初中主谓一致详解(共4页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上 初中主谓一致的用法一、主谓一致三原则 主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。 1. 语法一致原则：指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。 Tom is a good student. 汤姆是个好学生。 They often play football on the playground. 他们经常在操场上踢足球。 2. 意义一致：指主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义，这是谓语动词用单数形式。 My fa

2、mily are having lunch now. 我们一家人现在正吃午饭。 Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book. 这本书20美元太贵了。 1.单数名词(代词)，不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式，复数名词(代词)作主语，谓语用复数形式。 The desk is Toms. 这张桌子是汤姆的。 Some water is in the bottle. 一些水在瓶子里。 The students are playing football on the playground. 这些学生正在操场上踢足球。 2.表示时间，价格，重量，数目，长度，

3、数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，这些通常作一个整体概念，谓语用单数形式。 Two months is a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假。 Twenty pounds isnt so heavy. 2 0英镑并不太重。 Ten miles isnt a long distance. 1 0英里并不是一段很长的距离。 Five minus four is one. 5减4等于1。 3. people,police等集体名词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式，family,class,group,team等集体名词作主语，若指一个整体时，谓语动词用单数形式，若指一个具体成员时，谓语动词复数形式

4、。 People here are very friendly. 这儿的人很友好。 His family isnt large.他家的人不多。 My family all like watching TV. 我们一家人都喜欢看电视。4. 动词不定式，动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 To see is to believe眼见为实Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes.做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。 5. 由bothand连接两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；6主语是each/every+单数名词+and(each/every)+单数名

5、词时，谓语动词用单数。Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。 Every man and every woman is at work. 每个男人和女人都在工作。 7. one and a half+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。 One and a half hours is enough. 一个半小时足够了。8. 以s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义，谓语通常用单数形式，如news, maths, physics等 No news is good news.没有消息就是好消息。 Maths is very popula

6、r in our class 在我们班数学很受欢迎。9. 由and连接的两个单数名词作主语时，一般用复数形式，但and所连接的并列主语是同一个人，事物，或概念时，谓语动词用单数。这两种情况区分如下：a/the+单数名词+and+单数名词，指的是同一个人或物；a/the+单数名词+and+a/the+单数名词，指两个人或物。The writer and teacher is coming. 那位作家兼教师来了。(作家和教师指同一个人) The writer and the teacher are coming. 作家和老师来了。(作家和老师是两个人) 10 a variety of各种各样, a

7、 number of一群 +名词复数，动词要用复数形式; .而the number of 表数量+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。On exhibition there are a great variety of cars.展会上有各种各样的车。The number of the students is over eight houndred。学生人数达800多人。11. a/an+单数名词+or two 作主语，谓语动词用单数。 A student or two has failed the exam. 一两个学生考试不及格。 12. 不定代词somebody, someone, some

8、thing, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing作主语，谓语动词用单数， Is everyone here today. 今天大家到齐了吗？Something is wrong with him.他有毛病。 Nobody was in.没有人在家。 13. each, either, neither, another, the other 作主语，谓语动词用单数。Each of them has an English dictionary. 他们每人都有一本英语词典。 Neith

9、er answer is correct. 两个答案都不正确。 14. 如果主语是由“a series of, a kind of, a portion of+等+名词”构成时，动词一般用单数形式。 A series of pre-recorded taps has been prepared for language laboratory use.15. the+形容词表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式，表示抽象概念时，用单数形式. The poor are very happy,but the rich are sad. The beautiful lives forever. 美是永存的。

10、 16. more than one+单数名词作主语，谓语用单数。 More than one student has ever been to Beijing. 不止一个学生曾经去过北京。 3.就近一致：指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近他的主语。 Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football. 不仅老师喜欢踢足球，而且他的学生也喜欢。 There is a pen and some books on the desk. 课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。 1.以here，there开关的句子，若主语在

11、两个或两个以上，谓语动词通常与临近的主语一致 There is a book and three pens on the desk. 桌上有一本书和三只笔。 Here are some books and paper for you. 这里有一些书和纸给你。2.由or, eitheror， neithernor, not onlybut also, notbut,连接两个名词或代词作主语时，根据就近原则决定谓语动词形式。Either my wife or I am going.Neither you, nor I, nor anyone else knows the answer.Not on

12、ly you but also he is ready to leave.但：如果either, each, neither作主语，则动词为单数形式。Each of us has his likes and dislikes.Neither of the books is very interesting.4.就远一致当主语部分含有with，together with，along with，as well as，besides，except，but，like等介词或介词短语时，谓语动词用单数形式；但“名词+as well as+名词”时，谓语动词一般应与第一个名词一致。 Mike with h

13、is father has been to England. 迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰。 Mike,like his brother,enjoys playing football 迈克像他的哥哥一样喜欢踢足球。 The students as well as the teacher were present at the meeting.主谓一致课堂练习 参考15. BABAB 610. ABCDA 1115. BBCDA 主谓一致专项练习 2125 ADBAB 2630 ADACC 3135 ACCBA 3640 CACAC 主谓一致专项练习1. Either Jane or Steven

14、 _ watching TV now. A. were B. is C. was D. are 2. Two days _enough for me to finish the work, I need a third day. A. isnt B. is C. arent D. are 3. How many lessons do you usually have a day? Six lessons a day. And each of them _45 minutes. A. last B. lasts C. have D. are 4. Neither Liping nor I _a

15、basketball player. A. am B. is C. be D. are 5. There _ many new words in lesson one.It is very easy. A. is B. arent C. isnt D. are 6. The number of the students in our school _1200. A. is B. are C. has D. have 7. Maths _ my favourite subject. A. be B. is C. am D. are 8. The boy with the two dogs _ w

16、hen the earthquake rocked the city. A. were sleeping B. is sleeping C. was sleeping D. are sleeping 9. Every one except Tom and John _there when the meeting began. A. are B. is C. were D. was 10. That place is not interesting at all. _of us wants to go there. A. Neither B. Both C. All D. Some 11. No

17、body but Jane _ the secret. A. know B. knows C. have know D. is 12. Whats on the plate? some eggs and cakes on it? There _some eggs and cakes on it. A. is B. are C. was D. were 13. This pair of glasses _mine. A. are B. be C. is D. will be 14. Both Lily and Lucy _ to the party yesterday. A. invited B

18、. was invited C. had invited D. were invirted 15. Two months _quite a long time. Yes, Im afraid that he will miss lots of his lessons. A. is B. are C. was D. were 21. A library with 5000 books _ to the nation as a gift. A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered22. I told him what I

19、 was surprised _ his attitude towards his study. A. is B. was C. at is D. at was23. On the wall _ two large portraits(肖像). A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. are hung24. All that can be done _. A. has been done B. has done C. have done D. were done25. The singer and the dancer _ come to the meeting. A. h

20、as B. have C. are D. is26. I have finished a large part of the book; the rest _ more difficult. A. is B. are C. was D. were27. The wounded(伤员) _ by the hospital. A. has taken in B. has been taken in C. have taken in D. have been taken in28. The following _ some other examples. A. are B. is C. was D.

21、 were29. The whole class _ the teacher attentively(认真地). A. are listening B. is listening to C. are listening to D. is listening30. “All _ present and all _ going on well,” our manager said. A. is; is B. are; are C. are; is D. is; are31. The rich _ not always happy. A. are B. is C. has D. have32. He

22、 is the very thief that the police _. A. is after B. is looking C. are after D. are looking33. The third and last chapter(章节) _ by Professor Chen. A. are written B. are writing C. is written D. is writing34. One third of the students in our school _ girl students. A. is B. are C. was D. were35. Many

23、 a writer of newspaper articles _ to writing novels. A. has turned B. have turned C. being turned D. are going to turn36. None of your projects _. A. working out B. work out C. is worked out D. worked out37. Going to bed early and getting up early _ a good habit. A. is B. are C. were D. was38. I don

24、t think one hundred dollars _ a big sum of money to him. A. will be B. would be C. is D. are39. Neither of your suggestions _ sense. (make sense:有意义；说得通) A. makes B. make C. is made D. are made40. Your trousers _ dirty; you must have _ washed. A.is; it B. are; it C. are; them D. is; them41. Who _ th

25、e two women talking over there? A. is B. are C. was D. be 42. The population of this town _ 300, 000. A. are B. is C. have D. has43.She is the only one of the _writers who _ stories for children.A.woman ,writers B.woman ,writeC.women,writes D.women, write44.When and where to meet _.A.Has discussed B.have discussedC.Has been discussed D.have been discussed45.The music they played _ very wonderful.A.is B.sound C.are D. listens专心-专注-专业