教师资格《初中英语学科知识与教学能力》第二章英语教学知识（下）.docx

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1、教师资格初中英语学科知识与教学能力第二章英语教学知识（下）材料题（江南博哥）根据以下材料，回答110-114题。There are people who are especially attracted to the notion of climbing the ladder so as to increase their status, financial position, and sense of self-worth. In part, as a result of the work ethic,these people are internallydriven to work. No

2、t infrequently, foreign visitors have observed that Americans spend an inordinate (过度的) amount of time working and, as a consequence, Americans have little time for leisure or personal relationships.In American English, a new word workaholic has been created to describe an individual who is as addic

3、ted to work as an alcoholic is to liquor.There are conflicting points of view about workaholics. Those concerned with problems of mental stress believe workaholics abuse themselves physically and mentally.Others hold that workaholics are valuable members of society because they are extremely product

4、ive. The American culture values achievement, efficiency, and production-a workaholic supports these values.Despite the presence of workaholics, there is a growing realization in the United States that excessive work demands can be physically and mentally harmful. Many people have been rebelling aga

5、inst the work ethic, claiming that when a job is so important, personal relationships suffer and relaxation becomes secondary.Consequently, there has been a shift in values, with more emphasis being given to personal relationships and non-work activities.Increased leisure time in the United States h

6、as not changed the idea that work and play are distinct activities. There is a belief that it is desirable to work hard and play hard and undesirable to combine the two. In many offices, stores and factories socializing among employees is discouraged. An employee under pressure at work often cannot

7、afford to respond to social calls and visits. However, the amount of personal contact on the job depends on the nature of the work.People are ambivalent toward work; it is, at the same time, glorified and belittled.In the words of former President Richard Nixon: The work ethic holds that labor is go

8、od in itself; that a man or woman becomes a better person by virtue of the act of working. Americas competitive spirit,the work ethic of this people, is alive and well . Another viewpoint is expressed in an Anacin commercial:I like my job and am good at it, but it sure grinds me down (折磨) sometimes,

9、 and the last thing I need to take home is a headache.110 单选题 The author states that workaholics_. 查看材料A.abuse themselves physically and mentallyB. are highly productive members of societyC.torture themselves physicallyD. both A and B正确答案：D 参考解析：细节题。作者在第二段指出对于工作狂，人们有两种不同的观点。一种观点认为“workaholics abuse

10、themselves physically and mentally”；另一种观点则认为“workaholics are valuable members of society because they are extremely productive”。故本题选D。111 单选题 Why have some people begun to place less emphasis on work and more on non-work activities? 查看材料A.Because they realize that work is not useful.B.Because they r

11、ealize that leisure time should be enjoyed.C.Because they realize that excessive work demands can be harmful to their health.D.Because they realize that having friends is not as necessary as working.正确答案：C 参考解析：细节题。根据文章第三段开头“there is a growing realization in the United States that excessive work dem

12、ands can be physically and mentally harmful”可知，人们开始意识到过度的工作会对健康造成损害。故本题选C。112 单选题 The reason why some people dont socialize with their co-workers on the job is that_. 查看材料A.they consider work and play separate activitiesB. they have nothing in common with their fellow workersC. they feel that social

13、izing with them well create problems at homeD. they feel that socializing with them may result in emotional problems正确答案：A 参考解析：细节题。文章第四段开头“the idea that work and play are distinct activities”指出人们认为工作和娱乐是两种独立分开的活动。故本题选A。113 单选题 The difference between Nixons view of work and the view expressed on the

14、 TV commercial for Anacin is that_. 查看材料A.the former is true; the latter is falseB. the former is a fact; the latter is an opinionC. the former is a glorification of work; the latter is notD. the former is an opinion; the latter is a fact正确答案：C 参考解析：细节题。文章最后一段指出“People are ambivalent toward work；it

15、is，at the same time，glorified and belittled”，即工作同时受到赞扬和贬低；接着就列举了Nixon的观点和Anacin这种药的广告词来阐释对工作的这两种看法。故本题选C。114 单选题 Which of the following statements is NOT true? 查看材料A.Workaholics may suffer from mental problem.B.Americans have changed the belief that work and play are distinct activities.C. An employ

16、ee under pressure is hard to get involved in social activities.D.Americans have little time for personal relationships because they have to work.正确答案：B 参考解析：细节题。第二段提到“Those concerned with problems of mental stress believe workaholics abuse themselves physically and mentally”，故排除A。根据第四段中的“Increased l

17、eisure time in the United States has not changed the idea that work and play are distinct activities”可知，B项说法不正确。根据第四段中的“An employee under pressure at work often cannot afford to respond to social calls and visits”可知，C项说法正确。根据第一段中的“Americans spend an inordinate(过度的)amount of time working andhave litt

18、le time for leisure or personal relationships”可知D项说法正确。故本题选B。115 单选题 When teachers teach pronunciation to students, which of the following suggestions is useless?A.Use hands and arms to conduct choral pronunciation practice.B. Move around the classroom when doing choral practice.C. Try to use visual

19、 aids.D. Rely on explanations.正确答案：D 参考解析：本题考查语音教学。教师进行语音教学时，要坚持准确性、趣味性等原则，灵活运用教学方法。A、B、C三项均可以在语音教学中使用，D项“依赖于解释”不适用于语音教学。故本题选D。116 单选题 If a teacher says a key word “travel” and asks students to write down all the words they can think of connected with “travel” in two minutes. What kind of method doe

20、s the teacher take to consolidate the students vocabulary?A.Word association.B. Word bingo.C. Word collocation.D. Word labeling.正确答案：A 参考解析：本题考查词汇教学。题干：教师说出关键词“travel”，让学生在两分钟内尽可能多地写下与此相关的词语。该教师采用了哪种巩固学生词汇的方法?word association“词语联想”，word bing。“单词宾果游戏”，word collocation“词语搭配”，word labeling“单词贴标签”。由题干可知

21、，该教师采用的是词语联想的方法。故本题选A。材料题根据以下材料，回答117-117问题。Frenchmen attach great importance to education. They regard the cultivation of children as a social obligation. French education mixes warm romantic humor into its careful and severe education. I have ever heard such a story:It took place in an ordinary Fr

22、ench family. One day, when the boy was playing basketball,the ball hit a vase off the shelf with its mouth knocked off a large piece. The vase was an antique handed down through generations from Bourbon Dynasty. To cover the great trouble, the boy glued the pieces together and put the vase back to i

23、ts place panic-stricken.That evening his mother noticed the change on it. At dinnertime, she asked her boy if he had broken the vase. Being scared of punishment, the boy said by a sudden inspiration that a cat jumped in from the window and knocked the vase off the shelf. His mother was quite clear t

24、hat her son was lying, for all the windows were closed before her leaving. However, she just said that it seemed it washer carelessness not to have the window tightly closed.Before going to bed, the boy found a note on his bed, on which he was asked to go to the study.The boy had thought he had gott

25、en by under false pretences, but then felt he couldnt dodge the misfortune. Now that he had already lied, he made up his mind no matter what his mother said, he would disavow to the end.On seeing her son enter in fear, his mother took out a chocolate box and gave one piece of the chocolates to her s

26、on. Baker, this chocolate is a reward for you, for you created a cat with your special imagination. Then, she put another chocolate in his hand. This chocolate is a reward for your ability to restore. But the glue you used is for restoring paper materials; tore store a vase needs higher special tech

27、nique. Tomorrow, lets bring the vase to the artists to see how they make acraftwork intact as it was. With that, she took the third chocolate. The last chocolate stands for my apology. I shouldnt have laid a vase in a place where it could so easily fall down. I wish you hadnt been scared, my little

28、sweetheart.But,Mom, I . The boy tried to make something clear, but he awkwardly uttered nothing but some words. Our talk is over. Good night,Baker! She gave a soft kiss on his forehead and walked out of the study.The following days were the same as before. The only change was that the boy had never

29、told a lie since then.No scolding. It looks unimaginably queer. In fact, the three chocolates are the alarm in the boys heart all the time. Sometimes, no punishment itself is a kind of punishment.117 单选题 How did the boy feel when he found the note on his bed? 查看材料A.Doubtful.B. Calm.C.Uneasy.D.Embarr

30、assed.正确答案：C 参考解析：推断题。定位到原文第四段。小男孩发现纸条后，明白自己之前撒的谎并没有蒙混过关，也避免不了惩罚了，当然会感到uneasy(不安的)。下一段的开头“her son enter in fear”也表明了小男孩是害怕、不安的。故本题选C。材料题根据以下材料，回答118-118问题。Frenchmen attach great importance to education. They regard the cultivation of children as a social obligation. French education mixes warm roman

31、tic humor into its careful and severe education. I have ever heard such a story:It took place in an ordinary French family. One day, when the boy was playing basketball,the ball hit a vase off the shelf with its mouth knocked off a large piece. The vase was an antique handed down through generations

32、 from Bourbon Dynasty. To cover the great trouble, the boy glued the pieces together and put the vase back to its place panic-stricken.That evening his mother noticed the change on it. At dinnertime, she asked her boy if he had broken the vase. Being scared of punishment, the boy said by a sudden in

33、spiration that a cat jumped in from the window and knocked the vase off the shelf. His mother was quite clear that her son was lying, for all the windows were closed before her leaving. However, she just said that it seemed it washer carelessness not to have the window tightly closed.Before going to

34、 bed, the boy found a note on his bed, on which he was asked to go to the study.The boy had thought he had gotten by under false pretences, but then felt he couldnt dodge the misfortune. Now that he had already lied, he made up his mind no matter what his mother said, he would disavow to the end.On

35、seeing her son enter in fear, his mother took out a chocolate box and gave one piece of the chocolates to her son. Baker, this chocolate is a reward for you, for you created a cat with your special imagination. Then, she put another chocolate in his hand. This chocolate is a reward for your ability

36、to restore. But the glue you used is for restoring paper materials; tore store a vase needs higher special technique. Tomorrow, lets bring the vase to the artists to see how they make acraftwork intact as it was. With that, she took the third chocolate. The last chocolate stands for my apology. I sh

37、ouldnt have laid a vase in a place where it could so easily fall down. I wish you hadnt been scared, my little sweetheart.But,Mom, I . The boy tried to make something clear, but he awkwardly uttered nothing but some words. Our talk is over. Good night,Baker! She gave a soft kiss on his forehead and

38、walked out of the study.The following days were the same as before. The only change was that the boy had never told a lie since then.No scolding. It looks unimaginably queer. In fact, the three chocolates are the alarm in the boys heart all the time. Sometimes, no punishment itself is a kind of puni

39、shment.118 单选题 Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? 查看材料A.The broken vase was beautifully restored.B. The three chocolates served as a reminder.C. The boys mother forgot to close the window.D. What the boy said was well prepared and designed.正确答案：B 参考解析：细节题。A项“破碎的花瓶被完美地修复了”，原文中母亲

40、说虽然胶水把碎片几乎完美地粘在一起，但那胶水是用来修复纸张的；修复花瓶不仅需要更强有力的胶水，还需要很高的技巧。C项“小男孩的母亲忘记关窗户了”，第三段最后两句讲小男孩的母亲很清楚孩子在撒谎，因为她把所有的窗户都关好后才离开家的，然而面对孩子的谎言，母亲只是说，看来是她疏忽了，没有关好窗户。D项“小男孩说的话是精心准备和设计好的”，第三段第三句讲他是灵机一动想出来的。以上三项均与原文不符。B项与最后一段中的“the three chocolates are the alarm in the boys heart all the time”对应，意思是这三块巧克力一直被小男孩记在心里，时时刻刻提

41、醒他要保持诚实。故本题选B。材料题根据以下材料，回答119-119问题。Frenchmen attach great importance to education. They regard the cultivation of children as a social obligation. French education mixes warm romantic humor into its careful and severe education. I have ever heard such a story:It took place in an ordinary French fam

42、ily. One day, when the boy was playing basketball,the ball hit a vase off the shelf with its mouth knocked off a large piece. The vase was an antique handed down through generations from Bourbon Dynasty. To cover the great trouble, the boy glued the pieces together and put the vase back to its place

43、 panic-stricken.That evening his mother noticed the change on it. At dinnertime, she asked her boy if he had broken the vase. Being scared of punishment, the boy said by a sudden inspiration that a cat jumped in from the window and knocked the vase off the shelf. His mother was quite clear that her

44、son was lying, for all the windows were closed before her leaving. However, she just said that it seemed it washer carelessness not to have the window tightly closed.Before going to bed, the boy found a note on his bed, on which he was asked to go to the study.The boy had thought he had gotten by un

45、der false pretences, but then felt he couldnt dodge the misfortune. Now that he had already lied, he made up his mind no matter what his mother said, he would disavow to the end.On seeing her son enter in fear, his mother took out a chocolate box and gave one piece of the chocolates to her son. Bake

46、r, this chocolate is a reward for you, for you created a cat with your special imagination. Then, she put another chocolate in his hand. This chocolate is a reward for your ability to restore. But the glue you used is for restoring paper materials; tore store a vase needs higher special technique. T

47、omorrow, lets bring the vase to the artists to see how they make acraftwork intact as it was. With that, she took the third chocolate. The last chocolate stands for my apology. I shouldnt have laid a vase in a place where it could so easily fall down. I wish you hadnt been scared, my little sweethea

48、rt.But,Mom, I . The boy tried to make something clear, but he awkwardly uttered nothing but some words. Our talk is over. Good night,Baker! She gave a soft kiss on his forehead and walked out of the study.The following days were the same as before. The only change was that the boy had never told a lie since then.No scolding. It looks unimaginably queer. In fact, the three chocolates are the alarm in the boys heart all the time. Sometimes, no punishment itself is a kind of punishment.119 单选题 What would be the best title for th