译林英语八下-8B期末易错点讲解(共11页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上授课类型 8B期末复习基本词汇过关8B期末复习之易错点（一）8B期末复习之易错点（二）教学内容 8B期末复习之基本词汇过关知识点讲解基本词汇过关1.冠词l a European country一个欧洲的国家 an usual year/experience/trip 一个不寻常的年/经历/旅行l a wonderful experience 一次精彩的经历 an island country一个岛屿国家l 国际组织（a Oxfam volunteer -a UNICEF doctor- an ORBIS doctor)l What about the.?这个怎么样？l

2、 I have never seen a.我从未见过. l It makes a.他使一个.l2.名词类:menu菜单/printer打印机/screen屏幕/mouse鼠标类:situations情况/condition条件（固）living condition居住条件/conversation交流类:voice声音（专指人发出的）/noise噪音（汽车鸣笛）/sound声音（自然界的声音：雨声，风声，雷声）类:reason理由/point要点，关键/result结果/advice建议（不可数）类:difference区别（固）make a difference in.在.方面有区别/pro

3、mise允诺/success成功/chance机会类:experience经验（历）/condition条件/education教育/situation形式，情况/passport护照类:instruction指示（说明书）/instrument乐器/interview采访/invention发明3.形容词类:cheerful快乐的/harmful有害的/meaningful有意义的/meaningless无意义的/useful有用的/thankful感激的类:kind友好的/clever聪明的/foolish，silly愚蠢/hard努力的/honest诚实的/patient耐心的/lone

4、ly孤独的（形容人）4.动词和动词短语(1)动词类:realize意识到，实现（梦想）/describe描述/remember记得/improve提高类:hit击打/shake握手/touch触动，感动/lift举起类:renew续借/recycle回收（垃圾）/reduce减少/return返回类:stand站立/refuse拒绝/afford支付得起钱/spend花费类:hit击打/fine罚款/catch抓住/support支持(2) 动词短语类:get on上车/carry on继续/depend on取决于，依靠/live on以.生活类:turn up出现，调高声音/give up

5、放弃/clean up清洁/take up占据类:make a sure of确信/make a decision做决定/make plan制定计划类:turn down调低声音/turn on打开/turn off关闭/turn into变为类:in all合计/at all根本/above all首先，尤其是/after all毕竟类:provide sth for sb.=provide sb with sth.为某人提供某物/offer sth.for sb.主动为人提供某物类:afraid of害怕/strict with对.严格/proud of对.自豪/thankful to感谢

6、类:set up建立/send up发射/open up开拓眼界类：cut in (on) .插嘴/push in. 插队，插嘴/hand in提交（作业）5.介词类:except除了/without没有/opposite在.对面/against反对，靠，击打（固）play against对抗，beat against击打，stand/live against依靠，crash against冲撞6.副词和副词短语类:anyway无论如何/moreover而且/otherwise否则/instead恰恰相反是类:loudly大声地/clearly清晰地/quietly安静地/closely亲密地

7、/hardly几乎不类:almost几乎/mostly主要地/exactly确切地/possibly可能地/especially尤其地类:as well as不仅.而且./as long as只要7.连词类:but但是/while尽管/till知道/or否则类:until直到.为止/before在.之前/after在.之后/since由于，因为，自.之后典例讲解例1：词汇检测1. These signs are used to w people of danger in some public places.2. The doctors and nurses have done a lot t

8、o prevent the s of the disease.3. If everyone o traffic rules, there will be fewer accidents.4. John did the l work of all, but complained the most.5. There are still fifteen minutes (留下)for us to finish the work.6. People are (礼貌)asked not to touch the painting on show.7. The charity works for the

9、equal (权利)of girls and women.8.What are the students doing around the fire? They are trying to keep warm, because its so cold.9.What should we do when there are too many people in the street? If someone is in your way, wait instead of past him.10.Why did you such a good offer to work abroad?Because

10、I want to stay with my family in China例2：句子翻译1.这条河很快就会被那些垃圾污染。_2.这个问题严重到足以造成更多的动物死亡。_3.政府应该意识到如何处理这个问题对我们很重要。_4.很多人总是太忙而不去做志愿者。_5.我们的环境正变得越来越糟，因此是我们应该保护环境的时候了。_课堂练习单项填空1.What about charity sale?I should say it was great success. A. /; the B. the; a C. a; the D. the; /2Its useful for the deaf people

11、to learn sign languages. Yes, its an important way of for them. A. education B. introduction C. communication D. conclusion3.Sally, I went to the concert last night. How big Suzhou Music Hall is! So it is. It is to hold more than one thousand people. A. big enough B. enough big C. too big D. big too

12、4.Must I return the book this week? I borrowed it 10 days ago. No, you . You can it for another 10 days. A. mustnt; keep B. mustnt; borrow C. neednt; keep D. neednt; lend5. One Belt, One Road(一带一路)has already helped to markets for China and other countries along. A. put up B. set up C. take up D. op

13、en up6.Susan, why are you still here? They are all ready to start. Im sorry, but I when to start. A. wont be told B. am not told C. didnt tell D. wasnt told7.Why are you worried? Im expecting a call from my daughter. She New York for three days. A. has gone to B. has been to C. has been in D. has co

14、me in8.How do people get information? They information from the newspaper or magazines, but now they for it on the Internet.A. are used to getting; used to search B. used to get; are used to searchC. are used to get; used to search D. used to get; are used to searching9.Mr. Smith, I dont think we ca

15、n get there on time by bike. You mean its for us to take a taxi? A. difficult B. necessary C. meaningful D. possible10.We need to clean the living room now because the guests are coming. OK. The children can help too. Just as the saying goes, . A. Practice makes perfect B. Many hands make light work

16、 C. Every dog has its day D. When in Rome, do as the Romans do8B期末复习之易错点（一）知识点讲解易错点（一）1.与way有关的短语in the way/in ones way挡住某人的路 on the way (to).在去.路上（注意here，there,home,abroad不能+to）in some ways以某种方式，在某种程度上 by the way顺便说一下2.与time有关的短语at a time一次 in time及时 on time准时 from time to time有时 at times总是 sometim

17、es有时 sometime某时（常用于将来时） some time一段时间 some times一些次数3.use系列短语used to do sth.过去常常做某事 be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事（主语是人） be used to do sth被用来做.固定搭配：there used to be.过去常常有.（there be句型中不能用have）4.三种表示去的用法have gone to去了.没回来have been to去过.（句中出现never,ever,before,four times/且与次数有关）have been in 呆在.（句中有for+一段时间

18、/since+过去的时间点）5.how系列短语how far问距离的多远（注意可以回答：About 30 minutes walk） how long问时间（回答；for+时间/since+时间点）How soon问多久（回答：in+一段时间） how often问频率：多久一次（回答：如：three times a week）拓展：how long的问句时态一般为现在完成时：例如how long has the door open?6.现在完成时和一般过去时的辨析现在完成时（have/has+done）句子中有yet（用于疑问句和否定句，句末），already（用于肯定句，句中），ever，

19、just，一定是用现在完成时how long的问句时态一般为现在完成时：例如how long has the door open? 表示过去的事情对现在造成影响一般过去时的用法陈述一个过去发生的事实或者明确的时间，句中常见时间提示词（this morning,the other day in+过去的时间点等）When引导的特殊疑问句，用一般过去时（例如：When did you finish the homework?）7.特殊疑问词+动词不定式的用法what/when/how/which/where+to do(注意：what to do with=how to deal with/why不

20、能+to do后面必须加句子)8.主谓一致用法A (together) with B- A as well as B-A except B 主语一定是A! 例如 Tom as well as his mother 主语就是Tom9.固定搭配（do/to do/doing用法）avoid doing sth避免做. dream of/about doing sth.梦想做. cant stop doing sth.=cant wait to do sth.迫不及待做.warn sb. (not) to do sth.警告某人（不）做. feel like doing sth.想要做某事 stop

21、两种：stop to do.停下来去做另一件事情 stop doing sth.停止目前手上做的.carry on doing sth.=carry on with sth.继续（做）事情.continue doing sth.继续做同一件事 ask sb to do sth.请求某人做.10. 考点搭配move at high speed=travel at high speed in a short speed 高速运转make much difference in. 在.做出区别11. 瞬间动词和延续性动词的用法(1) buy-have/has had borrow-have/has k

22、ept (2) arrive-have/has been in,at leave-have/has been away(3) join-have/has been a member of die-have/has been dead (4) marry-have/has been married begin/start- have/has been on (5) stop/finish- have/has been over(6)12. marry的用法A marry (to) B- 无marry with的搭配get married to sb.与.结婚（强调瞬间的动作） be marrie

23、d to sb.与.结婚（强调延续性的动作）13. alone与lonely的用法alone表示：处境孤独/一个村庄的孤独 lonely表示：精神上的孤独（feel lonely）/地点的孤独（a lonely village一个孤僻的村庄）14. since几种意思的用法译为“自从.”，主句一般用现在完成时态，从句用过去时。例：I have lived here since my family moved here.译为“因为”，即=because15. 语法结构It is+adj.+of sb+to do sth”与“It is+adj.+for sb+to do sth”的区别如下：(1

24、) of sb句型中的形容词一般用于表示人物的性格、品德,以及主观感情，如：good, kind, nice, clever, foolish,silly等。(2) for sb 句型中的形容词常用于表示事物的特征，如：easy, hard, difficult, interesting, important, impossible等。16.receive与accept的用法区别receive 表示客观的接受。accept表示主观的接受。例如：receive a message/present/gift/e-mail I dont want to accept this gift.17.for

25、 example 与such as的区别for example-举例说明，只举同类人或事物中的一个例子，且短语前后必须有逗号 例如：, for example,such as-举例说明，只能举同类人或事物在的几个例子（至少两个）,且短语前面必须有逗号例如：，such as典例讲解词汇检测1. Our school has an (室内的)swimming pool.2. He dreams of going (在国外)for further education.3. If you raise it at the meeting, I will (支持)you.4. Weather (条件)ar

26、e good for sailing today.5. She wanted to take part in the club activity, but was (拒绝).6. When the guest entered the hall, Mrs Smith stood up and greeted him (礼貌地).7. No doctors gave up (做手术)on the old man.8.How many days is this museum open? It is open six days a week. It means that it is open ever

27、y day Monday.9.She wanted to help more people see again. That is why she made up her to train as a nurse.10.Thanks for showing me how to start this online tour! My .课堂练习句子翻译1.他太累了，无法继续开展工作。 2.对学生而言，养成好的习惯是很重要的。 3.到目前为止，污染对地球产生了很大的影响。 4.我爷爷学会了如何用手机和我们保持联系。 5.如果你遵循这些步骤，你就能在某种程度上改进你的听力技巧。 8B期末复习之易错点（二）

28、知识点讲解易错点（二）1.几种结构后面谓语动词的用法a couple of+可数名词复数 one of+形容词的最高级+可数名词复数a bit+adj./adv.=a little+adj./adv.有一点儿. a bit of+不可数名词=a little+不可数名词 有点儿.百分比+of+n.(后面的谓语动词一定要看前面的名词可不可数)例：70% of earth is covered with water. 地球表面70%都是水。2.感叹句的用法(1) what+a/an+形容词+主语（可数名词单数）+谓语动词！常考：(注意有a和没有a)What a great time/What a

29、meaningful workWhat a fantastic experienceWhat useful advice/newsWhat good information(2) how+形容词或副词+the+主语+谓语！3.语法too.to do.太.而不能. 否定意义=not enough to do sth.enough.to do.足够.做.(注意：句中有形容词需放在enough前面，即adj.+enough)so.that与such.that.(注意：so+adj.+a/an+n.=such+a/an+adj.+n.)4.交际用语的问句和回答(1) Would+sb.+mind+do

30、ing sth？某人介意做某事？ 介意的回答：Youd better not./Of course/Certainly. 不介意的回答：Of course not./Certainly not./Not at all.(易错：Never mind没关系-与介意无任何关系，判断介意和不介意一定要看答句横线后面的句意！)(2)With pleasure.我乐意（去做）。（别人请你帮他做事情的回答） My pleasure.不客气，不用谢。（回答别人对你的感谢）=No,thanks.不用谢。(3)Im afraid so.恐怕是这样。Im afraid not.恐怕不行。 I hope so.希望如

31、此。 I hope not.希望不是。5.情态动词的用法-必考题must的用法是(1)和（2）(1) 表示“必须”，否定回答：主语+dont/doesnt have to或者主语+neednt(易错：mustnt是禁止的意思)(2) 表示“推测的意思（主观）”，否定回答：主语+cant(3) 常见情态动词否定：mustnt禁止做（禁止吸烟，闯红灯，穿马路，把书从图书馆带走）；neednt不需要，cant不可能（能力），shouldnt不应该6.until用法(1) not.until直到.时候（可位于句首）(2) 常考题：He wont go to bed until his mother c

32、omes back.直到妈妈回来他才去睡觉 How soon will you finish the task? Not until six.你多久完成任务？直到6点。(2) until:直到某个时间点一直都在做。7.反义疑问句中s的判断和回答sb.s区分s是is还是has，看这个结构后面有无动词过去分词，有就是has，没有就是is。其次，反义疑问句的回答一定要根据事实回答。例句：Your aunts been to Nan tong?, hasnt she? No she hasnt.She plans to go there this summer.8.易错难点Mary didnt kno

33、w who to talk to about the problem. (注意两个to)What.for?为什么.? 回答：To do./For doing.（注意不能用because回答）be made up of由.组成（例如：江苏由13个城市组成。）find+it+adj+for sb.+to do sth.（注意是it不是its,that）As the saying goes.正如.所说9.被动语态(done就是动词过去分词)-必考题被动语态可以用于任何时态，基本结构：现在时：be+done 将来时：will+be+done 过去时：was/were+done 现在完成时：have/h

34、as+been+done易错和难点(1) 在连词if/(Not) until/as soon as/unless后面的主语表示被做用被动语态都要用be+done（不能用will be done!）(2) 部分词用主动形式表示被动意义（很重要是必考题）类：某些连系动词(如look, sound, smell, feel, taste, prove等)要用主动表被动，它们没有被动语态形式：That dog looks dangerous. 那只狗看起来很危险。Your idea sounds a good one. 你的想法听起来很好。My advice proved to be wrong. 我

35、的意见证实是错的。类：当open, close, shut, lock, move等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时，通常用主动表被动The door wont shut. 这门关不上。类：当read, wash, clean, cook, cut, wear, carry等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时，通常要用主动形式表示被动意义：The cloth washes well. 这种布料好洗。The book sells quickly. 这书销售得快。类：take place与hold的区别take place 表示“发生、举行、举办”，一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”，即这种事件的

36、发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。且没有被动语态（易错）。hold意思是举行，一般指举办，如hold a meeting等，是主观上的，一般主语都是事情。可以用被动语态。真题：The Olympic Games take place every four years=The Olympic Games are held every four years.类：need被动语态的用法当need 用作行为动词表“需要”时，need doing = need to be done，即使用主动形式表被动含义。例：The room needs cleaning.=The room needs to be c

37、leaned. 这房间需要打扫了。（注意：常考题是某人需要做手术三种表达：sb.need an operation=sb.need operating on=sb.need to be operated on）类：make的用法make sb.do sth=sb.be made to do sth.使某人做某事。10.替代词：this,that,those,one，ones,it区别(1)it特指，代替前文提到过的事物。（同类同物)例：He is eating a banana. It looks delicious.(2)that特指，代替不可数名词或单数名词，指物。The weather

38、in Wuhan is hotter than that of Dongguan.（that = the weather）(3)those特指，代替复数名词。如：The machines are better than those we produced last year.（those=the machines）(4)one泛指，代替单数名词，可指人或物。（同类异物）I like the bananas,please give me one more.(5)ones泛指，代替复数名词，可指人或物。如：There were a few young people with some old on

39、es in the house.（ones=people）典例讲解1.Did you see movie about Dian Fosseys work with wild animals?Yes. It is amazing one. A. the; the B. a; an C. the; an D. a; the2. The washing machine is environmentally friendly because it uses water than models. A. less; older B. less; elder C. fewer; older D. fewer

40、; elder3. The book is not easy to understand. can be enjoyed if you dont read it carefully.A. Something B. Anything C. Everything D. Nothing4.Sorry, sir. I the bus this morning.Listen, Donna. You late to work too many times. Youre fired. A. have missed; have been B. missed; have been C. have missed;

41、 are D. missed; are5. The main topic of the between Millie and Mr. Chen is about the changes in the town. A. communication B. conversation C. competition D. conclusion6. It will be fine tomorrow, but a heavy rain is to arrive by Thursday morning. A. expected B. prepared C. developed D. introduced7. The future of life o