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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上不定代词一、概念:凡不是用来指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词。some; anyeach; everyone; anotherother; the othermany; mucheither; neitherfew; littlea few; a littleboth; allnone(二)、用法讲解及举例:1、some和any (1)、some和any都表示“一些”,既可修饰可数名词,又可修饰不可数名词(2)、some一般用于肯定句,any一般用于否定句、疑问句和条件句(3)、在疑问句中,当说话人希望得到肯定回答或表达请求、建议时,用some而不用any Wo
2、uld you like some coffee?(4)、any也可用于肯定句,表示“任意一个”You can take any of my pen away.你可以带走我的任何一支笔。2、many和much (1)、都表示“许多、很多”,many修饰可数名词复数,much修饰不可数名词 (2)、都可与表示程度的副词如:so, too, as, how连用: so/too/as/how+many+可数名词复数 so/too/as/how+much+不可数名词 注意区分:too much和much too。可根据就近原则, too much+不可数名词,表示“太多”;There is too m
3、uch water in the cup.much too+形容词,表示“太”The coat is much too small for him. 3、few和little (1)、都表示“少”,其中few修饰可数名词,谓语动词用复数形式;little修饰不可数名词,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式 (2)、a few和a little表示肯定,few和little表示否定如: He has a few friends.他有几个朋友。He has few friends. 他几乎没有朋友。We still have a little time. 我们还有点时间。There is little ti
4、me left.几乎没剩下什么时间了。(3)、固定搭配:only a few (=few) not a few (=many) quite a few (=many) 4、each和every (1)、都表示“每一个”,指代或修饰可数名词,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。但each作同位语时,不影响谓语动词单复数形式,即谓语动词根据名词或代词的单复数而定如:The tickets each cost 10 dallars (2)、each强调个体;every强调整体Every student in our school works hard.我们学校的学生都很用功。 Each student ma
5、y have one book.每个学生都可有一本书。 (3)、each用于两者或两者以上的情况,而every只能用于三者或三者以上,且each可与of连用,而every不能5、either和neither(1)、either指两者中的任意一个,neither指两者都不(2)、either+可数名词单数,谓语动词用单数,如:Either side of the river is beautiful.either可以表示也,用于否定,如:I wont do it, either.我也不会去做。either作代词,either+of+可数名词复数,谓语动词用单数Either of my paren
6、ts is kind.Would you like coffee or tea?Either is ok.(都可以)用于固定搭配Either A or B,谓语动词就近原则Either he or they know it.Either they or he knows it.(3)、neither+可数名词单数,谓语动词用单数,如:Neither side of the river is beautiful.河两边都不漂亮。Would you like coffee or tea?Neither.(都不可以)I would like some milk.用于固定搭配neither A nor
7、 B, 两者的完全否定,谓语动词就近原则,如:Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it.Neither he nor they are right.6、both和all(1)、both用于肯定句,表示“两者都”both+of+可数名词复数,用于两者,表示两者都。如:Both of my parents are teachers.both A and B结构,谓语动词根据就近原则。如:Both she and I are students。both不与not连用,若要表示否定,则用neither(3)、all用于三者
8、及以上,表示“所有,全部”all+of+the+可数名词复数,谓语动词用复数,表示所有都All of the girls are beautiful. all +of +the+不可数名词,谓语动词用单数,表示所有都All of the milk was bad.all 与not连用,表示部分否定,若表完全否定,用none of.7、one表示“一个”,泛指,表示与前面的同类而不同物,其复数形式为onesI cant find my hat. I think I must buy one.(泛指)我找不到我的帽子了。我想我该去买一顶。The hat you bought is bigger t
9、han that I bought.(同类但不同个)你买的那顶帽子比我买的大。8、another表示“另一个”,泛指, 表示与前面的同类而不同物I dont like this book. Please show me another(=another book). Would you like to give me another piece of cake?9、other(s)和 the other(s)(1)、other,单独使用是形容词,意思是“别的,其他”,泛指“其他的(人或物)” Ask some other people. Do you have any other questi
10、on(s)? (2)、others是other的复数形式,泛指“另外的”,不清楚明确的数量。Some of us like singing and dancing, others go in for sports. (3)、the other特指两个人或物中的另一个,后面不接名词 He has two daughters. One is a nurse, the other is a worker. the other后面接名词,加单数名词,特指两个中的另一个,other作形容词,如: On the other side of the street,there is a tall tree.(
11、4)、the others意思是“其他东西,其余的人”。 特指一个明确具体数量的范围内的剩下的所有其他人或物。There are 32 girls in my class, the other students(=the others) are boys.10、none none既指人也指物,可接of短语+可数名词复数,指三者及以上none of 是all的完全否定复合不定代词(一)、复合不定代词有:somebody/someone某人anybody/anyone某人、任何人everybody/everyone每个人nobody/no one没有人something某事(物)anything某
12、事、任何事(物)everything每件事(物)nothing没事(物)(二)、用法讲解1、someone, somebody, something,用于肯定句anyone, anybody, anything,表示“任何人,任何事”时可用于肯定句,表示“某人、某事”时,用于疑问句和否定句谓语动词都用单数 Somebody/Someone is waiting you at the door.There is something wrong with your head.2、与形容词连用时,形容词放后面He found something strange.Is there anybody im
13、portant here? 这儿有大人物吗?3、含-one和-body等指人的复合代词可有-s属格形式。如:Everybodys business is nobodys business.大家的事情没人管。Is this anybodys seat? 这儿有人坐吗?4、含-one和-body等指人的复合代词后跟else时,-s属格应加在else之后。如:Can you remember someone elses name? 你还记得其他人的姓名吗?5、含-thing等指事物的复合不定代词没有-s属格形式someone,anyone,everyone都只能指人,且不和介词of连用;some o
14、ne,any one,every one则既可指人又可指物,可与介词of连用。例如:Anyone should be polite to every one of them.任何人都要礼貌对待他们中的每一个人。-Which toy would you like? -Any one is OK. -你要那个玩具?-随便。6、someone,anyone,everyone都只能指人,且不和介词of连用;some one,any one,every one则既可指人又可指物,可与介词of连用。例如:Anyone should be polite to every one of them.任何人都要礼
15、貌对待他们中的每一个人。-Which toy would you like? -Any one is OK. -你要那个玩具?-随便。7、no one(=nobody)“没有人”,只用来指人,通常不和介词of连用;none“没有一个”,既可以用来指人也可用来指物。例如:No one can do it better. 没有人能做得更好。None of these questions is easy, and none of us can even answer any one of them.这些问题没有一个是容易的,我们中没有一个人能答出其中的一题。回答who引导的特殊疑问句时用no one;回答how many引导的特殊疑问句时用none。例如:-Who was late ? -No one. -谁迟到了?-谁也没有迟到。-How many pigs do you keep? -None. -你养几头猪?-一头也没养。8、复合代词习语:nothing but 只是 anything but 绝不是 someone(=somebody)重要人物、出色人物专心-专注-专业
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