仁爱八年级下unit7知识点总结(共8页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上Unit7Topic 1.重点词汇：（一） 词形转换：1.success(形容词)successful 2.invitation(动词)invite 3.tooth(复数)teeth4.friendly(比较级)more friendly 5.Russia(形容词)Russian 6.Africa(形容词)African7.India(形容词)Indian 8.sandwich(复数)sandwiches9.supply(复数)supplies 10.post(名词)poster（二）重点词组：hear of 听说make money 挣钱be pleased to

2、do 很高兴做某事think about 思考，思索think over 仔细考虑make a poster 做海报Organize a Food Festival 举办美食节turn to sb./sth. 求助于，求教于chat with sb. 和某人交谈/聊天whats more 而且never mind 没关系work hard at 在方面努力学习重点句型：1.Do you know about Daniel Igali ? 你知道丹尼尔艾格雷吗？know about“了解”，know a lot about“对某事了解很深”，know a little about“对某事或某人了

3、解一些”，而know是“知道”，“认识”之意，如：I know her.我认识她。I know about her.我了解她。二者意思不同。2.I have heard of him.我从未听说过他。 hear of sb./sth“听说过某人或某事”hear + that从句“听说，得知”hear from sb.“收到某人的来信”hear“听见” listen“注意听”3.Ill think over how we should organize the food festival.我将仔细考虑我们应该怎样组织这次美食节活动。think over“仔细考虑”think of/about“考

4、虑，思考”think of 还有“想起”之意4.Lets try our best to make it successful.让我们尽力成功举办这次美食节活动。try ones best=do ones best尽力，努力make sb./sth. successful 使获得成功5.Whats more, Im sure that selling rice and dumpling dishes can make a lot of money.而且，我相信出售米饭和饺子会赚很多钱。Whats more (口语)而且，更有甚者She is a beautiful girl .Whats mo

5、re ,she is friendly to us.她是一个漂亮的女孩，而且对人也友好selling rice and dumpling dishes是v-ing分词短语做主语。6.Its a pleasure.用于感谢的答语还有：Thats Ok./Thats all right./Youre welcome./My pleasure.7.May I invite you to our food festival?Invite sb. to some place邀请某人去某处Invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做谋事 如：May I invite you to go shopp

6、ing with me?我能邀请你一起去购物吗？8.Extension six zero zero six, please. 请接分机号6006。相当于Can I have extension six zero zero six ,please ? 或Please dial extension six zero zero six.9.Keep trying.继续努力吧。Keep(on)doing sth.继续/重复做某事Keep sb./sth.doing sth. 让某人持续做某事；让某事持续进行 如：He kept writing all the night.他整晚在写作。Ill try

7、not to keep you waiting.我会尽量不让你久等。10.It has very few school supplies.学校设施简陋。句中supplies是作名词用。如：very few school supplies,这里supplies是名词复数，译为“学校设施简陋”，supply作为动词用，意为“提供”、“供应”。如：The school supplies books for/to the children.=The school supplies the children with books.-学校提供孩子们书籍。即：supply sth.to/for sb.或su

8、pply sb. with sth.11.Our students will sell many delicious international foods in order to raise money for a village school in Nigeria.为了给尼日利亚一所乡村学校筹钱，我们学生将出售许多美味的国际食品。in order to意为“为了”，它引导的动词不定式短语作目的状语。否定结构 用in order not to ,比so as to正式，也可以用so that代替。如： -Hell try his best to work hard in order to/s

9、o as to catch up with his classmates.=Hell try his best to work hard so that he can catch up with his classmates. 他将尽全力努力学习为了能赶上他的同学。raise money集资，筹款 语法学习：宾语从句 宾语从句在句中起宾语的作用。它可以作动词的宾语，也可以作介词、不定式、分词、动名词以及某些形容词的宾语，宾语从句可以由连词that, whether, if, 代词who, whose, what, which和副词when, where, how, why等引导。现先着重介绍连

10、词that引导的宾语从句。下面就举例说明：I think he will be all right in a few days. 我想他几天就会好了。Im afraid (that)you are wrong. 恐怕你错了。I dont think(that)you are right. 我认为你不对。I hope that youll be better soon. 我希望你很快康复。I heard that he joined the army. 我听说他参军了。Im glad that you are ready to help others. 我很高兴你乐意帮助别人。学习宾语从句应注意

11、几点：(1).引导词 (2).时态（时态一致） (3).语序（陈述）征求对方意见或提建议的句型。提建议、征询对方意见的四种表达方式(1) Shall I (we) ? 常用在提供帮助，提出建议，要求给以指示和征求意见，常译为我（们），好吗？ 如：Shall I (we) open the window? 我（们）把窗户打开，好吗？(2) May I? 常用在征求对方意见的句子中，常译为“我可以吗？” 如：May I invite you to organize the Food Festival with me ? 我可以邀请你和我一起组织这次美食节吗？(3) Will you ? 常用于请求

12、对方完成某一动作，同时征求对方意见，常译为“请你好吗？”如：Will you please call me this evening?请你今晚打电话给我好吗？(4) Would you like to? Would like to do sth. 想要做某事。如：Would you like to eat another mooncake?你想再来一块月饼吗？日常交际用语：谈论社交活动中有关常见的日常交际用语Shall we have a food festival to make money for his school ?May I invite you to our food festi

13、val ?Id love to, but Im afraid I have no time.Will you please tell me something about?Whats up ?Thank you for inviting me to your food festival.Topic2重点词汇：（一）词形转换：1.cook(名词)cook/cooker 2.fine(副词)finely 3.gentle(副词)gently4.noise(形容词)noisy 5.noisy(副词)noisily 6.hot（名词）heat7.polite(反义词)impolite 8.proud(

14、名词)pride（二）重点词组：1.be ready to do sb./sth. 乐意/准备做某事2.be kind to sb./sth . 对某人/某物友好3.slicefinely 精细地把切小4.for a few minutes 过了一会儿5.fillwith 用装满6.drink to somebody 为干杯（或祝酒）7.finish doing 做完某事8.sit down at the table 坐在桌子旁边9.at table 吃饭，就餐10.start with 以开始11.raise glass 举杯12.take a sip 喝一小口13.around the w

15、orld=all over the world=in the world 世界各地二.重点句型：1.You often teach me to be kind to the poor and the old. 你经常教我要善待穷人和老人。teach sb. to do sth.教某人（如何）做某事 be kind to do sth. kind是形容词，译为“善待某人”2.Would you like me to help you? 你需要我的帮忙吗？该句表示“客气的请求”，相当于Would you like + to do?或Will you please + do?另外like sb. t

16、o do sth.,这里like是动词，相当于want,译为“要某人做某事”。3.Its very kind of you. 你真是太好了。该句等同于You are very kind.4.After that, fill bowels 70%80% full with bone soup slowly.之后，慢慢地在碗里加78分的骨头汤。fill with“用装满”,fill用作动词，构成be filled with等同于be full of译为“充满，装满” 如：Fill the glass with water.往杯子里注满水（强调动作）The glass is filled of wa

17、ter.= The glass is full of water. 杯子里装满了水（强调状态） 5.Its not impolite to smoke during a meal in France. 在法国，吃饭时吸烟不是不礼貌的。 During是介词，后常跟名词或短语，而while是连词，后常跟从句。如： What did you do during the summer holiday? 在暑假期间你做了什么？这里不能用while代替。6.what does the dinner start with ? 晚餐先吃什么？begin/start with 以开始，如：Lets start

18、our class with Unit 1.让我们从第一单元开始上课。7.Never drink too much during a dinner. 就餐时千万别喝太多。too much 是用来修饰不可数名词，too many是修饰可数名词，而much too是修饰形容词和副词。如：too much water太多的水，too many trees太多的树木，much too tired太累了 8.In parts of India, they use their fingers and bread to pick up the food .在印度地区，他们用手指和面包来抓食物。这里pick

19、up译为“抓起，拾起”，另外还有“（用车）接（人或物）之意。如：Ill come to pick you up.我会开车去接你。三、语法学习：1.宾语从句（二）宾语从句的第二种类型由if或whether连接词引导，语序要用陈述句语序，意思是“是否”“是不是”。如：I dont know if/whether it is fine tomorrow.(语序必须是陈述句的)Do you know if/whether hell come?I dont know if/whether hell come.（宾语从句用将来时态）比较:If he comes tomorrow, let me know.

20、(条件状语从句用现在时态)注：if引导状语从句，译为“如果”；引导宾语从句，译为“是否”，等同于whether。当宾语从句后面有or not时，一般用whether,不用if。2掌握并懂得正确应用It is+adj. + to do sth.句型It is+adj. + to do sth.句型中it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式。通常若主语太长，为避免头重脚轻，可用it 作形式主语，将动词不定式后置。如：It is necessary to study English hard.Its polite to smoke during a meal in France.四、日常交际用语：有关

21、就餐前的日常交际用语Whats the most popular in your restaurant ?.Whats your favorite Chinese dish?.Would you like me to help you? Of course. Its very kind of you.How do you to make it?It sounds difficult.Well done!Topic3.一、重点词汇：（一）词型转换：1.sell (名词)sale 2.buy (反义词) sell 3.else (同义词)other4.regular (副词)regularly 5

22、.noisily (比较级)more noisily 6.neatly (最高级)most neatly（二）重点词组：1.shine brightly 阳光灿烂2.many different delicious food 各种不同的可口食物3.on sale 上市，出售4.kindhearted 心地善良5.a table for two 一张双人桌6.have the bill=get/pay the bill 结帐，付帐7.go Dutch 各付各的帐/AA制8.main course 主食，主菜9.go well 进展顺利10.sell well 卖得很好11.be worth do

23、ing 值得做12.send to 把寄给13.send for 派人去请14.keep a balanced diet 保持日常饮食均衡15.not onlybut also 不但而且16.not all 并非所有的二、重点句型：1.enjoy yourselves! 祝你们玩得开心！enjoy oneself 相当于have a good /nice/great/wonderful time2.Anything else ? 还要别的吗？else译为“别的”“其他的”常修饰疑问词，不定代词并放在所修饰词的后面。如：what else, who else, nobody else, some

24、thing else等。other也表示“别的”“其他的”，但它修饰名词。如：some other people其他的一些人，other修饰名词people,不能用else代替。3.The Beijing roast duck smells nice and tastes nice, too. 北京烤鸭闻起来很香尝起来也香。 这里smell和taste都是系动词，后面加上形容词nice表语，构成系表结构，“系动词+adj.”构成系表结构，这类动词还有look, feel, sound, seem, get, turn, become, grow, make, keep等。 too, also,

25、 as well和either 都可以表示“也”，但用法不同：also较正式，位置通常接近动词，不用于句末：too多用于口语，位置通常在句末，前面常有逗号隔开，as well也多用于口语，只用于句末，以上3个词都不用于否定句，而either却用于否定句。如He also plays the piano.他也弹钢琴。He is a worker, too. 他也是个工人。He plays the guitars as well.他也弹吉他。He was not there ,either.他也不在那里。4.We must remember that we should eat not only

26、our favorite food but also other healthy food.我们必须记住我们不仅要吃我们喜欢吃的食物，而且还要吃其他有益健康的食物not onlybut also不但而且，这种结构属于“对称”的句型，要求only和also尽量用同样的词语，如：She not only reads English ,but also speaks French. 她不仅能看懂英语，而且还能说法语。5.The more regularly we eat, the healthier we are.我们的饮食越有规律，我们身体就越健康。The+比较级，the+比较级表越就越。如：Th

27、e more trees we plant, the more beautiful our city is.我们种越多的树，我们的城市就越漂亮。6.Not all students have a regular breakfast.并非所有的学生早餐饮食有规律。Not all译成“并非所有的”，是部分否定。如：Not all students like swimming. 并不是所有的学生喜欢游泳。语法学习：1.宾语从句第三种类是由what, which, whose , whom, who, where, when, why, how等引导，应注意语序变化（宾语从句是陈述语序）这类宾语从句是

28、由特殊问句转变而来的，要用wh特殊疑问词来引导，意义即为疑问词本身的含义。如：Tell me what you want.告诉我你想要什么？Can you hear what I said? 你能听见我说了什么吗？You may ask him when he come.你可以问他什么时候来。Do you know who will come at the meeting?你知道谁要来参加会议吗？Tell me how she looked after her operation.告诉我她术后恢复的怎么样。注意：(1)宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序，尤其要注意whether, if和wh疑问句引

29、导的宾语从句的语序，即按照主语，谓语的顺序。如：Do you know why winter is colder than summer?你知道为什么冬季比夏季冷吗？I dont know who all those people are.我不知道那些人是谁。(2)宾语从句要考虑“时态一致”即当主句是过去时，从句也要用过去的某一时态。如：He asked me which my favorite Chinese dish was.他问我最喜爱的中国菜是那一样。Did you know who they were?你知道他们是谁吗？(3)若宾语从句跟在动词think, believe, supp

30、ose, except等后面，表示“要”，“认为”，句子的否定在主句上，称“否定前移”。如：I dont think you are right.我认为你是不对的。You dont think he is right, do you? 你认为他是不对的，是吗？2.副词的比较级和最高级的构成 （1）规则副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则。如下表：单音节词或少数双音节词构成规则一般在词尾加er或est以e结尾的词加r或st以辅音字母+y结尾的词，改y为i,在加er或est例词fastfasterfastestlatelaterlatestearlyearlierearliest多音节词和部分双音节词构

31、成规则在词前加more或most例词slowlymore slowlymost slowlycarefullymore carefullymost carefully少数不规则副词的比较级和最高级的变化形式如下表：原级wellbadlylittlemuchfar比较级betterworselessmorefarther/further最高级bestworstleastmostfarthest/furthest(2) 副词比较等级的用法a. 同级比较：表示两者在某一方面程度相同时，用“as+副词原形+as”的句式；但表示前者不如后者时，用“not so(as)+副词原形+as”的句式。如；The

32、 boys are listening as carefully as the girls. 男生们跟女生们在一样认真地听。He didnt dance so(as) well as Jim. 他跳舞没有吉姆跳得好 b.比较级：表示一方程度比另一方更高时，用“副词比较级+than”的句式。在这一句式中，当than前后的动词相同时，通常用助动词代替后面的动词。该动词或助动词可以省略。副词比较级前常用much., a little, still, even表示“更”，这也可以作为判断比较级的依据。如： I sing better than she (does). 我唱歌比她唱得好。 My brot

33、her did much better in his lessons than I.我哥哥功课学得比我好多了。c.最高级：表示三个或三个以上的人或物的比较时，用副词最高级。结构为“the+副词最高级+比较范围。”其中的the常省去，比较范围常用of或in短语。如： Maria speaks English (the) best in our class. 在我们班上，玛丽亚英语讲得最好。 He studies (the) hardest of the three boys. 这三个男孩中，他学习最用功。四、日常交际用语：有关就餐时日常交际用语Here is the menu for you.May I take your order?Would you like to try?/start with?Id like,please.Which kind of drink would you like, beer, wine or tea? Anything else?No, thats all.May I have the bill?Lets go Dutch.专心-专注-专业