状语从句课件 高考英语复习.pptx

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1、一、状语从句的一、状语从句的类型及关联词类型及关联词 状语从句根据其用途可分为时间状语状语从句根据其用途可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从的状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、方式状语从句、比较句、让步状语从句、方式状语从句、比较状语从句九种。状语从句九种。时间状语从句：时间状语从句：由由when, as, while, whenever, after, before, until / till, as soon as, since, once 等连词，等连词，directly 和和imme

2、diately 等副词，等副词，by the time, every time, the moment, the minute 等表示时间的短语以及等表示时间的短语以及no sooner . than或或hardly . when引导。引导。地点状语从句：地点状语从句：由由where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere等引导。等引导。原因状语从句：原因状语从句：由由because, since, as, now that, seeing that, considering that, in that等引导。等引导。目的状语从句：目的状语从句：由由so, so tha

3、t, in case, in order that, for fear (that)等引导。等引导。结果状语从句：结果状语从句：由由so (that), so . that, such . that, with the result that等引导。等引导。条件状语从句：条件状语从句：由由if, unless, so / as long as,only if, provided, on condition that, in case, suppose / supposing (that)等引导。等引导。让步状语从句：让步状语从句：由由although, though, even if / th

4、ough, as 等连词，等连词，“疑问词疑问词+ ever”构成的构成的复合词，复合词，“no matter +疑问词疑问词”或或whether . or 引导。引导。方式状语从句：方式状语从句：由由as, like, as if / though, the way等引导。等引导。比较状语从句：比较状语从句：主要由主要由than或或as引导。引导。二二、常用关联词注意事项、常用关联词注意事项1. when(1)when引导时间状语从句时，从句的动作既可引导时间状语从句时，从句的动作既可与主句的动作同时发生，也可先后发生与主句的动作同时发生，也可先后发生。如如：Herbert was havi

5、ng dinner when I saw him.When the lights went out, I turned on the flashlight.(2) when还可引导条件状语从句，意为还可引导条件状语从句，意为“如果如果”。如：。如：How did you get there on time when you left here so late? 2. while(1) while引导时间状语从句时，从句的谓语引导时间状语从句时，从句的谓语一般是延续性动词（如一般是延续性动词（如work, stay, wait, live等）。如：等）。如：While I was working

6、 on my English homework in my room, I heard a knock on the door. (2) while 引导让步状语从句时，引导让步状语从句时，相当于相当于 although / though。while和和although引导引导的让步状语从句不用倒装语序，的让步状语从句不用倒装语序，though 引导的让步状语从句可以倒装也可以不引导的让步状语从句可以倒装也可以不倒装。如：倒装。如：While / Although / Though I understand your point of view, I do not share it.Happy

7、 though the little girl is, she will feel homesick at the beginning.3. until和和till(1) until和和till都表示都表示“直到直到”，常可互换，但，常可互换，但till一般不用于句首，也不用于强调句中一般不用于句首，也不用于强调句中。如：。如：Mike didnt announce the news until / till he was sure of it. Until her fathers death, she had always lived in London. It was not until

8、1998 that he returned to his hometown. (2) until / till从句与肯定的主句连用时，主从句与肯定的主句连用时，主句的谓语动词一般是延续性动词，表示句的谓语动词一般是延续性动词，表示主句的动作一直持续到主句的动作一直持续到until / till所表示所表示的时间为止。如：的时间为止。如：They talked on until / till one oclock in the morning.Julie stayed up till / until eleven oclock last night.(3) until / till从句与否定的主

9、句连用时，主从句与否定的主句连用时，主句的谓语动词是非延续性动词，表示句的谓语动词是非延续性动词，表示“直到直到才才”，即主句的动作到，即主句的动作到 until / till 所表示的时间才开始。如：所表示的时间才开始。如：I didnt realise he was a famous scientist until / till you told me.Last night, he didnt go to bed until / till he finished writing his report.(4) not until后跟从句位于句首时，主句需后跟从句位于句首时，主句需部分倒装。如

10、：部分倒装。如：Not until the war was over was Einstein able to return to his homeland. 4. as(1) as引导时间状语从句时，表示引导时间状语从句时，表示“当当时；时；随着随着”。如：。如：They all finished their homework, as I was playing with my dog.As time goes by, our country is getting stronger and wealthier.(2) as引导原因状语从句时，一般放在句首，引导原因状语从句时，一般放在句首，表

11、示十分明显的原因或是已知的事实表示十分明显的原因或是已知的事实。如如：As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.(3) as引导让步状语从句时，通常用倒装结构。引导让步状语从句时，通常用倒装结构。详情如下：详情如下：a. “形容词形容词+ as +主语主语+系动词系动词”或或“副词副词+ as +主语主语+实义动词实义动词”。如：。如：Clever as he is, he didnt pass the exam.Fast as you read, you cant finish the book in two days.b.

12、 名词名词+ as +主语主语+系动词（句首的名词前多不系动词（句首的名词前多不带冠词）。如：带冠词）。如：Child as he is, he knows how to help others.(4) as引导方式状语从句时，意为引导方式状语从句时，意为“如，像，如，像，按照按照”。如：。如：When in Rome do as the Romans do. (5) as引导比较状语从句时，常用于引导比较状语从句时，常用于as . as . 和和not so / as . as . 结构中。如：结构中。如：I hope the necklace is as good as the one y

13、ou lent me.His skin isnt so / as dark as it looks in the film.5. no sooner . than和和hardly . when意为意为“一一就就”，引导时间状语时，主句一般用过去，引导时间状语时，主句一般用过去完成时完成时,从句从句用一般过去时。注意：用一般过去时。注意：no sooner, hardly 位于位于句首时，主句的主谓语要部分倒装。如：句首时，主句的主谓语要部分倒装。如：I had no sooner reached home than it began to rain.No sooner had I reache

14、d home than it began to rain.She had hardly gone out when a student came to visit her.Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.6. so . that和和such . that(1) so . that 常用于以下结构：常用于以下结构： so + adj. / adv. + that 从句；从句；so + adj. + a(n) +可数名词单数形式可数名词单数形式+ that从句；从句；so + many / much / few /

15、little + n. + that从句。从句。如：如：I am so tired that I want to sleep right now. It was so interesting a story that I read it again and again.The naughty boy has had so many falls that he is black and blue all over.(2) such . that 常用于以下结构：常用于以下结构：such + a(n) + adj. +可数名词单数形式可数名词单数形式+ that 从句从句; such + adj.

16、 +可数名词复数形式可数名词复数形式+ that 从句从句；such + adj. +不可数名词不可数名词+ that从句。如从句。如：This is such a good book that everyone likes it. They are such lovely twins that everybody likes them very much. It is such cold weather that I can see no one outside through the window.注意注意：so . that引导结果状语从句时，如果引导结果状语从句时，如果“so +形容词

17、形容词/副词副词”位于句首，则主句的主谓语位于句首，则主句的主谓语要部分倒装。如：要部分倒装。如：So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 7. “疑问词疑问词+ ever”构成的复合词既可引导状语构成的复合词既可引导状语从句，又可引导名词性从句，但从句，又可引导名词性从句，但“no matter +疑问词疑问词”只可引导让步状语从句。如：只可引导让步状语从句。如：Whichever (= No matt

18、er which) book you borrow, you must return it in a week.Whatever (= No matter what) may happen, we shall never lose hope. Whoever is responsible for this should be punished.（此句中的（此句中的Whoever不可用不可用No matter who替换）替换）在含状语从句的复合句中，主、从句通常根在含状语从句的复合句中，主、从句通常根据实际时间关系来确定动词的时态，但有一据实际时间关系来确定动词的时态，但有一点需要注意：点需要

19、注意：在时间状语从句、条件状语从在时间状语从句、条件状语从句或由句或由“疑问词疑问词-ever”、“no matter +疑问疑问词词”等引导的让步状语从句中，可以用一般等引导的让步状语从句中，可以用一般现在时表将来现在时表将来。下面就状语从句考点进行归。下面就状语从句考点进行归纳总结。纳总结。一、时间状语从句一、时间状语从句选用括号内合适的内容补全下面句子。选用括号内合适的内容补全下面句子。 Over time, _ (as, though) the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it woul

20、d cook more quickly.as 二、地点状语从句二、地点状语从句where在地点状语从句中，除了指地点外，在地点状语从句中，除了指地点外，还可指处境还可指处境等。等。由由where引导的地点状语从句与定语从句的引导的地点状语从句与定语从句的区别：区别：where引导定语从句时，从句前应有引导定语从句时，从句前应有一个表示（抽象）地点或处所的名词作先行一个表示（抽象）地点或处所的名词作先行词，而状语从句前没有先行词。词，而状语从句前没有先行词。1. _ he once felt like giving up, he now has the determination to push

21、 further and keep on going. A. Where B. As C. In case D. Now thatA 2. Half an hour later, Lucy still couldnt get a taxi _ the bus had dropped her. A. until B. when C. although D. whereD 三、原因状语从句三、原因状语从句 引导原因状语从句的常用连词有引导原因状语从句的常用连词有because, since, as, now (that)等等。它们的用法区别是：。它们的用法区别是：because语气最强，述说直接原

22、因，说明因果语气最强，述说直接原因，说明因果关系，常回答以关系，常回答以why开头的问句；开头的问句；since, as和和now (that)引导的从句用法相似，表示双方都引导的从句用法相似，表示双方都知道的原因。知道的原因。选用括号内合适的内容补全下面句子。选用括号内合适的内容补全下面句子。 I really enjoy listening to music _ (because, unless) it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day.because四、让步状语从句四、让步状语从句选用括号内

23、合适的内容补全下面句子。选用括号内合适的内容补全下面句子。 1. The gold medal will be awarded to _ (whatever, whoever) wins the first place in the bicycle race.whoever2. _ (Once, Although) birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes. Although五、目的状语从句五、目的状语从句选用括号内合适的内容补全下面句子。选用括号内合适的内容补全下面句子

24、。 Lets not pick these peaches until this weekend _ (so that, even though) they get sweet enough to be eaten. so that 六、结果状语从句六、结果状语从句 so . that和和such . that表示表示“如此如此以以致于致于”, so后面接形容词或副词，后面接形容词或副词， such后后面接名词面接名词。但名词前有。但名词前有many, much, few, little这些词修饰时这些词修饰时, 要用要用so。“such + a(n) + adj. +单数名词单数名词+ th

25、at”可转换成可转换成“so + adj. + a(n) +单数名词单数名词+ that”。七、条件状语从句七、条件状语从句选用括号内合适的内容补全下面句子。选用括号内合适的内容补全下面句子。1. _ (Once, Unless) you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights. 2. _ (While, If ) we dont stop climate change, many animals and plants in the w

26、orld will be gone.UnlessIf 八、方式状语从句八、方式状语从句 引导方式状语从句的常用连词有引导方式状语从句的常用连词有as, as if / though。as if / though引导的状语从句的谓引导的状语从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的语动词常用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的假设。如果从句所表达的内容被看作是事假设。如果从句所表达的内容被看作是事实或者有可能是事实时，就要用陈述语气。实或者有可能是事实时，就要用陈述语气。九、比较状语从句九、比较状语从句 含含as . as .的比较状语从句用在同级比较的比较状语从句用在同级比较中中, 若表否定用若表否定

27、用not so / as . as .。其中第一。其中第一个个so / as是副词是副词, 修饰主句的形容词或副词修饰主句的形容词或副词的原形，后一个的原形，后一个as是连词是连词, 引导比较状语从引导比较状语从句。句。I. 从从每题所给的每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选四个选项中，选出可以出可以填入空白处填入空白处的最佳选项。的最佳选项。1. My mother was so touched by her gesture that she decided to go back to the store and give the cashier (收银员收银员) a five-dolla

28、r bill to keep on hand _ the same happened to someone else if they didnt have enough money for all of their groceries. （2021年年6月浙江卷）月浙江卷）A. in case B. even if C. as though D. so thatA2. They decide to have more workers for the project _ it wont be delayed. (2020 江苏江苏) A. even if B. as if C. now that

29、 D. so that3. Why do people like pop music? I hate it so much. _ it is not your style, that doesnt mean it is bad. (2020 天津天津) A. Only if B. Even though C. Now that D. In caseDBII. 短文改错短文改错Then I can spare some time to learn it again, such that we can practice together every day. (2020 全国卷全国卷)suchso

30、. 用适当的连词填空用适当的连词填空_ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary artist, they smiled and pointed down the river. (2020 全国卷全国卷)When/AsI. 选用方框内合适的短语并用其正确形式填空选用方框内合适的短语并用其正确形式填空 （每个短语限用一次）。（每个短语限用一次）。so that, as if, in case, as soon as1. All the soldiers had to tak

31、e their masks with them _ there was a gas attack. 2. _ we said goodbye, my friend went back to his room closing the door behind him.in case As soon as3. Jack wasnt saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him _ he had done something very clever.4. Ecologists try to find out how the environment can

32、 be preserved _ living things will continue to survive on the planet.so that, as if, in case, as soon asas if so thatII. 选用括号内合适的内容完成下列句子。选用括号内合适的内容完成下列句子。1. _ (If, Before) he met that American girl, he couldnt speak English.2. He smiled politely _ (as, once) Mary apologised for her drunken friends.

33、3. _ (Unless, Although) he doesnt speak Italian, he always goes to Italy on holiday. BeforeasAlthough 4. Hard _ (as, while) she tried, Ella found it difficult to make any progress in math. 5. _ (While, Once) I always felt I would pass the exam, I never thought I would get an A. 6. Im going to ask so

34、meone else, _ (before, since) you obviously dont know the answer.as While since 7. A number of high buildings have arisen _ (when, where) there was nothing a year ago.8. _ (However, Whatever) hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat. whereHowever9. Please

35、call my secretary to arrange a meeting _ (whenever, however) it is convenient for you.10. You can always manage to do more things if you would like to, _ (whatever, however) full your schedule is.wheneverhowever III. 选用括号内合适的内容完成下列短文。选用括号内合适的内容完成下列短文。We hear an awful lot about global warming these d

36、ays, but what if that concept was taken to the extreme and the entire planets ice melted?1. _ (Although, When) in our everyday life naturally occurring ice may seem like a slippery ( 滑滑的的) inconvenience, be careful 2. _ (before, after) you wish it would all just disappear instantly.Althoughbefore3.

37、_ (Before, If ) all of Earths ice quickly melted away, the effects would be a global disaster. Shorelines would be totally different 4. _ (until, as) over two hundred feet of ice water would spread inland. In the United States, cities like Miami and New Orleans would be completely submersed (没入水中的没入

38、水中的).5. _ (If, Because) you watch an ice cube melt in a glass of water, the water level will not change. Above or below the water line, a melted ice cube replaces exactly the same volume of water.If asIf However, 6. _ (after, unless) we add salt to the mix, in the case of a 1-cubic-inch ice cube, th

39、e water level in the glass will rise by 0.03 cubic inches. Its an increase in volume of nearly 3%. 7. _ (Though, Because) it is a fairly small amount, things will be different 8. _ (before, if ) you apply this to glaciers ( 冰川冰川) and floating sea ice.Currently, there are 5 million cubic miles of ice

40、 on Earth, and that ice is melting science has already proven the fact. afterThoughifScientists are predicting in approximately 5, 000 years Earths average temperature will have risen from its current 58 degrees Fahrenheit to a level of 80. 9. _ (If, Although) all of the ice on Earth were to melt ov

41、ernight, the global sea level would rise approximately 230 feet. Thats enough to cover Londons Tower Bridge. All seven continents would be partially underwater.If Here are some sporting greats who believe sport has helped them to find value within themselves and improve other aspects of their lives.

42、Kurt Fearnley, three-time Australian Paralympic Gold Medallist: “Sport has helped me with goal setting,” says Kurt, “1. _ (because, when) achieving success in sport is just like achieving success in other areas of your life and you have to plan well and take small steps to get to 2. _ (when, where)

43、you want to go. becausewhereI also think that dealing with anxiety, motivation, success and failure in sport can also be applied to a persons general life.”Laura Geitz, Australian Diamonds netball player: As a spokesperson of Suncorps #TeamGirls, Laura is a firm believer in team spirit. “My TeamGirl

44、 moment is not standing on the podium (讲台讲台) receiving the gold medal its having those 11 other sisters beside me, 3. _ (because, if ) theres no better feeling than being part of a group of girls. 4. _ (If, Although) they play their role to the best of their ability, then the magic will happen,” she

45、 says.becauseIf Mia Hamm, US soccer player: “I just know how sport improved me. 5. _ (Although, Since) I was a really young, shy kid who was also from a military family, we moved every 2-3 years. And sports was an easy way to make a connection 6. _ (whenever, wherever) we moved to a new base, a new

46、town, to people with similar interests. And I think it really helped give me confidence not only with that move but with feeling that I could contribute,” Mia says.SincewheneverHere is what Gabi Simpson, Australian Diamonds netball player had to say: “Taking strength from vulnerability (脆弱脆弱) is so

47、important. 7. _ (Unless, When) youre young, you want other people to create that confidence, but its not until you can create it yourself that youre able to be the best you that you can be.”WhenSeptember 24, 1896 marks the birth date of F. Scott Fitzgerald, one of the most important twentieth centur

48、y American writers. His father, Edward, brought breeding, charm, and a sense of elegance to the family, 1. _ (although, when) as a businessman, he experienced only small financial success. Fitzgeralds mother, Mollie McQuillan, was the daughter of an Irish immigrant (移民移民) who made a fortune in the w

49、holesale grocery business. although2. _ (When, Although) she came from a family of means, she had little interest in society life 3. _ (unless, until) it was related to her sons future. The family lived comfortably on the outskirts (郊区郊区) of the citys most fashionable residential neighborhood, Summi

50、t Avenue, thanks largely to the generosity of the McQuillan family. 4. _ (Although, Because) the Fitzgeralds lived just blocks from the citys most elegant and wealthy families, they were not considered rich. AlthoughunlessAlthoughIt seems likely much of Fitzgeralds interest in society life began in