定语从句题目解析(共8页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上Susan is not the brilliant writer _ she used to be.A. which B. that C. who D. whomThey stayed with me for three weeks, _ they drank all the wine I had. A. which B. which time C. during which D. during which time It is the one of the best films_.A. which have been made in China B. that h

2、as ever been made in China C. that have ever been made in China D. which has been made in ChinaThe old man finally got a chance to visit the school, _ he used to study, _ he had been dreaming of for years.A. that which B. where that C. in whichwhat D. wherewhich_ all that _ to be done been done? A.

3、Have.have B. Havehas C. Hashas D. Hashave-Why am I so slow at doing the cloze test? -I guess you didnt realize the use _ the contexts.A. you should have made of B. you must have made fromC. from which you could have made D. out of which you need makeDont leave the knife _. Which is wrong?A. in a pla

4、ce where children can get it B. where children can get itC. in a place which is within childrens reach D. in which children can get it Im looking for a present for my mothers birthday, _ she can use and at a reasonable price. A. that B. one C. what D. whichThe curious child didnt believe the fact _.

5、A. that most of them thought it to be true B. most of them thought to be trueC. what most of them thought was true D. as most of them thought trueNothing but a few pictures _ given to Tom, _ he was fond of.A. waswhich B. werewhich C. wasthat D. werethatThe conclusion _ the police came to _ he was in

6、nocent didnt satisfy everybody.A. thatwhich B. /that C. whichwhich D. that/Among all the contestants, only Mary _ had supposed could win the first prize.A. who B. / C. I D. thatTo save money for my education, my mother often takes on more work _ good for her.A. than what is B. than that is C. than i

7、t is D. than isI feel disappointed as the new house isnt quite _ it should be. A. as B. that C. what D. whichThe scientists and technicians overcame a lot of difficulty _ the personal computer.A. they had developing B. having developing C. they had developed D. that had to develop 1B。当先行词为主句的表语，或者关系

8、代词为从句的表语的时候，那么只能选that。这是13种只能用that的情况中的一种。2D他们和我在一起三个星期了，在那段时间里，他们喝光了我所有的酒。先行词后面的关系词在从句中是作为状语的，所以首先排除A，which作为状语，就只能在其前面加一个介词，这是因为介词+which=关系副词，故而排除B，而在非限制性定语从句中表示时间状语的，就只能用during which time。3B这是目前为止中国拍得最好的一部片子了。定语从句中如果先行词被最高级修饰，那么关系代词一定是that，因此排除A,D。中心词虽然是the best films，但前面还有一个one，同时it后面的is 也很好地暗示了

9、从句中谓语动词只能用单数，所以选B4D，这个老人最终有机会访问他曾经就读过的学校，他梦想回到母校已多年了。Study是一个不及物动词，因此后面没有必要加宾语，因此排除A,后半句是一个非限制性定语从句，其中dream of的of 缺少一个宾语，所以得选一个关系代词，故而排除B，这里是定语从句，而不是主语从句所以排除C，which指代的是got a chance to visit the school这件事，因而选which5C那些必须去做的事做完了吗？all指人时,动词用复数;all指物时,动词用单数所以这两个空，都选择has，排除A,B,D6A 为啥我做填空如此之慢？我猜你没有意识到去运用（m

10、ake the use of ）上下文。从 didnt可以确定，前面说到的那个人没有利用，should have done 本应该而没有，正好与原题题意相符，因此选A7D，不要把刀放在孩子容易够得着的地方，介词+which结构中的介词往往是根据定语从句中谓语动词的固定搭配来决定的。而 get in的意思是1.进入，参加；收（获），收回；插入（放） 2.收获；收(税等)；抵达 3.进入, 收获，达到。 Get in 虽然有达到的意思，但是get in 中的in后面的which应该是指代地点，而前面没有表示地点的先行词place，只有一个knife，也就是说D是缺少了一个先行词。如果D换成in a

11、 place in which children can get it则可以8Bpresent和后半句之间有逗号隔开，但后半句不是非限制性定语从句。如果是的话，那么后半句应该是_she can use and is at a reasonable price. 如果没有了is 的话，那么and 后面的at a reasonable price就不能和空格中的关系词构成一个完整句了。所以关系词one是一个同位语。后面一半是同位语从句，而另一半是介词短语作为同位语one的后置定语。9B 这道题的陷阱就是考生对于见到the fact that时 的定势思维。如果这是一个the fact that引导

12、的同位语从句，那么that后面应该是对fact的具体阐释，如the fact that地球围绕太阳转。但选项中most of them thought it to be true不是对fact的具体阐释，而是人们对fact 的看法，这就是这道题的玄机所在。因此这是一个宾语从句，the fact也是作为thought的宾语，因此关系代词that可以省略，还原之后就是The curious child didnt believe the fact （that） most of them thought to be true10A当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, e

13、xcept, but, no less than, as well as 等词引起的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。因此第一个空用单数，后半句是一个非限制性定语从句，fond of 后面少了一个宾语，而非限制性定语从句中which正好可以充当宾语，因此选A11B警察得出他无罪的结论不能让众人满足。你要注意：“警察得出的结论”中的“的”说明The conclusion _ the police came to 是一个定语从句，The conclusion_ he was innocent.才是一个同位语从句。因此第一个空选that或者which都无所谓，第二个空必然为that。从这题可以看出，

14、命题人的一大乐趣就是在一个从句里面安插其他干扰性成分，然考生出错，这题和第九题还是很相似的考法。所以，考生须学会怎样根据句子的结构来简化句子，找到解题的思路。12C在所有的参赛者当中,（人们）认为只有Mary可以获得第一名。 Among all the contestants, only Mary could win the first prize.是主句。Suppose的所有用法中，只有be supposed to be 与题目的意思相吻合，所以had supposed是一个过去分词作为后置定语，而不是从句。13这题感觉是选A，这个句子考查了more than 的比较结构，其中than是一个

15、连词，所以其语法属性相当于and。所以分析这个句子的语法结构的时候，more than是不造成语法干扰的，你可以把more than拿掉，原句就变为To save money for my education, my mother often takes on work _what is _ good for her.14C 如果把空格后面的句子it should be 遮住，你会发现前面 isnt quite后面缺少表语，而后面be动词后面也是缺少了一个表语，所以后半句是一个表语从句，表语从句中that是连词，不充当句子成分，what除了充当引导词还在从句中长当成分，所以选what15A在研

16、发个人电脑的时候，科学家和技师们克服了许多困难。Difficulty很明显是一个定语从句，如果在had 和developing之间加一个逗号，你会发现，原来developing the personal computer是非谓语形式做伴随状语的。题干的中文还可以这样翻译： Developing the personal computer，the scientists and technicians overcame a lot of difficulty they had 。这句话和题干的意思是不是一模一样？只不过这句话的伴随状语Developing the personal computer

17、放到了前面，而题干是将之放到了后面！只是语序变了一下就形成了难度。这是一道技巧性很强的题目，值得细细品味。高三定语从句考点归纳福建省泉州市泉港区泉港二中王正勋 定语从句又称为形容词性从句，引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词：who, whom, that, which, as, whose等和关系副词when, where, why等，关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语,表语，定语等；关系副词则在从句中充当状语。定语从句可分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句，关键是看有无逗号把先行词与定语从句分开。若有，是非限定性定语从句，此时关系词不能省略；若无，则是限定性定语从句。综观历年高考试题，我们可以发

18、现该语法项目是测试中的热点与难点。为了便于同学们复习该语法点时有所侧重，本文拟就其考点作以归纳。一、考查几组关系词异同1. 考查先行词是物时，关系代词which, that充当主语或宾语异同：在限定性定语从句中充当主语、宾语关系代词which, that一般可以互换，关系代词作宾语时还可以省略。（1）which用于下列情况：( I )如果引导的是非限定性定语从句; （II）关系代词充当介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词之前; （III）先行词本身是that等。（2）that用于下列情况：( I ) 先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, little, mu

19、ch等不定代词；（II）先行词被all, any, every, no, little, much, some等词修饰；（III）先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词；（IV）先行词被the only, the very(正是、恰是),the last修饰；（V）先行词中既有人也有物；（VI）在which或who的特殊疑问句中含有定语从句等。另外需要注意：先行词是the way，并在定语从句充当状语时，关系代词用that或省略，若用which,其前加介词in。典型考题（09江西）The house I grew up _ has been taken down and repl

20、aced by an office building.A. in it B. in C. in that D. in which （07年浙江）Chans restaurant on Baker Street, _ used to be poorly run, is now a successful business. A. that B. which C. who D. where (04湖北) What surprised me was not what he said but _he said it. Athe way Bin the way that Cin the way Dthe

21、way which （10全国）I refuse to accept the blame for something _was someone elses fault. A. who B. thatC. as D. what解析：B。该题考查的是定语从句中关系代词前的介词位于谓语动词之后，关系代词可以省略，定语从句补充完整为：(which/that) I grew up in，修饰先行词the house。若选择D项，应该用in which I grew up B。先行词Chans restaurant在非限制性定语从句充当used to be poorly run的主语，故用which。A。

22、在notbut结构中，前后应一致，因but之前是名词性从句，故其后也应该是名词性从句或与之相对的名词等，又因the way在该定语从句充当方式状语，所以关系词用that, in which或省略，故选the way。B。不定代词something在定语从句作主语，用that引导。2. 考查先行词是人，关系代词who,whom,that充当主语或宾语异同：在限定性定语从句中充当主语一般用who,that；充当宾语时三者可以互换或关系代词还可以省略。下列情况用who或whom:( I )在非限定性定语从句中，先行词是人，并在从句中充当主语，关系代词用who，充当宾语，用whom或who(口语中)，

23、（II）先行词是人，介词后的宾语,只能用whom等。典型考题（06北京）Women _ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _ dont.A. who ; 不填 B. 不填 ; who C. who ; who D. 不填; 不填（10浙江）The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of left their village homes for a better life i

24、n the city. Awhom Bwhich Cthem Dthose解析：C。两处都是考查定语从句，并且都是关系代词充当主语，第一个空格前的women是其后的定语从句的先行词，并在从句中充当主语，第二个空格前的those指代的是women,是其后的定语从句的先行词，并在从句中充当主语，故前后两空都用who。A。在非限定性定语从句中表示人的先行词 “1,000 people”充当介词of的宾语，故用whom。3. 先行词是人时，关系代词which与who/whom在定语从句的区别：关系代词which引导定语从句，并在从句中作表语或补足语时，其先行词可以是表示人的职业、身份、性格、才能等，但

25、这里的人不是指具体的人；而who在定语从句中作主语、宾语（口语），whom在定语从句中只作宾语，who或whom代的先行词是具体的人的名词或代词。典型考题（05湖北）Her sister has become a lawyer, _she wanted to be.AwhoBthat Cwhat Dwhich(07北京)We shouldnt spend our money testing so many people, most of _are healthy.A. that B. which C. what D. whom解析：D。此处的lawyer从表面看指的是人，但实际上是人的职业，并

26、在非限制性定语从句充当be动词的表语。故用which。D。先行词people在非限制性定语从句充当介词of的宾语，故用whom。4. 关系代词whose与which在定语从句作定语的区别：在“（介词）+关系代词+名词”中，关系代词作定语，一般多用whose（即指人，也指物）；但若名词是case, point, reason, fact, situation, time等抽象名词用来总结整个主句的情况或句子的部分内容时，作定语的关系代词用which，结构常见于“介词+关系代词+名词”。另外需要注意：物作定语时，whose+名词=the +名词+of+which 或of+which +the+名词

27、。典型考题(05重庆)Mark was a student at this University from 1999 to 2003, he studied very hard and was made chairman of the students Union.A. during which time B. for which timeC. during whose time D. by that time（10山东）Thats the new machine _ parts are too small to be seen. A. that B. which C. whose D. Wh

28、at(08陕西)The man pulled out a gold watch, were made of small diamonds.A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands of C. which the hands of D. the hands of which解析： A。此题考查在定语从句中during which time表示“在1999至2003期间”。 C。空格处所选的词应该是引导定语从句并且在从句中作parts的定语，所以使用whose。whose parts=the parts of which或of which the parts。D

29、。先行词watch与定语从句中the hands构成从属关系，故结构为：the hands of which或of which the hands或whose hands。5. 考查关系代词which与as引导非限定性定语从句的异同。两者都可并指代主句中的一部分或整个句子的内容，在从句中做主语、宾语等，位于主句之后。（1）下列情况多用which: ( I )在非限制性定语从句作主语时谓语动词是连系动词之外的行为动词；（II）非限制性定语从句用以对主句的意义进行补充，前后不一致，出乎意料的；（III）非限定性定语从句的关系代词紧跟在介词后面充当介词的宾语等。（2）下列情况用as: ( I )在主

30、句之前或插入主句之中用as；（II）表“如同那样，按照，正如”含义，这里的as主要起与上下文联系的作用，表达说话人的看法，并指出内容、出处和根据等，常用的结构有as we know(众所周知)，as often happens (正如常发生的那样)， as is often the case（情况常常如此），as is+announced/expected/known/imagined/mentioned/said/shown/reported (正如所)等。典型考题（10四川）After graduating from college，I took some time off to go t

31、ravelling， turned out to be a wise decisionAthat Bwhich Cwhen Dwhere(06江苏)The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, _ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds. A. who B. that C. as D. which(04江苏) _ is often the case, we have worked out

32、the production plan. A. Which B. When C. What D. As(00北京春招) The result of the experiment was very good, _ we hadnt expected. A. when B. that C. which D. what解析：B。此处应为which引导的非限制性定语从句，which代替前面整个句子。D。从句中的谓语动词meant是非连系动词的行为动词，故用which。D。关系代词在非限制性定语从句指代后面一个句子，且在此从句中充当主语，故用As。C。关系代词在非限制性定语从句指代前面一个句子，并在从句

33、充当宾语，由从句可知，前面一件事是出人意料，并作expected的宾语，故用which。6. 考查关系代词与关系副词where,when,why的区别及关系副词相互之间的区别：（1）可以用关系副词where代替in which/on which/to which等表示地点的状语，常见表地点的名词既有“具体”的（如：place,school,family等）也有“抽象”的（如：point,situation,career,activity,job，stage，scene等）。（2）可以用关系副词when代替on which/in which/at which/during which等表示时间的

34、状语，常见表时间的名词既有“具体”的（如：days,time等）也有“抽象”的（如：stay,occasion等）。（3）可以用关系副词why代替for which表示原因的状语（非限定性定语从句常用for which），此时其先行词常是reason。但需要注意的是：若表示时间、地点或原因的先行词在从句中充当主语或宾语时，只能用关系代词which,that或关系代词的省略形式（作宾语）。典型考题（10福建）Stephen Hawking believes that earth is unlikely to be the only planet life has developed gradua

35、lly. A. that B. whereC. whichD. whose （09四川）Shell never forget her stay there _ she found her son who had gone missing two years before. A. that B. which C. where D. when(02上海春招)Is this the reason at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explaine

36、d D. why he explained解析：B。先行词planet在从句中做地点状语，用关系副词where或in which。D。her stay为先行词，可以理解为抽象的一段时间（她呆在那里期间），when指代her stay在定语从句中做时间状语。A。先行词虽然是reason,但在从句中充当explained的宾语，而非在从句中充当原因状语，故用he explained,省略了作宾语的关系代词。二、考查定语从句中的“介词+关系代词”结构1、考查该结构中关系代词的选用。若介词放在关系代词之前，关系代词指人时常用whom，指物时常用which。典型考题（09海南）She brought w

37、ith her three friends, none of I had ever met before.A. them B. who C. whom D. these（10江苏）The newly built caf, the walls of_ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, specially after hard work. A. that B. it C. what D. which 解析：C。在定语从句中代替先行词friends作介词of的宾语。故用关系代词whom。D。在定语从句中先行词the

38、 newly built caf作介词of的宾语。故用关系代词whom。2、考查该结构中介词的选用。（1）一般来说，确定关系代词前的介词，可以从以下三方面入手：先行词的意义；从句中的动词固定搭配；句子的意思。典型考题( 08上海)We went through a period communications were very difficult in the rural areas.A.which B.whose C.in which D.with which（10山东） Wind power is an ancient source of energy we may return in t

39、he near future. A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which( 06陕西)She was educated at Beijing University, she went on to have her advanced study abroad.A. after which B. from which C. from that D. after that解析：C。把从句补充完整：communications were very difficult in the rural areas in/during the period

40、，可以判断出此处用介词in。此句中介词的选用取决于先行词period。C。把从句补充完整： we may return to an ancient source of energy in the near future，可以判断出此处用介词to。此句中介词的选用取决于从句中的动词固定搭配return to sth.。A。主句与定语从句是先后关系，故用after which。此句中介词的选用取决于句子的意义（2）表示“整体和部分关系”、“同位关系”或“所属关系”，介词常用of。常见结构：（I）在some, any, few, little, none, all, both, neither, m

41、any, most, each等代词或数词的前后可以用of which/whom。（II）the +比较级或最高级前后用of which/whom等。典型考题( 05全国I)I have many friends, some are businessmen.A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom（04湖北）There are two buildings , stands nearly a hundred feet high .Athe larger Bthe larger of them Cthe larger one that Dthe l

42、arger of which 解析： D。先行词friends在定语从句中与some构成所属关系，故用some of whom或of whom some。D。先行词buildings在定语从句中与比较级the larger构成所属关系，故用the larger of which或of which the larger。三、考查定语从句的特殊结构1.考查关于定语从句的分隔结构。命题者主要通过定语从句的分隔考查动词形式的选择和通过先行词的定位，确定定语从句的关系词及介词+关系词的选用。考查动词形式的选择主要表现在以下几方面：定语从句对主谓结构的分隔时的主句谓语动词选择；定语从句对从句中宾补结构的分

43、隔时的非谓语动词；定语从句对主句定语、状语的分隔时的非谓语动词；定语从句对一些固定句式的分隔时的非谓语动词。(10上海)Thai is the only way we can imagine the overuse of water in students bathrooms. A. reducing B. to reduce C. reduced D. reduce(00全国)The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see_the next year.A. carry out B. carrying out C. car

44、ried out D. carry out(10江西)The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister_ she would stay for an hour.A. where B. who C. which D. what（05山东）The country life he was used to _ greatly since 1992.A. change B. has changed C. changing D. have changed(07辽宁)You cant imagine

45、what difficulty we had _ home in the snowstorm. A. walked B. walk C. to walk D. walking解析：B。此处应该用不定式。the only way to do sth表示“做的唯一途径”。作定语的不定式被定语从句we can imagine与被修饰词分开了。解答此类题应把定语从句去掉。C。先行词the plan作see的宾语，此处的see后是复合结构，carry out充当the plan的补足语，并与其构成被动，故用carried out。解答此类题应把先行词还原到定语从句中去。A。先行词为centre, she would stay for an hour作定语，与其先行词被介词短语隔开了，该从句不缺宾语或主语,故先行词在从句中作地点状语,故用where。为了保持句子平衡，定语从句与先行词往往被介词短语、副词或谓语等分开，解答此类