英语直接引语变间接引语练习题(共33页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上直接引语和间接引语的用法及练习分享直接引语和间接引语一、直接引语和间接引语的意义：我们转述别人的话时，可以引用别人的原话，被引用的部分称为直接引语；用自己的话转述别人的意思，被转述的部分称为间接引语。间接引语多数构成宾语从句。二、直接引语改为间接引语时连词的使用：1、直接引语为陈述句时，间接引语的连词用that，that可以省略。如：“I have lived in the south for years,” Mrs Duncan said. Mrs Duncan told me (that) she had lived in the south for years.

2、 Duncan夫人说她在南方住了许多年。“I shall tell him exactly what I think,” she said. She said (that) she would tell him exactly what she thought. 她说她将会告诉他她所想的。2、直接引语为一般疑问句时，间接引语的连词用if / whether。如：He said，“Are you interested in English?”He asked (me) if I was interested in English. 他问我是否对英语感兴趣。He said，“Did you see

3、 him last night?”He asked (me) whether I had seen him the night before. 他问我头天晚上是否见到了他。3、直接引语为特殊疑问句时，间接引语的连词用特殊疑问句本身所带的疑问词如when，where，who，why，how，how many，how old等等。如：“What do you want?” he asked me. He asked me what I wanted. 他问我想要什么。“How can we improve the condition of the soil?” the farmers asked

4、him. The farmers asked him how they could improve the condition of the soil. 农民们询问他如何才能提高土壤的质量。4、直接引语为祈使句时，间接引语不用连词，而是将直接引语改为动词不定式用作句子的宾语补足语。如：She said to us，“Please sit down. ”She asked us to sit down. He said，“Dont make so much noise，boys. ”He told the boys not to make so much noise. “Please expla

5、in why youre two and a half hours late,” the boss said. The boss asked him to explain why he was two and a half hours late. “Dont give up!” Father shouted at him. Father told him in a loud voice not to give up. “Get everything ready in half an hour,” the teacher said to the students. The teacher ord

6、ered the students to get everything ready in half an hour. 注主句的谓语动词有时要根据直接引语的情态和语气作相应的变化，如say说； tell sb. 告诉某人；ask问/请求；suggest建议；order命令等等。四、时态的变化：如主句的谓语动词为现在时态范畴，间接引语中的时态一般不作变化；但如果主句的谓语动词为过去时态范畴，则间接引语多改用相应的过去时态。其规律见下表：直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般将来时一般过去将来时现在完成进行时过去完成进行时一般过去时过去完成时如：Shes p

7、reparing her lessons,” I said. I said that she was preparing her lessons. I said to them，“Hell get excited. ”I told them that he would get excited. He said to me，“Jane spent all her time doing that. ”He told me that Jane had spent all her time doing that. 例外：1、直接引语如果有表示具体过去时间的时间状语（如in 1992,last week

8、）等，在变为间接引语时可以不变。如：My father said to me，“I read the book in 1986. ”My father told me he read the book in 1986. 2、直接引语表达的意思是客观真理时，时态可以不变。如：The geography teacher said to us，“The earth turns around the sun. ”The geography teacher told us that the earth turns around the sun. 五、间接引语中人称代词的变化：要根据句子的意义作相应的变动

9、。其规律是：一主二宾三不变，即第一人称代词指的是句子的主语；第二人称代词指的是句子的宾语；第三人称代词不用变化。如：“I havent brought my dictionary. ” the student said. The student said that he hadnt brought his dictionary. 六、指示代词、时间、地点状语的变化：通常总是由近指改为远指。其规律见下表：直接引语间接引语now（现在）then（那时）ago（以前）before（以前）today（今天）that day（那天）this morning（今天早晨）that morning（那天早晨）

10、yesterday（昨天）the day before（前一天）yesterday morning（昨天早晨）the morning before（前一天早晨）tomorrow（明天）the next/following day;the day after（第二天）last week/month（上星期/上个月）the week/month before（前一个星期/月）next week/month（下星期/上个月）the week/month after（第二个星期/月）the following week/monththis week/month（本星期/本月）that week/mon

11、th（那个星期/月）here（这儿）there（那儿）如：“Ill come and see you again this evening，Tom. ” he said. He told Tom that he would go and see him again that evening. 例外：如果现场转述别人的话或当句子的意义不会引起误解的情况下，则勿须改变以上内容。如：“Ill come here again today,” she said. She said that shed come here again today. 七、语序的使用：间接引语中总是使用陈述语序。如：She a

12、sked，“What is it? Whats going to happen now?”She asked what it was and what was going to happen then. The boy was wondering，“How does the computer work?”The boy was wondering how the computer worked. He asked me，“Do you study English or French?”He asked me whether I studied English or French. “Its M

13、ary，isnt it?” asked Jane. Jane asked whether it was Mary or not. 能力过关检测1. The teacher said，“Dont be late，Mary. ”The teacher told _. A. Mary not to be late B. Mary to be not late C. Mary are not late D. not to be late2. He asked her，“Where are you going?”He asked her _. A. where she were going B. whe

14、re she was going toC. where she was goingD. where she is going3. The lady said，“I shall go there on time. ”The lady said that _. A. she would come there on time B. she would come here on time C. she would got here on time D. he would got here on time4. He said to me，“I wrote to my father yesterday.

15、”He told me he had written to his father _. A. the yesterday B. before today C. the day beforeD. the next day5. The teacher asked，“Are you waiting for the bus?”The teacher asked _ for the bus. A. if I was waitingB. was I waiting C. you are waiting D. I was waiting6. The professor said that light _ f

16、aster than sound. A. travelsB. traveled C. travel D. travelled7. My mother asked me to show my homework to her. My mother said to me，“Show _ homework. ” A. her myB. me yourC. her yourD. me hisKey:强化训练题：ACBCA AB直接引语变间接引语练习题1He said: “Ive left my book in my room.”2She said: “He will be busy.”3She said

17、 to Tom, “Can you help me?”4She asked, “Is this book yours or his?”5The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?”6The teacher said to the students, “Dont waste your time.”7The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.”8The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.”9My father said, “Practice makes pe

18、rfect.”10The boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.”11He said, “We are still students.12He said to me, “I was born in 1978.”13The engineer said, “I was at college in 1967.”14He said, “I have studied English since I was a boy.” 15She said, “I read the book while I was waiting for a bus.

19、16Mr. Green said to them, “Joe told me all about his story when he asked for a job.”17He said, “We insisted that she start immediately.18She said, “He demanded that the girl leave at once.”19I said to him, “I have finished it.”20She said to us,“ Ill come here tomorrow.”21“Where does your chemistry t

20、eacher live, Karen?” the young man asked.22“I have gained the first place in the mathematics competition,” the little boy said happily. 23“Light travels faster than sound,” the physics teacher said to the boys and girls. 24“Will you go to the concert with me this evening?” Mary asked me.25“What did

21、you do here yesterday?” the old man asked my brother.直接引语变间接引语专练题（二）.单项选择1. He asked _ for the computer. A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid2. “Have you seen the film?” he asked me. He asked me _. A. had I seen the film B. have I seen the film C. if I ha

22、ve seen the film D. whether I had seen the film3. “Please close the window,” he said to me. He _ me _ the window. A. said to; to close B. told to; closing C. asked ; to close D. said to; please close4. “I am a teacher,” Jack said. He said _. A. that I am a teacher B. I was a teacher C. that he is a

23、teacher D. he was a teacher5. He said, “Mother, the boy is very naughty.” He _- very naughty. A. said his mother that the boy was B. said to his mother that the boy is C. told his mother that the boy was D. spoke to his mother that the boy was6. “Youve already got well, havent you?” she asked.She as

24、ked _. A. if I have already got well, hadnt you B. whether I had already got well C. have I already got well D. had I already got well.7. He asked , “ Are you a Party member or a League member?” He asked me _. A. am I a Party member or a League member B. was I a Party member or a League member C. if

25、 I was a Party member or a League member D. whether was I a Party member or a League member.8. He asked, “How are you getting along?” He asked _. A. how am I getting along B. how are you getting along C. how I was getting along D. how was I getting along9. He asked me _ with me. A. what the matter i

26、s B. what the mater was C. whats the matter D. what was the matter10. He said, “Dont do that again.” He _ me _ that again. A. said to me; not to do B. said to me; dont do C. told me; dont do D. told me; not to do附答案：1 He told me that he had left his book in his room.2 She said that he would be busy.

27、3 She asked Tom if /whether he could help her.4 She asked me whether that book was mine or his.5 The teacher asked me how I had repaired it.6 The teacher told the students not to waste their time.7 The mother asked Tom to get up early.8 The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.9 My father

28、said practice makes perfect.10 The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day.11 He said they are still students.12 He told me that he was born in 1978.13 The engineer said he was at college in 1967.14 He said he had studied English since he was a boy.15 She said she had read the book while she

29、 was waiting for a bus.16 Mr. Green told them Joe had told him all about his story when he asked for a job.17 He said they (had) insisted that she start immediately.18 She said he demanded that the girl leave at once.19 I told him I had finished it.20 She told us she would come here tomorrow21 The y

30、oung man asked Karen where her chemistry teacher lived.22 The little boy said happily that he had gained the first place in the mathematics competition.23 The physics teacher told the boys and girls that light travels faster than sound.24 Mary asked me if / whether I would go to the concert with her

31、 that evening.25 The old man asked my brother what he had done there the day before.答案与简析：1. D 宾语从句要用陈述句语序。 2. D 一般疑问句要变成whether或if引导的宾语从句. 3. C 直接引语为祈使句, 变间接引语时, 主句中的谓语动词往往根据直接引语的口气换用ask (请求), tell (告诉), order (命令), invite (邀请), warn (警告), advise (建议)等, 而直接引语中的谓语动词要变成动词不等式。即ask/tell/order/invite/wa

32、rn/advise sb. (not) to do sth. 4. D直接引语为陈述句, 变间接引语时用that引导(口语中常省略)。 5. C 6. B反意疑问句要变成whether或if引导的宾语从句。7. C 选择疑问句要变成whether或if引导的宾语从句。8. C直接引语为特殊疑问句, 变间接引语时, 用特殊疑问词引导, 并将疑问句语序变为陈述句语序。9. D注意时态的一致。What作主语，the matter（=wrong）作表语。10. D直接引语为祈使句, 变间接引语时, 主句中的谓语动词往往根据直接引语的口气换用。.直接引述别人的原话，叫直接引语。用自己的话转述别人的话，叫

33、间接引语。间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。直接引语一般前后要加引号，间接引语不用引号。直接引语变为间接引语时，需要注意以下变化： 人称的变化直接引语变为间接引语时，间接引语的主语的人称要遵循“一随主、二随宾、第三人称不更新”的原则。如下表：直接引语的主语 变为间接引语后第一人称 与主句的主语一致第二人称 与主句的宾语一致第三人称 不变 时态的变化直接引语变为间接引语时，间接引语的时态应进行如下变化：直接引语 间接引语一般现在时 一般过去时一般过去时 过去完成时现在进行时 过去进行时一般将来时 过去将来时现在完成时 过去完成时指示代词、时间状语和地点状语的变化 直接引语 间接引语 直接引语 间

34、接引语地点状语 here there 时间状语 yesterday the day before动词 come go today that day指示代词 this that tomorrow the next day these those ago before注意事项1. 如果主句为一般现在时或将来时态，间接引语的时态不变。2. 如果在当地转述，here不改为there，come也不改为go。3. 如果在当天转述，today, tomorrow或yesterday等不改变。4. 如果转述的是自然现象、客观存在的规律等，间接引语的时态不变。直接引语变间接引语练习题将所给直接引语变为间接引语，

35、每空一词：1. “I never eat meat.” he said. He said that _ never _ meat.2. “Ive found my wallet.” he said to me. He _ me that he _ _ _ wallet.3. “I took it home with me.” she said. She said that _ _ _ it home with her.4. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”The teacher sa

36、id that the sun _ in the east and _ down in the west.5. “I met her yesterday.” he said to me.He _ me that he _ met the day _.6. “You must come here before five.” he said.He said that I _ to go _ before five.7. “I bought the house 10 years ago.” he said.He said that he _ bought the house 10 years _.8

37、. “Did you see her last week?” he said.He _ _ I had seen her the week _.9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.”He _ Jim that he _ sit there10. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?”He asked her mother _ _ _ found it.11. “Where have you been these days?” he asked.He asked me _ _ _been _ days. 12. “Do

38、you know where she lives?” he asked.He asked _ _ knew where she _.13. “Stop making so much noise, children.” he said. He _ the children _ _ making so much noise.14. “Dont tell him the news.” she said.She told me _ _ _ him the news. 15. “Are you intested in this?” he said.He _ _ I was interestd in _.

39、【参考答案】1. he, ate 2. told, had, found, his 3. she, had, taken 4. rise, goes 5. told, had, before 6. had, there 7. had, before 8. asked, if whether, before 9. told, could 10. how, she, had 11. where, I, had, those 12. if whether, I, lived 13. told, to, stop 14. not, to, tell 15. asked, if whether, tha

40、t直接引语和间接引语一 直接引语和间接引语概述1. 我们把引述别人的话语可归纳为两种方式，一种时直接引述别人的话语，并置于引号之内的称为直接引语，另一种是用自己的语言转述别人的话语，称为间接引语，间接一般构成宾语从句。The girl said, “I like English very much.” 那个女孩说：“我非常喜欢英语。”（直接引语）The girl said that she liked English very much. 那个女孩说她非常喜欢英语。（间接引语）2. 一般在直接引语或间接引语当中都有一个引述动词，如 tell, ask, say 等。这些引述动词和它们的主语所放

41、位置比较灵活，可以放在直接引语之前、之后或其中。主语如果是名词时，可以倒装。“主语+引述动词”放在间接引语当中就相当于宾语从句的主语部分。He told me, “I am going to Changchun tomorrow.” 他告诉我：“明天我打算去长春。”“Where are you from?” asked Linda. “你来自哪里？”琳达问。二 直接引语变间接引语的变化形式1. 人称代词和指示代词的变化指示代词this 和these通常变为that和those 。人称代词也要根据情况做适当调整。从句中的第一人称多变为第三人称，第二人称根据情况改为第一人称或第三人称，第三人称不变

42、。例如：He said, “I came to help you.” 他说：“我是来帮助你的。”He said that he had come to help me. 他说他是来帮助我的。2. 时态的变化（1） 引述动词如果用一般现在时或一般将来时，间接引语的时态不变。（2） 引述动词如果用一般过去时，间接引语的时态要变成相应的过去时态的一种。具体变化如下：一般现在时一般过去时 一般过去时过去完成时现在进行时过去进行时 现在完成时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时【注意】（1） 含有情态动词的直接引语变成间接引语是，情态动词也要相应地变成过去时态。（2） 若直接引语为客观真理或自然规律，变为间接

43、引语时，时态不变。（3） 有时由于直接引语有特定的过去时间状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。3. 时间状语的变化now then last month the month beforetoday that day three days ago three days beforetonight that night tomorrow the next daythis week that week next month the next monthyesterday the day before the day after tomorrow in two days4. 地点状语的变化here the

44、re5. 谓语动词的变化come go三. 直接引语变为间接引语的情况1.直接引语为陈述句（1）将直接引语变为由that 引导的宾语从句，接在谓语动词之后（that 可以省略）。例如：He said, “I forgot to call you yesterday.”他说：“我昨天忘记给你打电话了。”He said that he had forgotten to call me the day before.他说她前一天忘记给我打电话了。（2）如果引述动词是 say to sb.,则通常改为 tell sb. sth. 结构。例如：He said to me, “Your bike is broken.” 她对我说：“你的自行车坏了。”He told me that my bike was broken. 他对我说我的自行车坏了。2. 直接引语为一般疑问句直接引语为一般疑问句，将直接引语变为由 if /whether 引导的宾语从句，句中时态、人称、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要做相应的变化。其语