牛津英语七下知识点(共16页).docx

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上名词n. 动词v. 介词prep. 形容词adj. 副词adv. 代词pron. 连词conj.7B Unit 1 Dream homes1. PassageMy dream home is very large. There are at least twenty-five rooms. It has three floors. I have a computer room on the ground floor. I have my own bedroom and bathroom. They are very large and are on the secon

2、d floor.The other rooms are on the ground and first floors. I have big beds in all the bedrooms. They are very comfortable. Many friends can stay with me at my home.There is also a swimming pool. Its fifty metres long. I do not have a garden, but I have a football field. I can play football with my

3、friends there. I have a room with twelve showers and four baths. I would like all my friends to have a shower or a bath at the same time.2. Word and phrase1) would like: 想要 （ =want）would like sth./would like to do sth. feel like :想要 feel like sth/feel like doing sth.例：I feel like/would like?a cup of

4、 coffee.我想喝杯咖啡。Would you like to go shopping with me? 你愿意和我一起去购物吗？肯定回答：Sure, that sounds great.或 Yes, Id love/like to.否定回答：Id love to, but 或Thank you, but Im afraid I dont have time.2) look out :向外看，后接宾语要用介词。 例：The old man often looks out of the window at the children in the street.那位老人总是朝窗外看街上的孩子们。

5、 Look out！= Be careful！小心，当心 look out at the beach:看着外面的沙滩3）share sth. with sb. 与某人分享某物 例：Tom shared his birthday cake with his friends.Is?this seat?taken? 这个座位有人吗？4）in front of :在前面（指物体外部的前面） In the front of:在前部（指物体内部的前部） 例：There is a big tree in front of our school gate. 我们学校门前有一棵大树Our teacher is

6、standing in the front of the classroom.我们老师正站在教室的前面5）cant wait to do sth.迫不及待想做某事 cant stand sth/sb./doing sth:无法忍受某事/某人/做某事 例：She cant wait to go on holiday. 她迫不及待地想去度假I cant stand the cold. 这么冷我受不了.I cant stand him any further. 我对他忍无可忍。He cant stand traveling in the rush hour. 他受不了在交通最繁忙时出游。6）on t

7、he +序数词+floor：在第几层楼 The flat is on the seventh floor.在英国，人们通常将一楼称为ground floor,而将二楼称为first floor，三楼称为second floor，但在美国，人们通常将一楼直接称为first floor，二楼称为second floor，三楼称为third floor7）live with:和某人住在一起 例： I live with my family in a wooden house.我和我家人住在一座木屋里。8）get into:进入 get to = reach = arrive in/at:到达 例：I

8、 climb a ladder to get into my house. 我爬梯子进入我家。 When will you get to/reach Beijing? 你什么时候到达北京？9）The second child:第二个孩子 例：Im the second child of my family.我是我们家第二个孩子10）in the centre of:在中心 I live in the centre of AKS.我住在阿克苏的中心3. Grammarl 数词1) 基数词1=one2=two3=three4=four5=five8=eight序数词1st=first2nd=sec

9、ond3rd=third4th=fourth5th=fifth8th=eighth基数词9=nine12=twelve13=thirteen20=twenty21=twenty-one30=thirty序数词9th=ninth12th=twelfth13th=thirteenth20th=twentieth21st=twenty-first30th=thirtieth2) 数字的读法l 在英式英语中，一个数的最后两位(百位和十位/十位和个位)得用“and，但美式英语中则不用。如：3，077读作：E: three thousand and seventysevenU.S：three thousa

10、nd seventyseven202读作：two hundred(and)two234读作：two hundred(and)thirty-four 1， 234读作：one thousand two hundred(and)thirty-four11，234读作：eleven thousand two hundred(and)，thirtyfour155,721读作：one hundred(and) fifty-five thousand seven hundred(and)twenty-one6，155，702读作：six million one hundred(and)fifty-five

11、 thousand seven hundred and two26，000，008读作：twenty-six million and eight326，414，718读作：three hundred(and)twenty-six million，four hundred(and)fourteen thousand，seven hundred(and)eighteenl two thousand , three hundred hundred/thousand不用加-s3) 分数小数和百分比A. 分数: 分子用基数词表示，分母用序数词表示。先读分子，后读分母。当分子大于1时，分母要加“s”。例如

12、1/2读作：aone half(口语中更倾向于用“a”代替“one”)1/3读作：aone third1/8读作：anone eighth1/4读作：aone quarter(fourth)2/3读作：two thirdsB小数: 小数点“”读“point”93，64m读作：ninety-three point six four metersC百分比“percent25读作twenty-five percent113读作eleven point three percent(4)年代及日期的读法数字表示的年份通常分成两半来说。2000BC读作：two thousand BC1558读作：fift

13、een fifty-eight921读作：nine twenty-one日期的表达英式和美式有所不同，请注意区别。在日期的写法上，英式先写日子，美式先写月份。英1999年4月6日=6th April l999美1999年4月6日=April 6，1999在读法上，英国人有两种表达方式：1April the sixth，nineteen ninety-nine2The sixth of April，nineteen ninety-nine美国人则一般这样表示：April sixth，nineteen ninety-nine(省略“the)(5)钟点的读法7：00 seven oclock amp

14、m8：15 a quarter past eighteight fifteen9：30 half past ninenine thirty9：45 a quarter to tennine forty-five10：03 three(minutes)pasttenten ohthree(6)电话号码、温度与门牌号的读法A电话号码3456638读作：three four five，double six three eight3074922读作：three o seven，four nine double two B温度表示温度有华氏(Fahrenheit)和摄氏(Centigrade)两种。英美

15、均使用华氏作为温度的计量单位。摄氏用法现已日渐普及。15读作：fifteen degrees Centigrade-5C读作：five degrees below zeroC门牌号门牌号遇三位数分别读出各数字，遇四位数时则分成两半来读。例如：Room 302读作：Room three Of twothree zero two3491 King Street读作：thirty-four ninety-one King Stred l 介词1) before时空在之前， after之后off远。 直上 over，above斜， under，below下相反。 直到till，on表面， 穿过thro

16、ugh，for因缘。 by表旁边in里面， with伴随by车船。 时间地点at、in、on， 二者between多among， behind后面beside旁， 附近near沿着along。 from来自like像， 表示目的for，to到。 of所属周围round， 向上up向下down。 beyond超出、无、不能，against靠着，对与反。 besides，except分内外，among之内along沿。 同类比较except，加for异类记心间。 原状because of,、 owing to、 due to表语形容词 under后接修、建中，of、from物、化分。 before

17、、after表一点, ago、later表一段。 before能接完成时，ago过去极有限。 since以来during间，since时态多变换。 2) in front of :在前面（指物体外部的前面） In the front of:在前部（指物体内部的前部） The window is opposite the door. opposite 相对，相反 beside/ next to 邻近，旁边； near 附近 inside / outside; across: 横穿，从表面穿过； through ：纵穿，从中间穿过3) In+段时间：表将来 ； after + 时间点表将来例; I

18、 will go to Beijing in three days. 我三天后去北京。I will go to Beijing after Wednesday.4) 时间地点at、in、onat小时间几点钟时The film starts at six oclock.三餐I read the newspaper at breakfast.节日People give presents at Christmas.年龄Children in China go to school at 7.on具体时间星期几We start school on Monday.日期The holiday starts

19、on 2nd July.被修饰的时间We have a party on the evening of January1st .The little match girl died on a cold morning.in大时间早中晚 (at noon/night)The party is in the evening/morning/afternoon.月份Christmas is in December.季节In the north of China, its very cold in winter.年My cousin was born in 1990.7B Unit 2 Welcome

20、 to Sunshine Town1. Passage1）Sunshine Town is a new town in Beijing, the capital of China. Its only 40 minutes from the centre of Beijing by underground. There is less air pollution in Sunshine Town than in other areas of Beijing. There is a country park. The country park is beautiful. Its name is S

21、unshine Park. You can go walking there. You can see green hills, trees and lakes too.2) Eat Chinese food? If so, you are here in the right place! How many restaurants are there in Sunshine Town? Its hard to say. You can choose any food you like in Sunshine Town. You can try Beijing Duck in one of th

22、e Chinese restaurants in Star Shopping Mall. How much Beijing Duck can you eat? If you dont like Chinese food, There are lots of Western restaurants too.2. Word and phrase1) have to do sth. 必须/不得不做某事（客观） must:必须（主观）dont/doesnt have to do sth .= needn t do sth. 不必做某事 例：She has to get up at 9 oclock e

23、very morning. 她不得不在每天早上9点钟起床。You dont have to walk so fast. = You neednt walk so fast. 你没必要走这么快。We must stop now. 我们必须现在停止。 注：以must 开头的疑问句，肯定回答用must,否定回答常用neednt.问：Must I finish the work today? 我必须今天完成这项工作吗？答：Yes, you must.是的，你必须。 No, you neednt. 不，你不必。2）order：订购/点（酒，菜等）例:Id like to order a fish, pl

24、ease.我想点条鱼 Maybe we can order a pizza.也许我们能订个比萨饼。3) until:用语肯定句中，意为“直到为止”；用于否定句中，意为“直到才” 例： He sleeps until seven oclock every day. 他每天一直睡到7点钟。He doesnt wake up until seven oclock every day.他每天直到7点钟才醒。4）else:另外，其他，常用语疑问词或不定代词之后。 例：What else do you want to buy? 其它我们还需要买什么? Do you want anything else?

25、你还想要其它东西吗？5）show sb. around 带某人参观（某处）例：Im going to show you around my home town.我准备带你参观一下我的家乡。5）常见的复合不定代词 everyone人人 anyone任何人 everybody每人 anybody任何人anything任何事 everything每件事someone某人 no one 没人 somebody某人 nobody没有人 something某事 nothing没有东西注：复合不定代词做主语，谓语动词用单数。形容词或else修饰复合不定代词要放在复合不定代词后面例：Everyone is h

26、ere.大家到齐了 Something is wrong with my car. 我的车子出了点毛病 I have something important to tall you.我有一些重要的事情要告诉你。Can you find anyone else? 你能再找一个人吗？6）for example: For example, I am from China.7）be close to 靠近，接近 We like to live in tall buildings because we can be close to our friends.8) in the right place 在

27、适当的位置/在规定的地点 例：Put the luggage in the right place. 把行李安置好9）belong to:属于 例; This book belongs to me.这本书是我的3. Grammar冠词 ( a / an / the )l 冠词用法口诀：名词是秃子，常要戴帽子。 可数名词单，须用a或an； 辅音前用a, 元音前用an。 若为特指时，则须用定冠。 复数不可数，泛指冠不现；碰到代词时，冠词均不现。 my dog , my catl 例子1）a/an +可数名词单 （泛指） a dog , a cat , a unit ; an apple, an u

28、niversity, an hour2）the +单数可数名词 / 复数可数名词 / 不可数名词 （特指）the book（特指） ; the books（特指） ; the bread（特指）3）不用冠词 +复数可数名词 / 不可数名词 （泛指）books（泛指） ; bread（泛指） l 用定冠词的情况： 特指双熟悉，上文已提及，世上独一无二，序数最高级，富人伤员按天算，方位乐器影剧院。普专复数姓氏前the Greens，习语及乐器。 注（1）the用在“特指”谈话双方都知道的某个人或某些人或物前。如： Where is the teacher？老师在哪里？ （2）the用在上文已提到的

29、人或事物前。如： I can see a cat. The cat is Lucys. 我能看见一只猫，那只猫是露茜的。 （3）the用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如： The earth goes around the sun. 地球围绕着太阳转。（4）the用在序数词或形容词最高级前。如： Mike is the tallest of the three boys. 迈克是三个男孩中最高的一个。（5）the用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。如：the Great Wall（长城），the Peoples Park（人民公园 ）等。（6）富人伤员按天算，方位乐器影剧院。 (the rich, t

30、he wounded; by the day; in the east; play the piano; the theatre )（7）击中脸，胳膊. He hit me on the face. （8）the用在一些习惯用语中或乐器名词前。play the piano（弹钢琴），in the day（在白天），in the daytime(在白天); in the morning/afternoon/evening; in the end(最后);all the time(一直)；at the same time(同时); at the age of (在.岁时)；at the begin

31、ning of (在开始时); at the moment(立刻)by the way(顺便说一下)；in the open air (在户外); on the other side of (在的另一边); on the other hand(在另一方面) in the middle of (在中间)l 不用冠词的情况： 代词限定名词前，专有名词不可数，复数名词表泛指，学科球类三餐饭，季节星期月份前，颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔。 注（1）名词前已有作定语用的this, that, these, those, my, your, his, her, our, their, some等限定词时

32、，不用冠词。如：this eraser, her pencil-box, some boxes, those women等。 （2）在表示学科的名词前一般不用冠词。如：Chinese, English, maths, physics, history等。（3）在三餐饭和球类运动名词前一般不加冠词。如：have breakfast/ lunch/ supper, play basketball/ football等。 （4）在季节、节日、星期、月份前不用冠词。如：autumn, summer, winter, spring, Teachers Day, Childrens Day, Sunday

33、, February等。 （5）在表颜色、语种和国家名词前不用冠词。如：white, brown, French, Australia等。 （6）在表示称呼语的名词之前，以及职务、头衔的名词前不用冠词。如： Doctor Green is a scientist. 格林博士是位科学家。（7）在一些习惯用语中不用冠词day and night(日日夜夜); face to face(面对面)；side by side（肩并肩）；step by step(一步一步地); watch TV; in danger(在危险中) ；in trouble (在困境中)；at school/work/home

34、(在学校、在工作、在家); at first/last(首先、最后); on time(准时)；in time(及时)； in bed(卧病在床); on duty/watch(值班)；at noon/night/dawn(在黎明); on foot; by bus/ship; go to school/work7BUnit 3 Finding your way1. Passage Millie: Hi, Neil. Im going to have a party at my place next Monday. Its at three oclock. Would you like to

35、come? Neil: Yes, Id love to come. How do I get there? Millie: Its easy to walk from your building to mine. Just turn left at your building. Walk straight on and you will see the traffic lights. Then cross the road. Walk towards the market and take the first turning on your left. youll then see Garde

36、n Building on your left. I live in Flat 603.Neil: Thanks, Millie. See you there.2. Word and phrase1) be+方位词+of(某地)在的方向 例：Our school is southeast of the park.2）try to do sth. 或 do ones best to do sth. 表示“尽力做某事，试图做某事”例：He tries to open the door but fails.他试图打开门，但是没有成功。3) fail to do sth.未能（做到） 例：He fai

37、led to become a famous pop singer.他没能成为着名的流行歌手。4） work:除了表示“工作”之外，还表示“奏效，产生预期的结果或作用”例,Your plan will not work.你的计划行不通。5）序数词前面通常要加定冠词the,但如果序数词用来表示街道名称时，前面一般不需要加冠词。例：Lets run to the police station on Forth Street.我们跑到第四大街的警察局吧6）be surprised to do sth.很惊奇地例： He is surprised to see the three men in the

38、 police station.他很惊讶的发现那三个人居然也在警察局里。sb.+be interested in sth./be interested in doing sth.:某人对某物/做某事感兴趣例：Im interesting in playing football.我喜欢踢足球。be pleased to do sth.:很高兴做某事Im quite pleased to hear such good news.听到这么好的消息我很高兴。7）cross：（v.）穿过 across：(prep.)从一边倒另一边，横过。通常表示“从平面穿过”through：(prep)穿过，贯穿。通常

39、表示“从空间穿过”He is going across the street.= He is crossing the street. 他正穿过街道。例：go through the woods:穿过树林 come through the window:通过窗子进来 swim across the pool:游过水池 go across the desert:穿过沙漠8) the way to:去的路 on ones way to:在某人去某地的路上 Can you tell me the way to No.4 middle school? 你能告诉我去第四中学怎么走吗？ I met him

40、 on my way to school.我在去学校的路上遇见了他。问路的几种表达方法：Can you tell me the way to? Can you tell me which is the way to?Can you tell me how to get to? Can you tell how I can get to?Excuse me, where is?9）bring:带来 take:带走 fetch:接来,取来,带来（有一个往返的过程）Bring me the book.把那本书带给我Please take me home.请把我带回家。Please fetch me

41、the dictionary. 请去把词典拿来给我。10）go down: 下去, 下沉,沿着走 go up:上去 go down,go along,walk down,walk along沿着走 Lets do down here.我们从这儿下去。 I think we have to go up now.我认为我们现在得上去了 Go down this street.沿着这条街走。 turn left/right:向左/右转 例： I go down Seventh Street and turn left into Park Road.我沿着第七大街走然后左转进入公园路 take the

42、+序数词+turning on the left/right:在第个转弯处向左/右转Take the second turning on the left.在第二个转弯处向左转。Take the first turning on the right.在第一个转弯处向右转。 past:经过 Walk past the police station.经过公安局。go straight ahead. 一直向前走 go straight on径直往前走. walk towards:朝走 at the traffic lights: 在红绿灯处 例：Cross the road at the traff

43、ic lights.在红绿灯处穿过马路。 jump out of:从跳出 drive to: 开车去(某地) run out of: 跑出 get out of:出去，下去3. Grammar一、will 和shall的用法： shall和will作为助动词可以与动词原形一起构成一般将来时，作为“将要”讲时。shall 只能用于第一人称，will可以用于所有的人称。I shall study harder at English. 我将更加努力地学习英语。I shall not come if it rains tomorrow. 如明天下雨我就不来。关于“shallwill”的用法的五个规则：

44、 说或写都尽量使用“Ill, Youll, Hell , Shell , Itll, Well , Theyll ”的简缩形。例如： Ill answer your question. 要表达主语的“意志”，通常都用“will”（文法上称为意志将来。） I wont see him again. 我不愿意再和他见面。 Who will go and help that poor old man? 谁愿意去帮助那个可怜的老人？ 说话者要把自己的“意志”表达或行使出去，通常用“shall”。 You shall not do that again. 你不可以再做那样的事。 He shall ret

45、urn that book tomorrow. 明天他必须把那本书归还。 第一人称问句使用“shall”。 Shall I call you a taxi? 需要我替你叫一辆出租车吗？ Shall we tell her the truth? 我们可以把实情告诉她吗？ 问句是“Shall?”，答句就用“shall ”；问句用“Will ？”，答句就用“will ”。 Shall you go to school tomorrow? 你明天须要上学去吗？ Yes, I shall. Well have an exam. 是的，我必须去。我们明天有考试。 Will you go to school with me tomorrow? 明天你要不要和我一道去学校？ No, I wont. Im going on a picnic. 我不要。我已定好要去郊游。 注：Lets ”的附加疑问通常使用“, shall we ?”。 Lets have a rest, shall we? 我们休息一下，怎样？ 一般将来时除了使用“shallwill + V”以外，也可以使用下列的几种句式来表达。 1be going to + V原 （即将会；打算将） It