高中英语2020届二轮复习语法专项连词教案(共10页).docx

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上连词重难点分析连词是一种虚词，它不能独立担任句子成分而只起连接词与词、短语与短语以及句与句的作用。连词可以分为两类：并列连词和从属连词(引导各种从句的连词)。一、连词的用法归纳并列连词并列关系and, when(就在这时=and just at this/that time), not onlybut also, neithernor, bothand转折关系but, while (而、尽管), yet, notbut选择关系or, eitheror, otherwise, or else (否则、要不然)因果关系for, so定语从句关系代词先行词是人who/tha

2、t(主语), whom/that(宾语), whose(定语)注意：非限制性定语从句中不用that先行词是事或物which/that(主语或宾语), whose(定语)关系副词先行词是时间: when (状语)；先行词是地点: where (状语)；先行词是reason: why (状语)名词性从句连词that没有词义，不作句子成分，引导宾语从句时可省略；即句子的结构与意义完整时，填that连词if/whether意为“是否”，不作句子成分，引导宾语从句时，一般可互换，但在介词后或discuss后引导宾语从句时，只能用whether。但引导其他名词性从句时，一般也只能用whether连接代词有

3、意义，作句子成分：who, whom, whose, which, what连接副词有词义，作句子成分：when, where, why, how状语从句时间状语when, while, as, before, after, once, till, until, since, every time, the moment, hardlywhen, no soonerthan, as soon as地点状语where, wherever (无论什么地方、不管哪里)条件状语if, unless (除非), as/so long as (只要), on condition that (如果), in

4、 case (如果、万一)原因状语because, since, as, now that (=since 既然、由于)结果状语so that (结果), sothat, suchthat (如此以至于)目的状语so that (为了、以便), in order that, in case (以防万一), for fear that (以防、以免)让步状语although, though, as (状语或表语要提到as前，作表语的单数可数名词提前时，不用a), even if, even though (即使), whetheror(不管还是), whoever (=no matter who

5、), whatever (=no matter what), whenever (=no matter when), whichever (=no matter which)比较状语than, asas, not asas, not soas, the sameas, suchas, the morethe more方式状语as (像、依照), as if, as though (好像、仿佛)注意：定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句的详细讲解可见专题13、14、15。二、连词的使用难点与易错点归纳因为连词的种类非常多，有并列连词（连接并列句），有从属连词（引导复合句），而从属连词引导的从句又可分为

6、三类：定语从句、状语从句和名词性从句。尤其应注意的是有些连词可引导不止一种从句，具有多重功能，这往往是学习的难点，也是易混点。难点回顾：1. as可引导多种从句，如时间状语从句、原因状语从句、让步状语从句、方式状语从句、比较状语从句以及定语从句。误 Which you can see, he is always ready to help others.正 As you can see, he is always ready to help others.解析：as引导非限制性定语从句，当“正像/正如”讲。误 Do like I told you.正 Do as I told you.解析：l

7、ike是介词；as是连词，在这里作“按照”讲，引导方式状语从句。误 He was reading then he was walking.正 He was reading as he was walking.解析：as强调两个动作同时进行，作“一边一边”讲。误 As he is young, he knows a lot.正 Young as he is, he knows a lot.解析：as引导的让步状语从句应用倒装语序，应把表语提前。2. that可引导多种从句，如定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句等。误 You dont like him is none of my business.正

8、 That you dont like him is none of my business.解析：that引导主语从句，本身无实际意义，但不能省略。误 The thief handed everything which he had stolen to the police.正 The thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.解析：everything是不定代词，因此后面的定语从句只能由that引导。误 I am happy as you passed the exam.正 I am happy that you pa

9、ssed the exam.解析：that在形容词后面引导宾语从句，不能用as。3. where可引导多种从句，如定语从句、状语从句以及名词性从句。误 Go to find your watch. Its there where you left it.正 Go to find your watch. Its where you left it.解析：where引导表语从句，相当于at the place where。误 The place where there is water, there is life.正 Where there is water, there is life.解析：

10、where引导地点状语从句，可以放在主句的前面，也可以放在主句的后面。误 I cant remember in which place I met him.正 I cant remember where I met him.解析：where引导宾语从句，不能用in which。4. what可引导感叹句、特殊疑问句、名词性从句等。误 How an interesting story he told us!正 What an interesting story he told us!解析：What an interesting story！= How interesting a story！误

11、I cant remember the thing what he told me.正 I cant remember what he told me.解析：what引导宾语从句，相当于the thing that。5. no matter + what/who.与whatever/whoever.的区别：前者只能引导让步状语从句，而后者既可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句。误 I will make friends with no matter who shares my interest.正 I will make friends with whoever shares my inte

12、rest.解析：引导名词性从句时只能用whoever。误 You must hand in no matter what youve found.正 You must hand in whatever youve found.解析：引导名词性从句时只能用whatever。6. whether和if的区别：两者引导名词性从句时都是从属连词，作“是否”讲，本身不作成分，此时句子中往往出现表示“不肯定”意义的一些短语，如not sure/certain, not known/decided, .is still question, depend on等。whether和if引导动词后的宾语从句时可互

13、换，但下列情况一般只能用whether：(1)引导介词后的宾语从句；(2)引导主语从句；(3)引导表语从句；(4)引导同位语从句；(5)后面出现or not。误 If you can pass the exam depends on how hard you work.正 Whether you can pass the exam depends on how hard you work.解析：引导主语从句只能用whether。三、关联副词英语中有一类词，其作用和功能与连词有些类似，但又有区别，那就是关联副词。关联副词也是全国英语高考的考点之一，曾经出现过几次。这类题主要考虑前后逻辑意义的连贯

14、，即重点考虑上下文意义的连贯，同时注意分析句中的时态等基础语法现象和相关词语的用法。做这类题，清楚地理解文章的来龙去脉和上下文意是最关键的！1. 时间性副词由考查过的a few hour before/earlier可联想到，也许会考a few hours ago (几小时前), then minutes later (十分钟后), afterwards (后来), the day after (次日), the day before (前一日), I had met him before (在那之前我就见过他了), than before (比以前), than ever (比以前), th

15、an ever before (比以往任何时候), since (从那时以来), ever since (从那时起到现在), and then (然后), till then (直到那时), by then (到那时为止), just then (就在那个时候), from then on (从那时期)等。2. 逻辑性副词由考过的anyway (无论如何)可联想到，也许会考anyhow (=anyway 无论如何、至少), however (然而), therefore (因此), thus (因此), besides (而且、还有、此外), though (可是、然而), too, also

16、, instead等。考点练透一、完成句子 在下列各句中填入一个适当的单词使句子完整通顺。1. I met Alice, _ told me that she was learning Chinese. 2. The man to _ our headmaster talked just now is from Canada. 3. He _ has a mind to beat his dog will easily find his stick. 4. God helps those _ help themselves. 5. _ there is life on the moon is

17、an interesting question. 6. _ will win the match is still unknown. 7. Everything depends on _ we have enough money. 8. Children who are not active or _ diet is high in fact will gain weight quickly. 9. Here are all my story-books. You can take _ you like best. 10. She always thinks of _ she can serv

18、e the customers well. 11. He got up too late. That is _ he came late to the meeting.12. An idea came to him _ he might do the experiment in another way.13. Make a mark _ you have any doubts or questions. 14. Word came _ our Chinese women team had won the game. 15. He is not _ he was a few years ago.

19、 16. Our income is now double _ it was ten years ago. 17. _ many Americans move a lot, they still recognize each others dialects. 18. She was walking along the street _ suddenly someone robbed her of her handbag. 19. _ she has made up her mind, nothing can change it. 20. We waited _ he finished his

20、work. 21. No decision has been made, and _ the situation remains unclear. 22. Carl didnt study law. _, he decided to become an actor. 23. I told you to shut the door, you didnt shut is _. 24. I dont like this coat and, _, it costs too much. 25. I understand your situation and the problem you are fac

21、ing is common among us teenagers. _, it should be wise not to do anything that may hurt your mothers feelings.二、语法填空 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The United States, a superpower with a short history no more than 200 years, has played and will continue to play an active role in the international

22、arena (舞台). One of the most distinguishing features of this country is independence. 1 the American people have great vigor (活力) and enthusiasm while in the 2 (pursue) of freedom. They pride themselves on their independence, their right to make up their own minds. All the American folks are firmly c

23、onvinced that they couldnt enjoy liberty for themselves 3 they were willing to share it with everyone else 4 they are clear to know their freedom couldnt be truly safe unless 5 were under the protection of a body of laws that treated them 6 (equal). The American persons tend to be ego-centered and t

24、hey emphasize on their personal rights.American people are apt to speak frankly and they like to make eye contact 7 (show) they are listening carefully. 8 they are not in favor of an event, they will say “no” absolutely and if they dont understand what the other people mean, they will ask questions

25、unless they figure 9 out. While someone compliment them, they will consent (同意) 10 smile by saying “thank you”.助读词汇ego-centered adj. 自我为中心的 folks n. 人们feature n. 特点 pride vt. 以自豪 liberty n. 自由 absolutely adv. 绝对地 compliment vt. 恭维 distinguishing adj. 显著的；有区别的a body of 大量的 be firmly convinced that 坚定

26、相信emphasize on 强调 be apt to倾向于三、佳作欣赏 下面是一篇摘自全国英语高考书面表达的范文，文中有许多精彩且灵活的语言表达，其中也包含有并列连词、从属连词和关联副词的使用，用心体会其用法。To enrich the students school life, our school held the annual art week in the first week of December. There were various activities including singing, dancing on the stage, a game of tug-of-war

27、 on the playground and so on. Besides, the students put waste paper to artistic use by coloring and crafting some things, such as flowers, cards, etc. The most attractive part of the art week was that some students made a map of China with leaves. Therefore, the students benefited a lot from these a

28、ctivities as some of them showed their hidden talents by singing, dancing, drawing, made friends and, above all, they freed themselves from endless homework and exams.参考答案考点练透一、单句填空1. who 2. whom 3. who 4. who 5. Whether 6. Who 7. whether 8. whose 9. whichever 10. how 11. why 12. that 13. where 14.

29、that 15. what 16. what 17. Although 18. when 19. Once 20. till/until 21. thus/therefore 22. Instead 23. though 24. besides 25. However二、语法填空本文主要介绍美国人民的个性和特点。1. So 前面One of the most distinguishing features of this country is independence.是原因，所以此处填一个表“因果”的并列连词So。注意首字母要大写。2. pursuit 作介词宾语应用名词形式。3. unle

30、ss 空的前后是两个分句填连接词。根据空前they couldnt enjoy liberty for themselves和空后they were willing to share it with everyone else可知此处存在一个条件关系，故填unless，if在逻辑和句意上不适合。4. and 空的前后是两个分句填连接词。根据两句间的逻辑和句意可知，此处应填一个表“联合”关系的并列连词，故填and。5. they 缺少主语填代词，they在此指代前面的All the American folks。6. equally 修饰动词用副词形式。7. to show 分析句子成分可知，此处东西show作非谓语。根据空前they like to make eye contact可知，后面应接表目的的状语，故填不定式to show作目的状语。8. When 空后是两个分句填连接词。根据句意和后面的they will可知此处显然是个时间状语从句，故填When。注意首字母要大写。9. it 缺少宾语填代词，it在此指代前面的what the other people mean。10. with 表“带着微笑”常用with smile来表达。表“带着/有/由于/在的帮助下”等常用介词with。专心-专注-专业