人教版八年级下册英语Unit 1知识点汇总.doc

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1、人教版八年级下册英语Unit 1知识点汇总Unit1 Whats the matter?一、重点短语归纳Section Ahave a cold 感冒 have a stomachache 胃痛 have a sore throat 嗓子痛 too much 太多lie down 躺下 take ones temperature 量体温 have a fever 发烧 have a headache 头痛sound like 听起来像 take breaks 休息 go to a doctor 去看医生 get off 下车to ones surprise 使.惊讶的 thanks to. 多

2、亏 in time 及时 right away 立即；马上get into trouble 陷入麻烦 fall down 摔倒 Section Bbe interested in. 对.感兴趣 be used to 习惯于. take risks 冒险because of 因为 run out 用尽 have problems breathing 呼吸困难 give up 放弃save ones life 挽救某人的生命 cut off 切除 get out of 离开；从.中出来be in control of 掌管 the importance of. .的重要性 so.that. 如此.

3、以至于.二、话题句型1.询问身体不舒服：(1) Whats wrong (with you)? Whats the matter/trouble (with you)?Whats your trouble? What happens to you?(Is there) anything wrong with you? 表示“你怎么了”。(2) How are you (feeling) now? 你现在觉得怎么样？Are you feeling better today? 你今天觉得好些了吗？(3) Do you have a headache/ a cough?(4) How long ha

4、ve you been like this？你像这样有多久了?2.叙述病情：(1) I dont feel very well. Im not feeling well! 我感到不舒服。(2) I have (got) a headache.我头疼。I have a sore throat.我嗓子疼。There is something wrong with my leg.我的腿有毛病了。(3) I feel terrible.我感到很难受。I feel even worse.我感到情况更糟糕了。(4) I dont feel like eating anything.我什么都不想吃。3.处置

5、或提出建议（Give advice）（a piece of advice）：(1)Open your mouth and say “Ah”张嘴说“啊”(2)Let me take your temperature.让我给你量量体温。(3)Theres nothing much wrong/serious with you.你没什么大问题。(4) You have got a bad cold.你患了重感冒。(5)You have to be in hospital.你得住院。(6)Youd better stay in bed for a few days.你最好卧床几天。(7)Take th

6、is medicine three times a day.这个药一天吃三次。(8)Take three pills before you go to bed.睡前服用三片(9)You should drink hot tea with honey.你应该喝加蜂蜜的热茶。(10)I hope you feel better soon.我希望你很快会好起来。三、同步知识梳理1.Whats the matter? 怎么啦？出什么事情了？【句法】用于询问某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻烦、问题其后跟询问对象时，与介词with连用。Whats the matter with sb? Whats your

7、trouble? = Whats up? Whats the matter with you? = Whats the trouble with you? = Whats wrong with you? =What happens to you? 你怎么了？【注】matter 和trouble为名词, 其前可加the 或形容词性物主代词; wrong 是形容词，不能加the.【拓展】matter的用法：It doesnt matter.没关系 （用来回答别人道歉时的用语）2. Shetalked too muchyesterday and didntdrink enough water. 她昨

8、天说话太多了并且没有喝足够的水。【词法1】too much/too many/much tootoo much太多: 1)后接不可数名词: There is too much rain these days.2)修饰动词，放在动词之后: Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.too many,多,后接可数名词复数: There are too many things for me to do every day.much too太,修饰形容词或副词: Its much too cold in winter.【词法2】enough的用法(1) adj

9、.足够的，充分的 修饰名词时，可放在名词之前或之后:enough time(2) adv. “足够地， 十分，相当”修饰adj./adv,放在adj./adv 后:expensive enough(3) be +adj. +enough to do sth : be strong enough to carry the box.3. WhatshouldI do? 我该怎么办呢？ Should I take my temperature? 我应该量一下体温吗？【词法1】should “应该” 情态动词，后跟动词原形，表示责任和义务 should not =shouldnt 不应该 主语+ sh

10、ould/ shouldnt + 动词原形. .【词法2】take ones temperature 量体温4. No, it doesntsound like you have a fever. 不需要， 听起来你不像发烧了。【词法1】sound like 听起来像， 后接名词或名词性短语作表语。It sounds like a good idea.【拓展】 “感官动词+ like feel like 摸起来像 smell like 闻起来像look like 看起来像 taste like 尝起来像【词法2】fever/ fi:v:(r)/n.发烧 have a fever 发烧在英语中，

11、表达“疼痛或不舒服”时的常用结构：(1)主语+have/has+a 病症:have a cold/feverhave a toothache have a headache have a coughhave a temperature have a earache注意have the flu(2)主语+have/has+a+sore+发病部位:sore 是一个独立的形容词，指的是身体某一部位的酸痛。 sore back, sore throat,sore back,sore neck.(3)have/has a pain in/on the +身体部位:I have a pain in the

12、 arm.我胳膊疼。(4)(There is)something wrong with +ones+部位:辨析 have a cold,catch/get a coldhave a cold 可以接一段时间，不能用于进行时catch/get 不能接一段时间，瞬间动作- How long have you had a cold?- I have a cold for 6 days.5. Youneed to takebreak away from the computer.你需要远离电脑，休息休息。【词法1】need v 需要用于肯定句是实义动词 (1) need sth 需要某物I need

13、your help. (2) 人做主语，sb need to do sth 某人需要做某事Do you need to drink more water? (3) 物做主语，sth need doing sth.= sth need to be done. My TV set needs repairing.用于否定句是情态动词 neednt = dont have to 没有必要 must ,need 引导的疑问句肯定回答用6. I think I satin the same wayfor too longwithout moving. 我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。【词法1】关

14、于way的常用词组on the way to在去的路上 in the way 挡路 out of the way 不再碍事by the way 顺便说一下in this way 用这种方法in a way 在某种程度上【词法2】without doing sth, without sthI usually go to school without eating breakfast.Without your help, I cant finish our work on time.7.At 9:00 a.m. yesterday, bus No. 26 was going along Zhong

15、hua Road when the driver saw an old manlying on the side of the road. 昨天上午9:00,26路公共汽车正沿着中华路行驶，这时，司机看见一位老人躺在马路上。【词法1】lie/lai/v. (lay/lei/ )躺 ；平躺 lie lay lain v 躺下，(现在分词lying ).lie down 躺下 lie down and rest 躺下休息8. Hegot offand asked the woman what happened. 他下车问那名妇女发生了什么事。【词法】get off 下车 (反） get on 上车

16、【拓展】与get相关的短语：get up起床 get back回来；取回 get over克服；度过get onalong well with与相处融洽 get in a word插话 get to到达9. Butto his surprise, they allagreed to gowith him. 但令他吃惊的是，所有的乘客都同意和他一起去医院。【词法1】surprise：v 使吃惊surprising adj. 令人吃惊的surprised adj. 吃惊的surprise sb使某人吃惊 The bad news surprised me.be surprised at对感到吃惊

17、be surprised to do sth做某事而感到惊讶be surprised + that从句 因.而惊讶 n 惊讶” to ones surprise 使某人吃惊的是 in surprise 吃惊地【词法2】agree v (反)disagree (名词)agreement n. 同意【搭配】1.agree to sth. 同意某事 2.agree to do 同意做某事:My mother agree to buy me a gift.3.agree with sb. 赞成某人意见: I agree with you.4.agree on sth. 就某事达成一致: We agre

18、e on the question.5.agree that 认为、同意11. Do you agree that people often do not help others because they do not want to get into trouble? 人们常常不去帮助别人是因为他们不想惹麻烦。【词法】trouble/trbl/n .问题；苦恼 have trouble with sth. 在某方面有困难have trouble in doing sth在做某事方面有困难 get into trouble陷入困境get sb. into trouble 使某人陷入困境 be

19、in trouble 处于困境12. Jennycut herself. 珍妮伤着自己了【词法】反身代词一、二人称的反身代词构成:形容词性物主代词+self/selves构成单数myself yourself复数ourselves yourselves单数：himself herself itself 复数：themselves(2)反身代词的常见搭配：enjoy oneself=have fun=have a good time玩得高兴 teach oneself=learn by oneself自学by oneself =alone 独自 help oneself to 随便吃 intro

20、duce oneself to 自我介绍反身代词必须与主语保持人称的一致。13. Someonefelt sick. 有人生病了。【词法】feel sick 生病；不舒服 sick /ill adj. 生病的(1) sick adj.“生病的”，既可放be (系动词)后作表语，也可放名词前作定语。be sick of “讨厌；厌恶”sick person = patient“病人”(2) ill adj.“生病的”，只能放be (系动词)后作表语，be ill in hospital 生病住院ill (名词) illness n.“病；疾病”14.As a mountain climber,

21、Aronis used to taking risks. 作为一名登山者，阿伦习惯于冒险。【词汇1】 as prep，作为，以身份。As a teacher, Mr. Wang thinks its very important to teach the students how to learn.【词汇2】be used to (doing)习惯于（做）；适应于（做）(1) use v.使用useful adj. 有用的(2) use sth to do sth 用某物做某事(3) used to do sth 过去常常做某事，表示过去做过的事现在已经不做，只用于过去时态。(4) be /g

22、et used to doing sth 习惯于做某事(5) be used to do sth 被用来做某事=be used for doing sth【记】 He used to wear glasses . But now he is used to wearing contact lenses. 他以前常戴（框架）眼镜，但现在习惯戴隐形眼镜。15. But when his waterran out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life. 但是当他的水也用完的时候，他意识到他必须做些什么去挽救他

23、自己的生命。【词法1】 run ran run v跑 run out of =use up 用完【区别】 run out of 其主语通常是人,run out 其主语通常是物【短语】 run across 偶然遇见run after 追求，追逐run away 逃跑 【词法2】own adj. 自己的 v 拥有 owner n 所有者，物主【词组】ones own 某人自己的of ones own /ones own +n 某人自己的 (ones 要用adj. 物主代词代替)I want to have a big house of my own.= I want to have my own

24、 house.16. Then, with his left arm, he bandaged himselfso thathe would not lose too much blood. 然后， 他用左手给自己绑上绷带， 以至于不流太多的血【词法1】so that 以便，为了引导目的状语从句,从句常出现情态动词may/ might，can/ could等。The boy spoke loudly so that everyone could hear him clearly.为了能赶上车，她起得很早。(目的状语从句)17. Thismeans beingin a difficult sit

25、uation that you cannot seem toget out of.【词法1】mean meant meant v 意味着 (名词) meaning n 意思meaningless adj. 毫无意义的 (1)mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 (2)mean to do sth. 打算做某事【拓展】询问 “.的意思”的常用句型：What does . mean? What is the meaning of.?【词法2】get out of 离开，从出来【拓展】与get 相关的短语：get up起床 get to到达 get back 返回 get on 上车 get

26、 off 下车 get on with 与友好相处15. In this book, Aron tells ofthe importance ofmaking good decision, and of being in control of ones life. 在这本书里，阿伦讲述了好好做出决定以及掌握自己命运的重要性。【词法1】important adj. 重要的 （反）unimportant (名词) importance n 重要性【词法2】decide v.决定 (名词)decision n.决定 (1)decide to do sth.= make up ones mind to do sth.决定做某事 (2)make a decision 做决定