高考英语书面表达写作指导记叙文(共13页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上高考英语书面表达写作指导记叙文记叙文（或：叙述文Narration）包括人物介绍、故事、游记、报道、典故、日记等。看图作文也多属于这一类。记叙文应特别注意： 1、六要素：人物、时间、地点、事件发生的原因、经过和结果。人物和事件是叙述的主体。记叙时要把这些要素交待清楚，使人了解事情的来龙去脉。 2、叙述方式：顺叙、倒叙、插叙等。顺叙，是英语写作最常用的叙述方式。 顺叙： 按事件发生、发展的顺序或时间顺序进行叙述。 倒叙：把事情的结局或某个突出的片段提到前面叙述，然后再按照事情的顺序叙述下去。 插叙：在叙述过程中，由于某种需要，暂时把叙述的线索中断一下，插入有关的另一叙述

2、。 夹叙夹议：一方面叙述事情，一方面对这件事情加以分析或评论。一般叙述的线索可分为以下几种： 以时间为线索，按时间的顺序来展开。 以地点为线索，以地点的转移为顺序来展开。 以事件发展的过程为线索，或以人物出现的先后次序来展开。 以事物的象征意义为线索来展开。 以人物的思想行为及认知的过程为线索来展开。 3、人称：基本上采用第一人称或第三人称作为叙述的主体。用第一人称叙述主观色彩较浓，显得亲切，便于表达细腻的思想感情；用第三人称叙述，便于超越时空限制，能比较真实地、客观地叙述一件事情的全过程。人称要通篇一致，不要在行文中更换人称。4、时态的一致：叙事时表过去的事件和行为，用一般过去时，兼用别的过

3、去时态（过去完成时、过去进行时和过去进来时）。必要时也用现在时态。叙述经常性的事情时，以一般现在时为主。总之，下笔前一定要统观全局，确定好时态基点。5、记叙文常包含三部分：开头段：多是背景介绍，交待时间、地点、人物等（when，where, who）;主体段：讲述故事的情节（what）,可由一段或几段构成;结尾段：是对全文进行归纳、总结，得出结论或是故事的结局（result）。以下是一些交代时间，地点，人物，人与人之间的关系开头的句型：1、 记事：1） One night about nine oclock , Dr George received a call from Dr. Jim 2）

4、 It was after two oclock in the morning when he.3） This morning I went to a shop to.4） On March 23rd, at 10:15, a terrible accident happened on.5） Last Spring Festival, my parents and I went.6） School was over. Wang Min asked Feng Gang to go home together.7） On my way to the park, I saw a group of y

5、oung men.2、记人：1）Mrs Smith, aged 55, has worked for our school for 2year2）Wu Ping, who is a famous young writer, was born in .3) I have a little niece, who is called Xiao Ping. She has gone to4) James Quin is an English teacher, who teaches in China.5) Liu Haiyang, a student from Chinese top universi

6、ty, badly hunt for.6) Once there was a man who wanted to buy himself a pair of shoes.7) Sun Shuwei is a boy of 14 from Guangdong.8) Our English teacher, Ms Yang , came to our school in 1980.附: 看图作文写作要点：1、认真观察，仔细体会，看懂图片所表达的意思，理解其内涵和寓意。据此确定主题和安排细节。2、应注意一组图画的顺序及其内在的联系，并以此安排作文的内容，尤其注意逻辑顺序。3、充分发挥分析和概括的能力

7、，抓住图中的细节，联系实际、合理想象，但不能偏离图画表达的主旨和意图。例1：看图作文 （2004辽宁）下面4幅图片描述的是星期天上午在中山公园里发生的一件事。请根据图片所提供的信息用英语为你校的“英语园地”写一篇短文。注意：短文须包括所有图片的主要内容。短文的内容要连贯、完整；短文单词数：100左右（已给句子中的单词不计入总词数）；参考词汇：货摊stand (n.) ; 抢夺 snatch (v.) ; 逮捕 arrest (v.)写作步骤：1. 审题：理解图意，将几幅图连成一个完整的故事。2. 列出要点： 地点：公园的冰激凌货摊旁。人物：一名年轻妇女，一个小偷和一个老人。事件：年轻妇女的包被

8、抢，人们追赶，老人用伞将其绊倒，警察逮捕抢劫者，妇女和人们感谢老人。3. 将要点扩展成文，注意上下文的连接，用适当的连词，副词。4. 通读一遍，改错。参考范文Possible version： One Sunday morning, there were some people in Zhongshan Park. At a stand, a woman was buying an ice cream when a young man behind her snatched her handbag away. She shouted, “Stop the thief! Hes snatched

9、 my bag!”Hearing this, a few people began to run after him. There was an old man sitting quietly on a bench nearby. As the snatcher was running past him, the old man quickly picked up his umbrella and put it between the snatchers legs. The young man fell down on the ground hard. Soon two policemen c

10、ame in a police car and arrested him. The woman thanked the old man, and the people around praised the old man for his cleverness.例2： 【写作指导】 1要审清写作要求。 2此题只提供了一幅相关的图画信息。通过观察及写作要求，我们可以确定：（1）体裁：夹叙夹议；（2）人称：须用第三人称；（3）时态：可用一般现在时。 3审清图画的主题和梗概：一个年轻人在工厂，嘴里正吸着烟，这时他看到工厂里的一个禁止吸烟的标志牌，而工厂本身也正向大气中排放滚滚浓烟。年轻人顿时觉得困惑不

11、解由此，作者发表评论：相关部门应当采取措施禁止工厂污染自然环境的行为！ 4增加细节，连贯成文，做到层次分明，结构严谨，并准确选用相关词语、句型表达图画内容。 参考范文Possible version：SmokeThis is a funny and instructive picture. In the picture, a young man is smoking happily in a factory when he sees a sign which means “No smoking” on the wall. But he finds that the factory is giv

12、ing off large quantities of heavy smoke, which makes him feel very puzzled, “Why does the factory forbid people to smoke while the factory itself emits(发出) so much poisonous smoke?” Nowadays, many factories know the danger of smoking to themselves and dont allow people smoking in the factory. Howeve

13、r, they dont pay any attention to the danger that they cause to the whole society. And they let out lots of polluted smoke which does great harm to our environment. In my opinion, we could live without most of the industrial products, but we could not survive without nature! Therefore, something mus

14、t be done to prevent the pollution caused by all factories! 例3： 五年高考三年模拟 p.351 2006年江西高考英语书面表达书面表达练习练习1 右边图画描述的是你的一段亲身经历，请据此为一家中学生英文报的故事专栏写一篇短文。注意：1短文必须包括图画所表现的主要内容，可以适当增加细节，使其连贯、完整；2叙述必须用第一人称；3词数100左右。生词：违章者offender n十字路口crossroads n练习2 作为社区的志愿者，你与同班的几名同学每隔一周的星期六到学校附近的社会救济站，为暂时无法回家的老人和儿童做一些力所能及的事情。

15、请根据提示及左边图画内容为学校的英语报写一篇报道。注意：1词数不少于60； 2参考词汇：社会救济站 drop-in center 志愿者volunteer练习3 请用英语写一篇100词左右的短文，简要描述漫画内容，并结合生活实际， 就漫画主题发表感想，题目自拟。参考词汇：公民道德civic virtue记叙文可以叙述故事，事件，活动，项目等，可以应用于看图写话，故事， 日记，报道，通知，书信等）一、叙述故事或看图说话写作要领：（范文5.3 P348Writing 22/23）（一）开头：事情发生的时间、地点 1. One Sunday morning, we went to.2. 2. A f

16、ew days ago, I was on my way to school. 3. Last week, my uncle had an unforgettable experience. 我叔叔有一次不愉快的经历。（二）事情的发展（注意：文中出现很具体时间时应避免重复用同样的表达法，可用以下句型、词组）1.I was about to when我正要，突然，Hardly had I donewhenNo sooner had done than我刚，就；我一，就2.Unfortunately, 3. To our surprise, 4.To tell the truth, we were

17、 frightened at that moment. 老实说我们当时吓坏了5.since自从 not until 直到才in the middle/ course of在的过程中At the same time 同时，然而= in the mean timetwo hours later = after 2 hours in 2 hours 两小时后（与将来时连用）；两小时之内（与过去式连用）after that = later (on) = then那以后；然后in a minute/ while过了一会儿in the end结果最后（强调结果）finally最后（强调顺序）at last

18、终于（强调费尽努力才做到）soon = before long很快，过不多久It lasted 2 hours beforeIt was/ will be + 一段时间 before（三）结果或感想：1. The old man thanked her again and again. 2.How he regretted what he had done! 3.I was very tired, but I was happy that I did a good deed. 二、介绍事件的常用句型1. May 18(th), 2005(时间/地点) witnessed/ saw the Fi

19、fteenth National Book Fair in Tianjin (天津第十五届全国书市/图书展销). （时间/地点）目睹/见证了某事的发生2.The 15th National Book Fair was held successfully in Tianjin on May 18th, 2005. 事件在(时/地)成功举行3. (As planned, )The 15th . took place in Tianjin on May 18, 2005, which attracted about/ as many as 60 thousand people from all jo

20、bs throughout the country.事件如期/按计划在(时/地)举行4.May 18th was a special day, when 三、介绍活动的常用句型 (范文5.3 P343Writing 2/3)1.There will be 活动(a party/ speech/ contest/ concert/ ) (to be held by 主办者) + where + when 某活动将在某时某地由举办2.活动(A party/ speech/ contest/ concert/)will be held+where+when 某活动将在某时某地举/进行3In orde

21、r to welcome foreign friends, 主办者will hold 活动(a party/ speech/ )+ where + when 为了欢迎外国朋友，主办者将在某时某地举办某活动范文：.请你根据提示用英语写一篇短文,介绍第十五届全国书市开幕当天的情况,并浅谈举办书市的意义。日期2005年5月18日地点天津人数6万余人（来自全国各地、各行各业）主要活动开幕式、科普讲座、作者与读者见面受欢迎图书社会科学、少儿读物、外语等意义提供好书、方便购书、满足人们增长知识的愿望注意：1.词数：801202可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯3参考词汇： 全国书市National Book F

22、air 开幕式opening ceremony The 15th National Book Fair was declared open in Tianjin on May 18th, 2005.On that day, more than 60,000 people, such as teachers, students and workers, came to the fair from all over the country. Various activities were organized, including the opening ceremony, lectures on

23、popular science, and meetings at which writers and readers communicated face to face. People went around to look for their favorite books. Among the most popular were books about social sciences, childrens books and books about foreign language learning.The book fair brings to the book lovers much c

24、onvenience as it can provide such a great variety of books. It satisfies peoples need to increase their knowledge.训练一：你的一天活动安排如下，请你据此写一篇短文。时 间地 点活 动 安 排8：00校 门 口欢迎美国学生（约50人）到校参加访问8：30-9：30图书馆阅览室联欢会（get-together）,交换（exchange）礼品9：30-10：30校 园 内参观教学楼、实验楼、校办工厂、游泳池10：30-11：30操 场友谊篮球赛12：00校 门 口美国学生离校14：00-

25、17：00几 家 书 店和几名同学选择、购买了书和磁带训练二：来自你市的中学生小记者最近进行了一次采访活动。请根据下面表格中的内容为你校的英语园地写一篇报道。时间2007年1月15日地点经济开发区采访人40名中学小记者被采访人开发区主任王庆海采访内容1 过去一年的成绩2 如何吸引投资3 三年后开发区的前景其他1除了笔、本子，还用了数码相机、录音笔等现代设备2对一流的设计、漂亮的绿化、现代的建筑留下了深刻的印象注意：1、词数：100左右2、参考词汇：经济开发区the Economic Development Zone；小记者teenage reporter；投资investment；数码digi

26、tal；录音笔recording pen；高考英语书面表达训练四（记叙文2） 答案训练一About fifty American students came to visit our school today.At 8 oclock we gathered at the school gate to give them a warm welcome. About half an hour late, we had a get-together in the reading room in our library. Our headmaster told them something about

27、 our school. And then we talked with each other and exchanged gifts. The get-together lasted about an hour, after which they were showed around our school. They visited our classroom building, the lab building, the factory run by our school/ the school-run factory, and the swimming pool. A friendly

28、basketball game started on the sports ground at ten thirty. At twelve oclock all American students left our school. In the afternoon my classmates and I went to some shops, where we chose and bought some books and tapes.I was busy but happy today./ It was a busy but happy day today. 训练二Forty teenage

29、 reporters from different middle schools in our city paid a visit to the Economic Development Zone and had an interview with Wang Qinghai, head of the Zone, on January 15th, 2007.At the interview, the reporters asked Mr Wang about what achievements they made last year, how they were to attract more

30、investment and how the zone would be developing over the next three years. Mr Wang gave them satisfactory answers. They used modern equipment, such as digital cameras and recording pens besides pens and note-books at the interview. They were deeply impressed by the first-class design of the zone, as

31、 well as beautiful trees and grass and modern buildings there.训练二下面是有关英语演讲比赛的信息，请根据此用英语写一篇100词左右的通知。活动：演讲比赛(English-speaking contest) 目的：提高英语口语组织者：学生会( Students Union) 参加范围：高中(senior)学生 报名时间：5月25日以前 报名地点：学生会办公室 比赛时间：6月9日下午4:00 比赛地点：教学楼五楼礼堂(auditorium) 评奖：前五名优胜者获奖We are going to have an English-speak

32、ing Contest for senior students so as to improve our oral/ spoken English. It will be held in the auditorium on the 5th floor in the teaching building at 4 p.m. June 9th. Those who want to take part in the contest are supposed to come to sign up at the office of the Students Union before May 25th. A

33、ll the senior students are welcome to take part in the contest. The first five winners will be given prizes. Please try your best and get ready in time.Wish you success!Students Union训练三：假定你是李明，去年时期曾赴美国加州帕萨迪那市的一所中学进行短期参观访向，住在Peter家。今年寒假Peter要来北京，将住在你家。请根据下列信息给Peter发个电子邮件。内容到京到机场接机，举办欢迎家宴活动参观长城等名胜古迹到

34、场欣赏中国民乐交响乐团举办的07年新年音乐会游览繁华市区、购物希望如行程允许，在北京过春节注意：1词数100左右；2对紧扣主题的发挥不予扣分；3开头与结尾已为你写好。 (中国民乐交响乐团China National Traditional Orchestra）To: Peter From: Li Ming Date:January 26th , 2007Subject: Welcome to BeijingPeter, Glad to learn youre coming to Beijing , China ._I believe we will have much fun together

35、 .WELL , SEE YOU SOON. BYE ! L Li Ming 训练三Peter,Hi! Glad to learn youre coming to Beijing in a couple of days. My family and I are looking forward to your visit and we are so glad you can stay with us while you are in Beijing. We have got everything ready for you so as to make you feel at home.On th

36、e day you arrive, my father and I will meet you at the airport and in the evening we will have a nice dinner party at home, Im sure you will like all the delicious Chinese food.During the following days, I will show you around many places of interest in Beijing, including the Great Wall, which is re

37、garded as one of the seven wonders of the world. We will spend some time touring around downtown Beijing, such as Wangfujing, Xidan and Qianmen, where you can do some shopping if you like. Of course, as it is the largest one in the world, Tiananmen Square is a scenic spot we cant miss. Another excit

38、ing moment we will share is going to the 2007 New Year Concert given by China National Traditional Orchestra during the Chinese Spring FestivalThe Spring festival, is a special joyful occasion of celebration for Chinese as well as many other Asians. If you can stay in Beijing long enough, you will b

39、e able to share the pleasure of it with us.I believe we will have much fun together. WELL, SEE YOU SOON, BYE! Li Ming四、项目介绍 (范文5.3 P344Writing 4 p344 writing 7)（一）开头：介绍主题1. I would like to tell you that our school has worked out a new plan. 我要告诉您我校以制定出新计划。2. Let me tell you that some new buildings w

40、ill be built in our school3. I would like to report to you that我想向您汇报/报告（二）正文：目的、进行情况1.The purpose of this program are to此次活动的目的在于/是2.in order to, we will3. The program is intended to 此计划意在4.The new plan is aimed at improving the students ability to 新计划旨在提高学生的能力5.We have called in some experts on/ E

41、xperts have been called in我们已请来某方面的专家6.We have built/ set up a computer labA computer lab has been built/ set up7. We are planning to8. We will set up another9. we are considering doing （三）结尾：征求意见五、口头通知 （一）开头1.Ladies and gentlemen! May I have your attention, please? I have an announcement to make. 2

42、.Boys and girls! Attention, please? I have something important to tell you. 3.Good morning, everyone/ teachers and students! Would you please pay attention to me? I would like to tell you something important. （二）正文(1. 活动/时间/地点/主办者 2. 注意事项 3. 参加人员)1.Everyone should take a notebook and pen so that you

43、 can write down the key points of the speech/ lecture. 2.Be sure/ Remember/ Dont forget to wear strong shoes and take an umbrella in case it rains. 3.Those who are interested in it are welcome. 4.Those who want to take part, please sign up at the Students Union. 5.Please gather at the school gate be

44、fore 2 p.m.（三）结尾: 1.Dont forget / Please remember: 2 tomorrow afternoon, at the school gate别忘了/记住：明天下午2点在2.Keep in mind that the deadline for signing up is. 记住，报名的截止时间为 校门口3.The bus is leaving at 2 oclock sharp. Dont be late./ Be sure to come on time.汽车2点整出发，请勿迟到4.Thanks for listening. 谢谢聆听！5. Thats

45、 all. Thank you. 就此，谢谢！六、书面通知 （一）开头:(活动/时间/地点/主办者)（二）正文:（活动的其他内容、注意事项、参加人员）（三）结尾 1. Wish you success!2. Good luck to you!3. Have a good time/ Enjoy yourselves! 4.You are sure to learn a lot from it/ to have a lot of fun. 你一定会从中学到很多/ 玩得很愉快范文：.假设你们将于5月10日去体检。请根据下列内容和提示，写一篇口头通知（词数：80左右）。体检地点：人民医院，离我们学校不远，步行大约15分钟的路程