2007年专业英语八级考试真题及答案.doc

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1、2007年专业英语八级考试真题及答案SECTIONAMini-lectureInthissectionyouwillhearamini-lecture.Youwillhearthelectureonceonly.Whilelistening,takenotesontheimportantpoints.Younoteswillnotbemarked,butyouwillneedthemtocompleteagap-fillingtaskforafterthemini-lecture.Whenthelectureisover,youwillbegiventwominutestocheckyourn

2、otes,andanothertenminutestocompletethegap-fillingtaskonAnswersheetone.Usetheblanksheetfornote-tanking.WhatCanWeLearnfromArt?I.IntroductionA.DifferencesbetweengeneralhistoryandarthistoryFocus:generalhistory: (1)_arthistory:politicalvalues,emotions,everydaylife,etc.B.SignificanceofstudyMoreinformation

3、andbetterunderstandingofhumansocietyandcivilizationII.TypesofinformationA.Informationinhistorybooksis(2)_facts,butnoopinionsB.Informationinarthistoryissubjective (3)_andopinionse.g. Spanishpaintersworks:misuseofgovernmentalpowerMexicanartistsworks:attitudestowardssocialproblemsIII.Artasareflectionof

4、religiousbeliefsA.Europe: (4)_inpicturesinchurchesB.MiddleEast:picturesofflowersandpatternsinmosques,palacesReason:humanand(5)_arenotseenasholyC.AfricaandthePacificIslands:masks,headdressesandcostumesinspecialceremoniesPurpose:toseekthehelpof(6)_toprotectcrops,animalsandpeople.IV.PerceptionsofArtHow

5、peopleseeartisrelatedtotheirculturalbackground.A.EuropeansandAmericans (7)_expressionofideasB.Peopleinotherplacespartofeverydaylife (8)_useV.ArtasareflectionofsocialchangesA.Causeofchanges: (9)_ofdifferentcultures.B.Changestribalpeople:effectsof(10)_onartformsEuropeanartists:influenceofAfricantradit

6、ionalartintheirworksAmericanandCanadianartists:studyofJapanesepaintingNowlistentotheMini-lecture.Goodmorning,todayslectureistheveryfirstofaseriesoflecturesonarthistory,soIdliketospendsometimediscussingwithyouthefollowingtopic:Whydoweneedtostudyarthistory?Andwhatcanwelearnfromit?Firstofall,Idsay,ifyo

7、ustudyarthistory,thismightbeagoodwaytolearnmoreaboutaculturethanitspossibletolearningeneralhistoryclasses.Youknow,mosttypicalhistorycoursesconcentrateonpolitics,economicsandwar,butarthistoryfocusesonmuchmorethanthis.Becauseartreflectsnotonlythepoliticalvaluesofapeople,butalsotheirreligiousbeliefs,em

8、otionsetc.Inaddition,informationaboutthedailyactivitiesofourancestorscanbeprovidedbyart,likewhatpeopledidforaliving,whatkindofdresstheywore,whatceremoniestheyheldetc.Inshort,artcanexpresstheessentialqualitiesofatimeandaplace,andthestudyofitclearlyoffersusadeeperunderstandingthancanbefoundinmosthisto

9、rybooksandenablesustolearnmorethingsabouthumansocietyandcivilization.ThesecondpointIdliketomakeisaboutthetypeofinformation.Inhistorybooks,informationisobjective,thatisfactsaboutpoliticaleconomiclifeofacountryaregiven,butopinionsarenotexpressed.Art,ontheotherhand,issubjective.Itreflectspersonalemotio

10、nsandopinions.Forexample,FranciscoGoyawasagreatSpanishpainterandalsoperhapsthefirsttrulypoliticalartist.Inhisfamouspainting,TheThirdofMay1808,heshowedsoldiersshootingagroupofsimplepeople.Hisdescriptionofsoldiersandtheirvictimshasbecomeasymboloftheenormouspowerorthemisuseofthispowerthatthegovernmentc

11、anhaveoveritspeople.Over100yearslater,onanothercontinent,thepowerfulpaintingsofMexicanartistsdepictedtheirdeepangerandsadnessaboutsocialproblems.Insummary,throughartyoucanfindapersonalandemotionalviewofhistory.Thirdly,artcanreflectaculturesreligiousbeliefs.ForhundredsofyearsinEurope,religiousartwasa

12、lmosttheonlytypeofartthatexisted.ChurchesandotherreligiousbuildingswerefilledwithpaintingsthatshowedpeopleandstoriesfromtheBible.Bycontrast,oneofthemaincharacteristicsofartintheMiddleEastwas(andstillis),itsabsenceofhumanandanimalimages.ThisreflectstheIslamicbeliefthattheseimagesareunholy.Thus,onpala

13、ces,mosquesandotherbuildings,Islamicartistshavecreateduniquedecorationofgreatbeautywithimagesofflowersofgeometricforms,forexample,circles,squaresandtriangles.Thesameistrueofotherplaces,likeAfricaandPacificIslands.Artalsoreflectsthereligiousbeliefsoftraditionalculturesintheseplaces.Asamatteroffact,re

14、ligionisthepurposeforthisartandits,therefore,absolutelyessentialtoit.TraditionalartinAfricaandPacificIslandsisdifferentfromChristianart.ChristianartinfluencespeoplesreligiousfeelingstowardsGod.ButthegoaloftraditionalartinAfricaandPacificIslandsistheinfluenceofspiritualpowers,Thatisgodstoenterpeoples

15、lives.Eachtribeorvillagetherehadspecialceremonieswithsongsanddancestomakesurethatcrops,animalsandpeoplearehealthyandincreasinginnumber.Thedancersintheceremonieswearmasks，Headdressesandcostumesthattheybelievearenecessarytoinfluencegods.Sothesemasks,headdressesthemselves,arerevelrypartoftheart.Aswesai

16、d,artdependsonculture,differentformsofartresultfromdifferentcultures.Similarly,thewaythatpeopleviewartalsodependsontheirculturalbackground.Thisismyfourthpoint.FormostEuropeansandAmericans,artismainlyfordecoration.Itissomethingonamuseumwallorinaglasscase.Itmakestheirhomesmoreattractive.Peoplelookatit

17、andadmireit: Oh,whatabeautifulpainting!Besides,ideasareexpressedinthisart.Thisisawonderfulstatue,andadmiringit,Imightsay: Itmakessuchastronganti-warstatement.Butinotherplaces,artisnotconsideredtobeseparatedfromeverydayexistence.Ithasafunction,ithasapracticalroletoplayinpeopleslives.Apersoninatribals

18、ocietymightlookatamaskandsay: Oh,thisisagoodmask.Itwouldkeepmyhousesafe.Inbrief,thewayinwhichpeopleenjoyorappreciateartdependsontheirculture.Toconcludemylecture,wecansaythatartisareflectionofvariouscultures.Butatthesametime,wehavetorememberthatartalsoreflectsthechangesinsocietythattakeplacewhendiffe

19、rentculturesinfluenceoneanother.Aspeoplefromtribalsocietiesmovetourbanareas,theirvaluesandbeliefschangeaccordinglyandtheirtraditionalartformsbegintolosetheirfunction.Atthesametime,urbanartistsbegintolearnalotfromtraditionalart.Forexample,AfricanmasksandfigureshadagreatinfluenceonPicassosworks.Andman

20、yAmericanandCanadianartistsstudythesimplicityofJapanesepainting.Theresultisthatastheworldgetssmaller,theartofeachculturebecomesmoreinternational.OK,thisbringsustotheendofourlecture.Ihopethataftertodayslecture,youllunderstandbetterthesignificanceofthestudyofarthistory.Artenablesustoknowmoreabouthuman

21、history,forexample,peoplesviewsandopinionsaboutcertainhistoricalevents,andwhatsmoreimportant,aboutdifferentcultures,theirreligiousbeliefs,perceptionofartetc.Nowyouhave2minutestocheckyournotes.Andthenpleasecompletethegap-fillingtaskonAnswerSheet1in10minutes.Section B interviewIn this section you will

22、 hear everything once only. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your colored answer sheet.Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five ques

23、tions.Now listen to the following five questions.Now listen to the interview1. According to Nigel, most problems of air travel are caused byA. Unfavorable weather conditions.B. Airports handling capacity.C. Inadequate ticketing service.D. Overbooking.2. Which of the following is not mentioned as com

24、pensation for volunteers for the next fight out?A. Free ticket.B Free phone callC. Cash rewardD. Seat reservation3. Why does Niget suggest that business travelers avoid big airports?A Because all flights in and out of there are full.B. Because the volume of traffic is heavy.C. Because there are more

25、 popular flights.D. Because there are more delays and cancellations.4. According to Nigel, inexperience travelers are likely to make the following mistakes except.A Booking on less popular flights.B. buying tickets at full price.C. carrying excessive luggage.D. planning long business trips.5. Which

26、of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. The possibility of discounts depends on a travel agents volume of business.B. Longer flights to the same destination maybe cheaper.C. It is advisable to plan every detail of a trip in advance.D. arranging for stopovers can avoid overnight travel.SECTION C

27、NEWS BROACASTIn this section you will hear everything once only. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.Question 6 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to

28、answer the questions.Now listen to the news.6 what happened on Monday?A. A train crash occurred causing minor injuries.B. Investigator found out the cause of the accident.C Crews rescued more passengers from the site.D A commuter train crashed into a building.Question 7 and 8 are based on the follow

29、ing news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.7. Which of the following was not on the agenda of the G20 meeting?A. Iraq debtsB. WTO talksC. Financial disastersD. Possible sanctions8. The G20 is a (n) _ organization.A. InternationalB EuropeanC RegionalD

30、AsianQuestion 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions9.The UN Charter went into effect afterA It was signed by the 50 original member countries.B It was approved by the founders and other member countries.C It was ap

31、proved by the founding membersD It was signed by the founding members.10. Which of the following best describe the role of the charter?A. the Charter only describes powers of the UN bodies.B the Charter mainly aims to promote world economy.C The charter is a treaty above all other treaties.D The cha

32、rter authorizes reforms in UN bodies.Part2 Reading Comprehension (30min)In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet.Text AThe Welsh language has always been the ultimat

33、e marker of Welsh identity, but a generation ago it looked as if Welsh would go the way of Manx. Once widely spoken on the Isle of Man but now extinct. Governments financing and central planning, however, have helped reverse the decline of Welsh. Road signs and official public documents are written

34、in both Welsh and English, and schoolchildren are required to learn both languages. Welsh is now one of the most successful of Europes regional languages, spoken by more than a half-million of the countrys three million people.The revival of the language, particularly among young people, is part of

35、a resurgence of national identity sweeping through this small, proud nation. Last month Wales marked the second anniversary of the opening of the National Assembly, the first parliament to be convened here since 1404. The idea behind devolution was to restore the balance within the union of nations

36、making up the United Kingdom. With most of the people and wealth, England has always had bragging rights. The partial transfer of legislative powers from Westminster, implemented by Tony Blair, was designed to give the other members of the club- Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Wales-a bigger say and

37、 to counter centrifugal forces that seemed to threaten the very idea of the union.The Welsh showed little enthusiasm for devolution. Whereas the Scots voted overwhelmingly for a parliament, the vote for a Welsh assembly scraped through by less than one percent on a turnout of less than 25 percent. I

38、ts powers were proportionately limited. The Assembly can decide how money from Westminster or the European Union is spent. It cannot, unlike its counterpart in Edinburgh, enact laws. But now that it is here, the Welsh are growing to like their Assembly. Many people would like it to have more powers.

39、 Its importance as figurehead will grow with the opening in 2003, of a new debating chamber, one of many new buildings that are transforming Cardiff from a decaying seaport into a Baltimore-style waterfront city. Meanwhile a grant of nearly two million dollars from the European Union will tackle pov

40、erty. Wales is one of the poorest regions in Western Europe- only Spain, Portugal, and Greece have a lower standard of living.Newspapers and magazines are filled with stories about great Welsh men and women, boosting self-esteem. To familiar faces such as Dylan Thomas and Richard Burton have been ad

41、ded new icons such as Catherine Zeta-Jones, the movie star, and Bryn Terfel, the opera singer. Indigenous foods like salt marsh lamb are in vogue. And Wales now boasts a national airline. Awyr Cymru. Cymru, which means “land of compatriots,” is the Welsh name for Wales. The red dragon, the nations s

42、ymbol since the time of King Arthur, is everywhere- on T-shirts, rugby jerseys and even cell phone covers.“Until very recent times most Welsh people had this feeling of being second-class citizens,” said Dyfan Jones, an 18-year-old student. It was a warm summer night, and I was sitting on the grass

43、with a group of young people in Llanelli, an industrial town in the south, outside the rock music venue of the National Eisteddfod, Waless annual cultural festival. The disused factory in front of us echoed to the sounds of new Welsh bands.“There was almost a genetic tendency for lack of confidence,

44、” Dyfan continued. Equally comfortable in his Welshness as in his membership in the English-speaking, global youth culture and the new federal Europe, Dyfan, like the rest of his generation, is growing up with a sense of possibility unimaginable ten years ago. “We used to think. We cant do anything,

45、 were only Welsh. Now I think thats changing.”11. According to the passage, devolution was mainly meant toA. maintain the present status among the nations.B. reduce legislative powers of England.C. create a better state of equality among the nations.D. grant more say to all the nations in the union.12. Th