Unit1Grammar动词不定式的用法 高中英语人教版选修七.pptx

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1、不定式的基本用法不定式的基本用法感知以下课文原句，并判断不定式的功能（成分）感知以下课文原句，并判断不定式的功能（成分）1.Unfortunately，the doctors dont know how to make me better，but I am very outgoing and have learned to adapt to my disability.2.Then I started to get weaker and weaker，until I could only enjoy football from a bench at the stadium.3.Even aft

2、er all that，no one could give my disease a name and it is difficult to know what the future holds.4.I am happy to have found many things I can do，like writing and computer programming.5.My ambition is to work for a firm that develops computer software when I grow up.6.Last year I invented a computer

3、 football game and a big company has decided to buy it from me.7.To look after my pets properly takes a lot of time but I find it worthwhile.8.I have to work hard to live a normal life but it has been worth it.9.If I had a chance to say one thing to healthy children，it would be this：having a disabil

4、ity does not mean your life is not satisfying.10.Just accept them for who they are，and give them encouragement to live as rich and full a life as you do.动词不定式的基本用法归纳 二、动词不定式的用法 1作主语 A 动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。如： (1) To see is to believe. (2)To master English gives us much help in the study of sience. B 不定

5、式或不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语，构成“It is + 形容词(+for/of sb.)不定式”结构。 It is impossible for him to give up smoking. 2.作宾语 A动词后直接不定式作宾语的动词有许多，如want, decide, intend, fail, wish, export, pretend, choose等等。 I mean to go there at once. B.疑问词how,what,whether,where,when,who等+to do 结构作宾语 He showed us how to do the work.

6、I dont know what to do. C.即可以跟不定式，又可以跟ving作宾语的情况： forget to do/doing;remember to do/doing; regret to do/doing try to do/doing; mean to do/doing. D.在动词allow,advise,forbid,permit,consider后直接跟ving作宾 语；如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，则可用不定式做宾补。 allow/permit/forbid/advise/consider doing sth allow/permit/forbid/advise/cons

7、ider sb to do sth. E.不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式短语放在宾补之后，而用it作形式宾语。句型为“主语+find (feel, think, believe, consider,etc) +it+形容词/名词+to do sth”。 I think it necessary to report the thing to the teacher. I find it interesting to work with him. F动词不定式还可以用作介词宾语，但仅限于介词except和but（除了）。 常用句型有： There is nothing to

8、 do but+动词原形 do nothing but+动词原形（除做.之外什么也不干；只好） have no choice but to do 除了做某事别无选择 cannot help/choose but+do(不能不） cant but do （不得不；只有做)3作表语 动词不定式作表语，一是主语有不定式充当；二是主语由抽象名词充当。 To teach is To teach is to learn.to learn. My job isMy job is to help the patientto help the patient. 【注意】如果在主语中（通常在主语从句或修饰主语的定

9、语从句中）有实意动词do时，作表语的动词不定式省略to。 All I want to do now (What I want to do now) isAll I want to do now (What I want to do now) is fill my stomachfill my stomach. 4作宾语不足语 【注意】在感官动词（see, hear, feel, listen to , notice, watchsee, hear, feel, listen to , notice, watch, observe等）和使役动词（let, let, havehave， makem

10、ake ）后的补足语中，不定式不带to。但这类句子变成被动语态时，必须带to。 I saw him play in the park. He was seen to play in the park. The boss made those men work day and night. Those men were made to work day and night.注意：不定式作主语补足语的常用句型：注意：不定式作主语补足语的常用句型：Sb/sth be said/believed/known/supposed/reported/considered/thought+to do/to b

11、e done/to have been done+其他He is said to have gone abroad.=It is said that he has gone abroad.You are supposed to pay the bill by Friday(2)(2)表示结果表示结果动词不定式作状语表示结果时常用如下结构：动词不定式作状语表示结果时常用如下结构：so so形容词形容词/ /副词副词as to doas to do如此如此以至于以至于suchsuch形容词名词形容词名词as to doas to do如此如此以至于以至于enoughenough名词名词to dot

12、o do足够足够形容词形容词/ /副词副词enoughenoughto doto do足够足够tootoo形容词形容词/ /副词副词to doto do太太以至于不能以至于不能He is not He is not so stupid(such a fool) as to do that.so stupid(such a fool) as to do that.他还没有蠢到做那种事。他还没有蠢到做那种事。The Californian ship arrived The Californian ship arrived too late to savetoo late to save more

13、people. more people.加利福尼亚号来得太晚，没能挽救更多的人。加利福尼亚号来得太晚，没能挽救更多的人。 注意：注意： only/never+to doonly/never+to do 作结果状语，表作结果状语，表出乎意料出乎意料的情况。的情况。 doing doing作结果状语常表示作结果状语常表示自然而然自然而然的现象。的现象。He hurried to the house _ that it was empty.He hurried to the house _ that it was empty.他匆忙赶到那所房子里，却发现已经空无一人。他匆忙赶到那所房子里，却发现已经

14、空无一人。He came late twice a week, _(make) his boss angry.He came late twice a week, _(make) his boss angry.他一周迟到两次，使得老板很生气。他一周迟到两次，使得老板很生气。2.主动形式表被动意义的不定式主动形式表被动意义的不定式1.主语主语+be+adj.+to do能用于此句型的形容词有：difficult,fortable,hard,interesting ,important等Eg:The question is very difficult to answer.The problem

15、is difficult to deal with.注意：当上述形容词在句中做宾语补足语，后跟不定式时，也要用主动表注意：当上述形容词在句中做宾语补足语，后跟不定式时，也要用主动表被动被动Eg:They dont think the game intersting to play I find the lecture difficult to understand.2.主语+be +adj.+enough+to doThe box is light enough to carry.The river water is warm enough to swim in.3.主语+be +too+ad

16、j.+to doThe books seemed too heavy to carryThe ice is too thin to skate on.4.不定式短语做后置定语，如主语时不定式动词短语的逻辑主语，则采用不定不定式短语做后置定语，如主语时不定式动词短语的逻辑主语，则采用不定式的主动形式式的主动形式 表示被动概念。表示被动概念。I have a meeting to attend today.He gave me some books to read但如果主语不是不定式逻辑主语，则用不定式的被动形式。Im going to Beijing next week .Do you have

17、 anything to be taken to your parents?5.There be 句型中，用来修饰主语的不定式动用主动6.在“疑问词+不定式”结构中I dont know what to do next.She will tell you which bus to take.7.be to let(出租）,be to blame（应受责备）等不定式形式主动表被动。The house is to let.Who is to blame for it?8.With复合结构中不定式用主动表示被动，且表示将要发生的动作With so much homework to do ,I cant go out with you.