2022年状语从句知识点整理.pdf

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1、时间状语从句考点一When; While; As 引导的时间状语从句be doing when 正在做 突然be about to do when 刚要做 突然Eg I was sleeping when the phone rang. He was about to leave when I came. while 的主句动作发生在从句动作之中。通常从句是进行时或是系表结构Strike the iron while it is hot. I met him while I was shopping. as 强调 “ 一边 一边 ” 或是两个动作前后伴随发生Eg They talked as

2、they walked. My cap was blown away as I stood up 即：通常在表示 “ 当” 时，while 的从句为进行时或系表，动作为延续性的。As表示一边 一边而 when 在没有特殊情况下时可以替代while 和 as。考点二Since引导时间状语从句精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - - Since引导通常用完成时注： It is/ has been + 一段时间since + 过去时Eg It

3、is 6 years since I left. 当 since后的动词为延续性动词，要翻译成对应的反义词It is 4 years since I smoked. 戒烟对比： It s 6 years since I leftIt is 6 years since I lived here. 考点三：关于before 注意下列的几个特殊句型：It will be + 一段时间 + before+现在时 “ 还要过多久 才” It was + 一段时间+ before 过去时 . “ 过才” It is + 一段时间+ since + 过去时It has been+ 一段时间+since +过

4、去时It is/was + 时刻+ when + 句子（即以when 引导的定语从句）1. It will be years _ we meet again. A. when B. that C. before D. since 2. It is ten years _ I came to this town. A. when B. that C. before D. since 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - - 3. It is

5、 ten years ago _ I came to this town A. when B. that C. before D. since 4.It was 1986_his first novel came out. A. when B. that C. before D. since 答案： CDBA 考点四not until 主将从现He wont go to bed until I come back 倒装Not until I come back will he go to bed. 强调句It is not until I come back that he will go t

6、o bed. 考点五特殊的时间状语引导词表示时间的名词:the moment/ minute/ day/ instant; by the time(过去、将来完成时 ) each/every/next time; the first/last time; Eg I ll phone you the moment I arrive. Every time I see him, hes working hard.Be sure to call me next time you come. 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - -

7、 - - - - - -第 3 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - - I felt excited the first time I saw a UFO. compBy the time we graduate from Senior High, we will have been here for 3 years. By the time I came, he had died. 表示时间的副词引导的状语immediately；directly（一 就） ；instantly Eg I left immediately the bell rang. Directly yo

8、u feel any pains, you must go to the doctor. Please give me a phone call instantly you arrive. 考点六时间状语从句中的时态 主将从现Eg When he comes ， I will phone you. I will tell you as soon as I know. He wont go to bed until I am back.Youll have to finish your homework before you go out. 完成时I ve lived here since I

9、was born.精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - - I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came She didn t go to bed until she had finished her work. He called me after he had finished his work By the time he came here, I

10、 had finished it. By the time I graduate, I will have learned a lot. 另： By the end of + 表示过去的名词，也用过去完成It was the first/ second time that +过去完成时no sooner thanhardly/scarcelywhen（when 可用 before来换）A. 时态：主句用过去完成时（had done）从句用一般过去时B. 倒装：no sooner/hardly/scarcely放句首，主句要到装Eg She had no sooner entered the h

11、otel than it started to snow. 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - - 如何倒装？He had no sooner entered the hotel than it started to snow. No sooner had he entered the hotel than it started to snow. 用 hardly when/ before 怎么做？He had hardly enter

12、ed the hotel when it began to snow. Hardly had he entered the hotel when it began to snow 原因状语从句because直接原因，语气最强回答why since 通常放句首译为“ 既然 ”as不谈自明的原因，语气最弱for 放句中， 多表示推断的原因 （不可放句首，不可回答 why,用逗号隔开）Eg I was late because I got up late. Since you re ill, you had better not go.As he was in a hurry, he left hi

13、s bag . It must rain last night, for the ground is wet now that Now that I am well again, I can go on with 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - - my work. 注：位于句首时that 可省略Seeing/ considering that( 考虑到，鉴于 ) Eg Considering that they are begin

14、ners, they are doing quite a good job. Seeing that he is ill, he is unlikely to come. in that 也可表原因，了解即可条件状语从句考点一if 与 unless I will go if I am invited.( 主将从现 ) You will be late again unless you hurry. (unless: 除非；如果不 ) 注：此类题一定要明晰句意方可选对；另外要注意 if 与 whether 表示 “ 是否 ” 时的区别。绝大多数情况下，选whether 表示 “ 是否”考点二：其

15、他的原因状语引导词(当固定词组来记) so/ as long as （只要 ）I am happy as long as you are happy once(一旦 ) 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - - Once you need my help ，please tell me on condition that(条件是 )I ll lend it to you on condition that you can return i

16、n on time in case （以防；万一）I stayed all day at home in case you called on 我一整天都呆在家里以防你来访。Take an umbrella in case it rains 注：in case of 也表“ 万一” 后接名词，上句可以改成Take an umbrella in case of rain. provided/ providing that(如果 ) We ll visit Europe provided/ providing that we have the money. suppose/ supposing t

17、hat Suppose/ supposing it rains tomorrow, what shall we do? 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - - 注：要明确哪个连接词用的是ing 形式；哪个用的是 ed；哪个用的是原形让步状语从句考点一： as的让步状语从句（倒装）Poor as I am, I can afford it. (adj 提前) Hard as he works, he makes little progre

18、ss.（adv 提前）Try as he might, he couldnt open the door.（v 提前）Child as he is, he knows a lot. （n 提前，切记：名词前零冠词）注:这里的 as可以换成 though 出冠词题，常出第四个as倒装名词前置零冠词考点二： though 与 although 与 even if/ even though Though/Although/Even though/ Even if it s hard work, I enjoy it. 注： 只有 though 可以倒装，相当于as Strange though/ a

19、s it may seem, it is true. although 不与 but 连用，但是可以和yet 或精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - - still 连用Eg Although we won the game, yet we should be modest. Although we won the game, we still have a long way. 考点三while（尽管）Eg While I dont li

20、ke art, I find his works impressive. 关于 while 的总结引导时间状语从句时，从句多是系表结构或进行时引导让步状语从句时，相当于although等表示转折，译成 “ 而、但 ” 表示一种对比Eg I like tea while she likes coffee. Some people waste food while others havent enough. 考点四： -ever 与 no matter whNo matter what you say, I won t believe you. Whatever you say, I wont b

21、elieve you.精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - - 注： 同时出现时，选 ever 一定对。他俩只在这里是对等的考点五： whether or not 与 whether or（无论是 还是 ）All of us should be equal, whether we are rich or not. I shall go whether you come with me or stay at home.不论你跟我来或是呆在

22、家里，我都走注： whether 与 if 同时出现表 “ 是否 ” ，当二者都无语法毛病时，常选whether 结果状语从句考点一： so that 与 that Eg What have I said that he was so angry with me?（了解即可）The room is noisy ，so that I have to speak louder in order that I can be heard. 考点二： sothat与 suchthatThe room is so noisy that I have to speak louder in order tha

23、t I can be heard. （注意同上一句的对比）精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - - So adj a n Such a adj n Eg He is so honest a boy that we all like him He is such an honest boy that we all like him 注：如何拿掉两句中的him？He is so honest a boy as we all like He

24、is such an honest boy as we all like 拓：感叹句what 与 how？ so many/much/few/little(少)+ n+ that Eg There re so many people in the room that I cant get in it.He got so little education that she cant read. Such a little bird can eat so much that I cant believe my eyes.注： “ 两多两少 ” 出现时要格外注意，尤其是多义的 little such

25、 adj+ n（复 /不可数）that 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 12 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - - Eg They are such fine teachers that we all like them. They are such fine teachers as we all like . It is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park. 注：当没有 “ 两多两少 ” 出现时，出

26、现名词复数或是不可数名词，用such修饰关于 sothat与 suchthat的部分倒装Tom reads so fast that we cant followhim So fast does Tom read that we cant follow him There is such a crowd that we lost each other Such a crowd is there that we lost each other 注： so引导的倒装常考。目的状语从句考点一： so that I get up early so that I can catch the early

27、train. 注：从句常有情态动词may，can，might，精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 13 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - - will，could 等目的 so that（may，can，might，will 等）结果 so that/ sothat(两多两少 ) Suchthat（复数和不可数）考点二：in order that In order that I could finish it earlier，I made a plan.（常考放句首的）I

28、get up early in order that I can catch the bus. 拓： in order(not) to（句首句中）So as (not) to(句中 ) 注 ： Tom was so excited when he was admitted to a key university. I enjoy myself so much when I stayed in Hong Kong. 考点三： for fear that；lest（以免；唯恐）I won t make a noise lest I should disturb you. Let s solve i

29、t face to face for fear that there should be any misunderstanding. 注： 从句一般用should加动词原形，should精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 14 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - - 可以省。方式状语从句考点一： as When in Rome, do as the Romans do 考点二： as if/ as though I remember it as if it were yest

30、erday. 考点三： the way(就是 way 做先行词的定语从句) I shall do it the way my leader told me. I don t like the way he explains it.地点状语从句考点一： where 与 wherever You can take it wherever you go I will go where I am needed most Where there is a will, there is a way. 注： I will go where I am needed most I will go to where I am needed most I will go to the place where I am needed most 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 15 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - -