, options and futures 证券、期权及期货 A share A股B share B 股bear market 熊市bull market 牛市Chinas Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) 中国证监会corporate bonds 企业债 day trading 当日交易 delisted co

35、mpany 被摘牌的公司 equity participant 参股者 fixed income investments 固定收益类投资hedge 对冲；保值手段IPO (Initial Public Offering) 首次上市（股票）joint stock company 参股公司 long -term government bonds 长期国债 long- term treasury bonds for construction 长期建设国债 rally 反弹, 股市价格和成交额在下跌后显著的上升the Dow Jones Industrial Average 道琼斯工业指数the NA

36、SDAQ Composite Index 纳斯达克综合指数the Nikkei Average 日京指数S & P (Standard & Poors) 标准普尔指数London SE (Stock Exchange) 伦敦证券交易所New York SE 纽约证券交易所Shanghai SE 上海证券交易所Shenzhen SE 深圳证券交易所seeking financing by listing on the stock market 上市融资securities investment 证券投资state stock reduction; reduce states stake in l

37、isted companies 国有股减持 State-held shares 国有股 Stock index 股票指数 stock option 股票期权 treasury bonds (T-bonds) 国库券The Securities and Futures Ordinance (SFO) 证券及期货条例 separation of powers n. 权利分离SEC (Securities and Exchange Commission) (美) 证券交易委员会slump n./v. (经济)衰退，滑坡soar / surge / climb n./v. （价格）上涨social a

38、nd economic stability n. 社会经济稳定social credit system n. 社会信用体系social wealth n. 社会财富SOHO (Small Office & Home Office) SOHO一族(小型办公室和家庭办公室) solvency n. 偿付能力 sources of investment n. 投资主体speculative ad,j. 投机性的stabilize prices v. 稳定物价 start / build from scratch v. 从零开始; 白手起家storage and transport n. 储运 str

39、ategic planning n. 战略部署, 战略计划 strong （currency） adj. （货币）坚挺strong demand n. 需求强劲subsidy n. 补助金，津贴sunrise industry n. 朝阳产业 sunset industry n. 夕阳产业 supply n. 供给supply side economics n. 供方经济学survival rate n. 成活率 SWOT analysis n. 优势与劣势, 机遇与挑战分析 T24 hour service n. 全天候服务tangible benefits n. 实惠technology-

40、intensive product n. 技术密集产品 tender-invitation n. 招商 the distribution (allocation) of resources n. 资源配置 the economic structure n. 经济结构the industrial structure n. 产业结构the macro-control system n. 宏观调控体系the market system n. 市场体系the open economy n. 开放型经济the order of the market economy n. 市场经济秩序the potent

41、ially largest market n. 潜在的最大市场the world trade organization (WTO) n. 世贸组织the U.S. Trade Representative n. 美国贸易代表the Canadian trade mission n. 加拿大贸易代表团 tourist economy n. 旅游经济trade n./v. 贸易扩展 ASEAN (Association of South-East Asian Nations) 东南亚国家联盟 ASEAN Free Trade Area 东盟自由贸易区 EU (European Union) 欧盟c

42、hamber of import and export trade 进出口商会CIF(cost, insurance, freight) 到岸价CIFC （cost, insurance, freight and commission） 到岸价加佣金COD (cash on delivery) 货到付款diary product 奶制品durable consumer goods, consumer durables 耐用消费品 FMCG (fast-moving consumer goods) 快速消费品 FOB (free on board) 离岸价forward delivery 远期交

43、货free port 自由港grassland farming 牧业horticultural product 园艺品ice-free harbor 不冻港 L/C (letter of credit) 信用证lamb 羊羔milk powder 奶粉mutton 羊肉non-tariff trade barriers 非关税贸易壁垒produce 农产品protectionism 保护主义 protective price 保护价格 quotation of prices 报价单retail market 零售市场 sea and air shipping service 海上和空中运输服务

44、single-product export country 单一产品出口国 steel 钢铁the most competitive products 拳头产品 timber 木材timber product 木器trade balance 贸易平衡trade bloc 贸易集团 （如：欧盟）trade conflicts 贸易冲突trade deficit (surplus) 贸易逆差 / 顺差trade in commodities and services 商品和服务贸易trade monopolies and regional blockades 行业垄断和地区封锁trade sanc

45、tion 贸易制裁trade volume 贸易额wholesale market 批发市场 wool export 羊毛出口traditional industries n. 传统产业transaction n. 交易triple n./v./adj. 增长两倍turnover n. 销售额TV shots n. 电视广告TQC (Total Quality Control) n. 全面质量管理W外商直接投资foreign direct investment 外向型经济outward-looking economy外资企业overseas-funded enterprises; foreig

46、n-funded company 完善的社会主义市场经济体制full-fledged socialist market economy 温饱 having only adequate food and clothing 稳定物价 stabilize prices 稳健的货币政策the sound monetary policy 外汇 foreign exchange 扩展 glossary 外汇储备 reign exchange reserves 外汇管理局 SAFE ( State Administration of Foreign Exchange) 外汇管制 foreign exchan

47、ge control 外汇汇率 foreign exchange rate 外商直接投资 direct foreign investment X 西部地区Chinas western region 西部大开发 the large-scale development of Chinas western region 下岗失业人员再就业reemploy laid-off workers 消费需求的不足insufficient consumer spending 消费者权益日 International Day for Consumers Rights and Interests国际交流和合作international exchanges and cooperation 新的经济增长点new growth areas in the economy 需求疲软weak demand Y 亚洲金融危机the Asian financial crisis 衣食住用行food, clothing, housing, transport and da