高考英语语法填空专项训练及答案及解析(共13页).doc
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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上高考英语语法填空专项训练及答案及解析一、高中英语语法填空1阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Since 1949 when the Peoples Republic of China _(establish), and especially since 1978, Chinas transformation from a traditional _(agriculture)society to a modern industrial society has been greatly accelarated by a rapid indu
2、strial restructuring. Chinas industrial structure developed according to the objective of industrialization, _aimed at the proportion(比例)of agriculture declining ceaselessly, and the proportion of the industrial and service sector increasing continually. _(current), the industrial goods produced in
3、China all range from capital goods to consumption goods. Chinas factory outputs extend from textiles (纺织业) to railway, planes and computers. China is the largest producer of inexpensive cotton textiles in the world and exports large _(quantity) of textiles and clothes. Food processing is very import
4、ant, and much farm produce is exported. Other industrial products _(include)television sets, bicycles, cars, trucks and washing machines are expanding in the world. China has become _industrialized country to some extent. The auto and the housing industry, in the process of industrialization have de
5、veloped by leaps and bounds. The most important export products are machinery and electric equipment,_the most important import products are raw materials. In recent years, Chinas industry_(compete) internationally, and as a result, the _(develop)of the countrys industry is increasingly influenced b
6、y international economic environments.【答案】 was established;agricultural;which;Currently;quantities;including;an;while/and;has competed has been competing;development 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,自1978年以来,中国从传统农业社会向现代工业社会的转型,在产业结构调整的快速推进下,取得了长足的进步。中国在一定程度上已经成为一个发达的工业化国家。 (1)考查时态语态。根据Since 1949可知应用一般过去时,且主语the Pe
7、oples Republic of China与谓语动词establish构成被动语态,用一般过去时的被动语态,故填was established。 (2)考查形容词。society为名词,需要形容词修饰,故填agricultural。 (3)考查定语从句。句意:中国的产业结构是按照工业化的目标发展的,其目标是农业比重不断下降。本句为定语从句修饰先行词the objective of industrialization,且先行词在从句中做主语,指物,故用关系代词which,填which 。 (4)考查副词。句意:目前,中国生产的工业产品从资本品到消费品应有尽有。修饰整个句子应用副词,故填Cur
8、rently。 (5)考查名词。large quantities of固定短语,“大量”,故填quantities。 (6)考查非谓语动词。句意:包括电视机、自行车、汽车、卡车和洗衣机在内的其他工业产品正在世界范围内扩张。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词,故include只能做非谓语,表示“包括;包含”后跟包含的内容时需用现在分词,故填including。 (7)考查冠词。句意:中国在一定程度上已经成为一个发达的工业化国家。country为可数名词,此处表泛指“一个国家”,且industrialized为元音音素开头的单词,故应填an。 (8)考查连词。句意:最重要的出口产品是机电设备,而最
9、重要的进口产品是原材料。表示前后对比应用while;或表示承接关系用连词and。故填while或and。 (9)考查时态。根据上文In recent years可知本句为完成时态,表示过去发生的动作持续了一段时间持续到现在,用现在完成时,主语为单数,故填has competed;或表示过去发生的动作从过去一直持续到现在,不曾间断,用现在完成进行时,主语为单数,故填has been competing。 (10)考查名词。根据上文定冠词the可知应填名词形式,故填development。 【点评】本题考点涉及时态语态,形容词,定语从句,副词,名词,非谓语动词,冠词,连词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇
10、政治经济类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。2阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当 内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinas first artificial intelligence (Al) textbook for high school students _(bring) out last week, following a plan by central government _(include) Al courses in primary and secondary school. T
11、he nine - chapter textbook, _(name) Fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence , was written by outstanding _(scholar) from well - known schools nationwide, under the joint efforts by the research center for MOOC at East China Normal University and Al startup SenseTime. It includes the history of Al an
12、d how the technology can be applied in areas such as facial recognition, auto driving and public security. The textbook focuses not only on basics of Al, but on _(practice) use of Al in daily life, said Chen Yukun, a professor at East China Normal University, _ is also a contributor to the book. Up
13、till now, about 40 high schools across the country _(undertake) the task of being the first group of Al high education pilot program _ introducing the textbook in the curriculum. The Al sector is facing a talent shortage _(global). The publication of the book is _breakthrough as it takes Al technolo
14、gy out of the Ivory tower and makes it part of high school learning, said Lin Dahua, a professor at the Chinese University of Hong Kong.【答案】 was brought;to include;named;scholars;practical;who;have undertaken;by;globally;a 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了人工智能教科书开始进入中国高中课堂。 (1)考查时态语态。句意:紧接着中央政府把人工智能课程纳入初高中课程的计划,
15、中国第一本人工智能教材上周出版了。分析句子可知,此处是谓语动词,根据last week判断为一般过去时,主语textbook和bring out之间是动宾关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态,主语是单数。故填was brought。 (2)考查非谓语动词。句意:紧接着中央政府把人工智能课程纳入初高中课程的计划,中国第一本人工智能教材上周出版了。根据句意可知,此处应译为“的计划”,所以用不定式作为名词plan的后置定语。故填to include。 (3)考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处用非谓语动词,逻辑主语textbook和name(命名)之间是动宾关系,故用过去分词形式。故填named。 (4
16、)考查名词。scholar“学者”是可数名词,联系上下句此处应是很多学者编写了这本书,故用复数形式。故填scholars。 (5)考查形容词。分析句子可知,句中use是名词,应用形容词修饰。故填practical。 (6)考查定语从句。分析句子可知,此处是非限定性定语从句,先行词是Chen Yukun,从句_6_ is also a contributor to the book.缺少主语,故用关系代词who/that,但非限不能用that。故填who。 (7)考查时态。根据up till now“到目前为止”判断为现在完成时,主语high schools是复数,故用have done。故填h
17、ave undertaken。 (8)考查介词。句意:到目前为止,已经有大约40所高中通过把教科书引入课程承担起了第一批人工智能高校试点工程。根据句意可知,此处应译为“通过引入教科书进课程”,表达“通过”常用介词by。故填by。 (9)考查副词。分析句子可知,此处是修饰前面的整个句子,故用副词形式。故填globally。 (10)考查冠词。breakthrough是可数名词,此处译为“一个突破”,且该词是辅音音素开头,故用不定冠词a。故填a。 【点评】本题考点涉及时态语态,非谓语动词,名词,形容词,定语从句,副词,时态,介词以及冠词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇教育类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的
18、基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。3阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 My hometown is Hangzhou, which attracts a great many tourists every year. Hangzhou played a very _ (importance) role in Chinese history, so it has a number of great heritage sites well reserved. Lying on the west distri
19、ct of Hangzhou city, West Lake _ (be) the symbol of Hangzhou as well as one of the most beautiful _ (sight) in China. West Lake has all along been praised as a sparkling pearl. If you want to enjoy _ whole West Lake, there are three kinds of sight you need to see. The sunny one, the rainy one and th
20、e night view of it. There is a saying that the sunny West Lake is not equal _ the rainy West Lake, and the rainy West Lake is less beautiful than the West Lake at night. At last there is a love tale _ happened at West Lake. It is said that a white snake changed into a beautiful lady, who _ (call) Ba
21、i Suzhen. She was willing to repay Xu Xian for _ (save) her life 500 years ago. Then she married him, living together _ (happy). But the Monk Fa Hai kept doing wrongs to her. He finally made them part. Bai Suzhen was shut in the Leifeng tower and the couple had no chance _ (meet) again.【答案】 importan
22、t;is;sights;the;to;which;was called;saving;happily;to meet 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了作者的家乡杭州以及关于西湖的一个传说。 (1)考查形容词。句意:杭州在中国历史上扮演了一个非常重要的角色,所以它有很多很好的遗产保护。此处修饰名词role应用形容词,故填important。 (2)考查主谓一致。句意:西湖位于杭州市西城区,是杭州的象征,也是中国最美的风景之一。此处句子主语是专有名词West Lake,谓语用单数,且描述客观事实用一般现在时,故填is。 (3)考查名词。句意:西湖位于杭州市西城区,是杭州的象征,也是中国最美
23、的风景之一。根据上文的one of the可知后跟复数名词表示“其中之一”,故填sights。 (4)考查冠词。句意:如果你想欣赏整个西湖,你需要看三种景观。此处the是定冠词,表示特指,修饰whole West Lake。故填the。 (5)考查介词。句意: 有句话说,阳光充足的西湖并不等于多雨的西湖,多雨的西湖也不如夜晚的西湖美丽。be equal to固定短语,“与相等”。故填to。 (6)考查定语从句。句意:最后有一个爱情故事,发生在西湖。此处which是关系代词,引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词tale,在从句中做主语,故填which。 (7)考查时态语态。句意:据说,白蛇变成了一位
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